LOCATION GIESE MN+WI
Established Series
Rev. RLB-PRCN-AGG
02/2011
GIESE SERIES
The Giese series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils in low lying areas on moraines. This soil formed in a loamy mantle over very firm dense glacial till. These soils have a densic contact at depths of 40 to 80 inches. Permeability is moderate in the upper mantle and very slow in the dense till. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 27 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 40 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, isotic, nonacid, frigid Typic Humaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Giese muck on a slightly concave slope of 1 percent on a ground moraine with a cover of deciduous trees. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oa--0 to 1 inches; black (10YR 2/1) muck, broken face, rubbed and pressed; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many coarse and medium roots; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
A--1 to 6 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam; dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; strong medium fine granular structure; friable; many medium and fine roots; 2 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles and stones; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 7 inches thick)
Eg--6 to 11 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam; light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; moderate thin platy structure; very friable; common fine and medium roots; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations and common medium distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) Fe depletions; 2 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles and stones; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bg1--11 to 24 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine and very fine roots; common prominent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) coatings on faces of peds and pores; common fine distinct greenish gray (5G 5/1) Fe depletions and many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; 2 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles and stones; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bg2--24 to 30 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots; thin discontinuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) coats on faces of peds and in pores; many fine prominent dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4), few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common medium distinct brown (7.5YR 5/2) Fe concentrations; 4 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles and stones; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of Bg horizons ranges from 10 to 20 inches.)
2Bw--30 to 36 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) fine sandy loam; moderate thin platy structure; firm; common distinct dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2) discontinuous coatings on faces of peds and in pores; common medium distinct reddish gray (5YR 5/2) Fe depletions and few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; 10 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles and stones; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 27 inches thick)
2BC--36 to 70 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; moderate thin and medium platy structure; very firm; thin discontinuous dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) coatings on faces of peds; few fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; 8 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles and stones; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (20 to 40 inches thick)
2BCd--70 to 80 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; moderate very coarse and extremely coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium platy, few 2 to 3 millimeter oblique fractures 0.5 to 3.0 feet apart; very firm; 10 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles and stones; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Aitkin County, Minnesota; 115 feet west and 3,035 feet south of the northeast corner of Sec. 27, T.43N., R.23W. USGS Kroschel NW, Minn. Quadrangle, lat. 46 degrees 10 minutes 46 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 13 minutes 15 seconds W., NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to a densic contact with very firm dense glacial till is 40 to 80 inches. Rock fragments range from 0 to 10 percent in the upper loamy material including 0 to 2 percent cobbles and 0 to 1 percent stones and from 1 to 15 percent in the dense glacial till including 0 to 5 percent cobbles, and 0 to 1 percent stones. The depth to free carbonates is more than 80 inches.
The Oa or Oe horizon has hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 2 to 4 and chroma of 1 to 4. It is muck or mucky peat. It is very strongly acid to slightly acid.
The A horizon has hue of 2.5Y to 7.5YR or is neutral, with value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 0 to 2. This horizon has redoximorphic features in some pedons. It is loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam or silt loam, or their mucky analogues. It is very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The Eg horizon has hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 1 or 2. Redoximorphic features are usually present. It is fine sandy loam, loam, sandy loam or silt loam. It is very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The upper Bg or Bw horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 1 or 4. It has distinct or prominent redoximorphic features. Some pedons have a Bt or Btg horizon that lacks the criteria for an argillic horizon. The lower Bw horizon has hue of 10YR to 5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 3 to 6. Bg and Bw horizons have fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam or silt loam. Reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The 2Bw horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam or their gravelly analogues. It is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The 2BC horizon has hue or 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 3 to 6 and chroma or 2 to 6. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam or their gravelly analogues. It is moderately acid to neutral.
The 2BCd horizon has hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 3 to 6 and chroma of 2 to 6. It is fine sandy loam or sandy loam or their gravelly analogues. This horizon is restrictive to root penetration except in fractures. Reaction is moderately acid to neutral.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the
Bugcreek (T) series. Bugcreek soils have more than 10 percent rock fragments in the upper third of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Giese soils have plane or concave slopes in depressions or on broad flats on moraines. Slopes are 0 to 1 percent. This soil formed in a loamy mantle over very firm dense glacial till. The till is from the Superior Lobe of the Late Wisconsinan glaciation. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 37 to 42 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 24 to 33 inches. The frost free season ranges from 90 to 145 days. The elevation ranges from 1000 to 1600 feet above sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are
Ahmeek,
Automba,
Brennyville,
Canosia (T),
Freer,
Hermantown,
Milaca,
Mora,
Normanna (T),
Ronneby and
Twig soils. Ahmeek, Automba, Brennyville, Hermantown, Milaca, Mora, Normanna, and Ronneby soils are all on higher better drained landscape positions. The poorly drained Canosia soils are slightly higher lying and have a thinner upper dark layer. The poorly drained Freer soils are on slightly higher landscape positions and have a silt cap. The very poorly drained Twig soils have an organic layer 8 to 15 inches thick.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Surface runoff is very low or ponded. Permeability is moderate in the upper loamy material and very slow in the dense till. Ponding is occasional or frequent. Depth to perched seasonal high saturation is at the surface for some time from January to December during most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas have a native vegetation of lowland hardwoods and aspen or have a cover of sedges and willows. Some are in pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern and East-central Minnesota and Northwestern Wisconsin. Inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Aitkin County Minnesota, 1995.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from 1 to 11 inches (A and Eg horizons); Cambic horizon - the zone from 11 to 36 inches (Bg1, Bg2, and 2Bw horizons); aquic moisture regime - low chroma below the A horizon; Densic contact at 70 inches where the soil material is dense glacial till.
This soil was first proposed as Mollic Epiaqualfs.
This reddish parent material does not show low chroma colors typical of reducing conditions. 2/10/2011-TYPE LOCATION error was corrected.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station's Central File Code number 4697 for results of laboratory analysis for the typical pedon. Soil Interpretation Record Number MN0709.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.