LOCATION HADDEN UT
Established Series
IRD/CW/JWB
04/2011
HADDEN SERIES
The Hadden series consists of moderately deep, well drained, slowly permeable soils that formed in slope alluvium and residuum derived mainly from shale and interbedded sandstone. Hadden soils are on fan pediments and fan terraces of cuestas and structural benches. Slopes range from 1 to 25 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 18 centimeters and the mean annual temperature is about 9.5 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Natrargids
TYPICAL PEDON: Hadden gravelly very fine sandy loam, on an east facing, 1 percent slope in rangeland at an elevation of 1,731 meters. (Colors are for air-dry soil unless otherwise stated.) The surface is covered with about 30 percent sedimentary gravel.
A--0 to 5 cm; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) very gravelly fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; 70 percent sand; 24 percent silt; 6 percent clay; moderate medium platy structure; very friable, soft, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine and common very fine roots; common medium and fine tubular and vesicular pores; 36 percent gravel; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 15 centimeters thick)
Btn--5 to 13 cm; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; 45 percent sand; 29 percent silt; 26 percent clay; strong fine granular structure; friable, slightly hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common medium, fine and very fine roots; common fine tubular pores; clay films; 2 percent gravel; strongly effervescent, carbonates are finely disseminated; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.1); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 20 centimeters thick)
Btkn--13 to 41 cm; 60 percent light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) and 40 percent white (5YR 8/1) clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; 42 percent sand; 24 percent silt; 34 percent clay; strong medium prismatic structure parting to strong medium subangular blocky structure; very firm, extremely hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; common medium, fine and very fine roots; common fine tubular pores; few continuous clay films on all faces of peds; 1 percent gravel; strongly effervescent, common medium and fine carbonate masses on vertical faces of peds and common carbonate coats on surfaces along pores, carbonates are finely disseminated in matrix; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (13 to 30 centimeters thick)
Btkny--41 to 61 cm; light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) clay, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; 36 percent sand; 23 percent silt; 41 percent clay; moderate medium prismatic structure; firm, hard, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; few medium, fine and very fine roots; few fine tubular pores; 2 percent patchy clay films on all faces of peds and on surfaces along pores; 30 percent fine gypsum crystals; 14 percent gravel; strongly effervescent, common fine carbonate masses, carbonates are finely disseminated in matrix; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 12 centimeters thick)
2Bkny--61 to 94 cm; 70 percent pink (5YR 8/4) and 30 percent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) gravelly sandy clay loam, light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) moist; 63 percent sand; 14 percent silt; 23 percent clay; massive; friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few medium, fine and very fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common fine gypsum crystals; 28 percent gravel; strongly effervescent, few fine carbonate masses, carbonates are finely disseminated in matrix; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary.
3Cr--94 to 119 cm; weathered gypsiferous shale bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Emery County, Utah; about 14.5 kilometers east of Castle Dale; located about 50 feet north and 50 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 6, T. 19 S., R. 10 E. Salt Lake Meridian; lat. 39 degrees 11 minutes 30 seconds N. and long. 110 degrees 51 minutes 1 second W., NAD27
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section is affected by precipitation that peaks from July to October and falls evenly throughout the remainder of the rear; typic aridic moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8.3 to 12.8 degrees C.
Depth to paralithic contact: 51 to 102 centimeters to lithologically discontinuous bedrock
Depth to calcic horizon: 13 to 26 centimeters
Depth to natric horizon: 5 to 13 centimeters
Depth to first lithologic discontinuity: 41 to 61 inches
Thickness of calcic horizon: 35 to 48 centimeters
Thickness of natric horizon: 35 to 56 centimeters
Thickness of material in first lithologic discontinuity: 22 to 33 centimeters
Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent, dominantly gravel and up to 10 percent cobbles
A horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: very gravelly fine sandy loam, gravelly loam
Clay content: 5 to 27 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 2 percent
Rock fragments: 15 to 40 percent, dominantly gravel; up to 5 percent cobbles
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 10 percent
EC (mmhos/cm): 2 to 8
SAR: 5 to 12
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
Btn horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 to 8 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: loam, clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Carbonate clay content: 0 to 5 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 2 to 15 percent
EC (mmhos/cm): 2 to 8
SAR: 13 to 30
Reaction: strongly alkaline or very strongly alkaline
2Btkn, Btkny horizons
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 to 8 dry; 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: clay loam, clay
Clay content: 27 to 45 percent
Carbonate clay content:<p> 3 to 8 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 10 to 30 percent
Gypsum content: 0 to 5 percent
Electrical conductivity: 2 to 16 mmhos/cm
Sodium adsorption ratio: 20 to 50
Reaction: moderately alkaline to very strongly alkaline
2Bkny horizons
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 to 8 dry; 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: gravelly sandy clay loam, gravelly clay loam
Clay content: 20 to 35 percent
Carbonate clay content: 1 to 7 percent
Rock fragment content, total: 15 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent gravel
Pararock fragments: 0 to 20 percent parachanners
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 30 percent
Gypsum content: 1 to 5 percent
Electrical conductivity: 8 to 16 mmhos/cm
Sodium adsorption ratio: 15 to 50
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline
Other features: few to common thin to moderately thick clay films lining faces of peds and pores in Btn horizons. Few to common, fine to medium soft masses of calcium carbonate occurring in discontinuous seams and in ped interiors in Bk horizons.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Azabache,
Fajada,
Highrock,
Homko,
Leebench,
Leeko,
Muff,
Pizene,
Recapture,
Rusty,
Swasey,
Terlco,
Thermosprings, and
Uffens series. Azabache, Highrock, Homko, Leebench, Leeko, Pizene, Recapture, Rusty, Thermosprings, and Uffens soils are greater than 40 inches deep. Fajada soils have more than 5% gypsum below the natric horizon. Swasey soils do not have a calcic horizon and formed in residuum from basalt. Muff soils are moist in some part of the moisture control section during early and mid summer and do not have a calcic horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: slope alluvium over residuum derived from thinly interbedded calcareous shale and sandstone
Landform: fan pediments and fan terraces on cuestas and structural benches
Slopes: 1 to 25 percent
Elevation: 1,280 to 1,890 meters.
Mean annual temperature: 7.2 to 11.7 degrees C.
Mean annual precipitation: 152 to 229 millimeters
[W4]Frost-free period: 120 to 170 days
Other: The climate is warm, arid with hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Casmos,
Greybull and
Bributte soils. Casmos soils are less than 51 centimeters deep to sandstone. Bributte soils are less than 51 cm deep to weathered shale. Greybull soils do not have a natric horizon.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained, medium to rapid runoff, slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The potential vegetation is galleta, Indian ricegrass, shadscale, wedgeleaf saltbush and bud sagebrush. At the type location it is correlated to Desert Alkali Bench (Castlevalley Saltbush) R034BY101UT ecological site.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern Utah. MLRA 34B. The series is extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Emery County Area, 2011. The name is from Hadden Holes, a spring about 47 kilometers SW of the type location. Locally pronounced Hay'-den.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Series control section: The zone from 0 to 119 centimeters.
Ochric epipedon: The zone from 0 to 5 centimeters. (A horizon)
Natric horizon: The zone from 5 to 61 centimeters. (Bn horizons)
Calcic horizon: The zone from 13 to 61 centimeters. (Bk horizons)
Lithologic discontinuity: at 61 centimeters (2B horizon) and 94 centimeters (3C horizon)
Paralithic contact: The contact with weathered shale at 94 centimeters. (3Cr horizon)
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by lab sample number 84UT-015-002.
Taxonomic Version: Eleventh Edition, 2010
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.