LOCATION HACKLEMAN OR

Tentative Series
JMM/KLM/KMS
03/2015

HACKLEMAN SERIES

The Hackleman Series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in volcanic ash over residuum and colluvium derived from welded tuff or basalt. Hackleman soils are on hills, and lava plateaus. Slopes are 0 to 35 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 280 mm and the mean annual temperature is 7 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Vitritorrandic Argixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Hackleman ashy sandy loam - rangeland, on a three percent slope at an elevation of 1260 meters. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

A -- 0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) ashy sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), moist; moderate fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; many very fine roots throughout; many very fine pores; 5 percent gravels; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 18 cm thick)

AB -- 10 to 26 cm (4 to 10 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) ashy sandy loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3), moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; common very fine roots throughout; common fine pores; 5 percent gravels; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 18 cm thick)

2Bt -- 26 to 54 cm (10 to 22 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4), moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; few fine pores; common distinct clay films on all faces of peds; 15 percent gravels and 2 percent cobbles; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear wavy boundary. (20 to 31 cm thick)

2Btk -- 54 to 61 cm (22 to 24 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3), moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few very fine roots throughout; few very fine pores; many prominent clay films on all faces of peds; many coarse distinct weakly cemented carbonate masses on bottom of rock fragments; 40 percent gravels and 2 percent cobbles; slightly alkaline (pH 7.7); clear wavy boundary. (22 to 43 cm thick)

2R -- 61 cm (24 inches); welded tuff bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION: Crook County, Oregon; located about 17 miles southeast of the town of Paulina; 780 feet south and 1800 feet east of the northwest corner of section 21, T. 19 S., R. 22 E. Sand Hollow 7.5' USGS Quad.

Latitude: 43.913945
Longitude: -120.091228
Datum: WGS84

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: Usually dry in all parts for one-half to three-fourths of the time when the soil temperature is above 5 degrees Celsius. Aridic soil moisture regime bordering on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 5 to 8 degrees C
Depth to lithic contact: 50 to 100 cm
Thickness of mollic epipedon: 18 to 60 cm
Reaction: neutral or slightly alkaline, usually increasing with depth

Estimated properties of ash influenced layer:
>Volcanic glass content: 5 to 20 percent
>Acid oxalate Al + 1/2Fe: 0.2 to 0.4 percent

Particle Size Control Section:
>Clay Content: 18 to 35 percent
>Total Rock Fragment Content: 5 to 35 percent, rock fragments typically increase with depth.

A horizon
Value: 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3 moist, 2 or 3 dry
Fine earth texture: ashy very fine sandy loam, ashy fine sandy loam or ashy loam
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Total Fragments: 0 to 20 percent
Gravel content: 0 to 15 percent
Cobble content: 0 to 5 percent

AB horizon
Value: 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3 moist, 2 or 3 dry
Fine earth texture: ashy very fine sandy loam, ashy fine sandy loam or ashy loam
Clay content: 15 to 25 percent
Total Fragments:0 to 20 percent
Gravel content: 0 to 20 percent
Cobble content: 0 to 5 percent

2Bt horizon
Value: 3 or 4 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 2 to 4 moist, 2 to 4 dry
Fine earth texture: loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Total Fragments: 0 to 25 percent
Gravel content: 5 to 25 percent
Cobble content: 0 to 15 percent

2Btk horizon
Value: 3 or 4 moist, 4 or 5 dry
Chroma: 2 to 4 moist, 2 to 4 dry
Fine earth texture: loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 38 percent
Total Fragments: 5 to 45 percent
Gravel content: 5 to 40 percent
Cobble content: 0 to 25 percent

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Dester, Littlegrass, and Whiskeyrun series.
Dester soils contain very coarse ashy sandy loam and coarse ashy sandy loams textures with paragravel pumice fragments in the volcanic ash influenced layers. Littlegrass and Whiskeyrun soils are greater than 100 cm to lithic contact.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hackleman soils are on hills, and lava plateaus. This soil formed in volcanic ash over residuum and colluvium derived from welded tuff or basalt. Slopes are 0 to 35 percent. Elevations range from 1,150 to 1,300 m (3,800 to 4,300 ft). Mean annual precipitation is 250 mm to 330 mm (10 to 13 in), and the mean annual temperature is 5 to 8 degrees C (41 to 47 F) . The frost free period is 50 to 90 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Carryback, Connleyhills, Embal, Goodtack, Ninemile series. Carryback soils average greater than 35 percent clay in the control section and occur on plateaus. Connleyhills soils are clayey-skeletal and occur on hillslopes and plateaus. Embal soils occur on swales and are greater than 150cm to bedrock. Goodtack soils are shallow to duripan. Ninemile soils are shallow to lithic contact.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Hackleman soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Native vegetation is bluebunch wheatgrass, Idaho fescue, Thurber's needlegrass, Sandberg bluegrass, basin big sagebrush, and Wyoming big sagebrush. The typical ecological site is Droughty Loam 11-13 PZ (R023XY316OR).

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Oregon, MLRA D-23. These soils are not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon.

SERIES PROPOSED: Crook County Area, Oregon, 2013.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 61 cm
Argillic horizon: 26 to 61 cm (2Bt and 2Btk horizons)
Particle-size control section: 26 to 61 cm (2Bt and 2Btk horizons)
Lithic contact: 61 cm
Vitritorrandic feature: 0 to 26 cm (A and AB horizons) has 5 to 20 percent glass and ammonium oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half the iron is 0.2 to 0.4 percent.
Soil moisture regime: Aridic bordering on xeric.

02/2015: The Hackleman soil was created to describe the ash influenced surface layers not recognized by the Reluctan soil mapped in the same area. Further investigation may be needed to determine if Reluctan soils have ash influenced surface layers that have not been described.
The coordinates were recorded with a GPS unit and the PLSS details were measured in ArcGIS from the coordinates.
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.