LOCATION HAMMONASSET CT

Established Series
Revised DCP-BEF-CEP
10/2024

HAMMONASSET SERIES

MLRA(s)--144A, 145
Depth class--Very deep
Drainage Class--Very poorly drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity--Low to high
Surface Runoff--Negligible
Parent material--Herbaceous organic material
Slope range for series--0 to 2 percent
Mean annual air temperature--10 degrees C (50 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--1295 millimeters (51 inches)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Euic, mesic Typic Sulfisaprists

TYPICAL PEDON: Hammonasset mucky peat on a linear, zero percent slope in a tidal marsh. Tidal range is 194 centimeters. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).

Oese--0 to 33 centimeters (0 to 13 inches); very dark brown (10YR 2/2) mucky peat, very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) rubbed; 50 percent unrubbed fibers, 30 percent rubbed fibers; H3 von Post humification; many very fine, fine, and medium, few coarse roots throughout; 10 percent mineral soil material; negative color change with 3% hydrogen peroxide; slight effervescence with 30% hydrogen peroxide; moderately saline; extremely acid (pH 3.8), extremely acid (pH 3.8) oxidized pH; clear boundary. (0 to 56 centimeters thick.)

Oase1--33 to 108 centimeters (13 to 43 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) muck, black (10YR 2/1) rubbed; 25 percent unrubbed fibers, 12 percent rubbed fibers; H8 von Post humification; common very fine and fine roots throughout; 5 percent mineral soil material; slight sulfurous odor; negative color change with 3% hydrogen peroxide; slight effervescence with 30% hydrogen peroxide; moderately saline; slightly acid (pH 6.2), extremely acid (pH 3.8) oxidized pH; gradual boundary.

Oase2--108 to 200 centimeters (43 to 79 inches); very dark gray (2.5Y 3/1) muck; 10 percent unrubbed fibers, 3 percent rubbed fibers; H9 von Post humification; few fine roots throughout; 40 percent mineral soil material; slight sulfurous odor; negative color change with 3% hydrogen peroxide; slight effervescence with 30% hydrogen peroxide; moderately saline; ultra acid (pH 3.0), ultra acid (pH 3.0) oxidized pH. (Combined thickness of Oase horizons is 132 to 200 centimeters thick.).

TYPE LOCATION: Middlesex County, Connecticut; Hammock River Marsh Wildlife Area, approximately 540 feet northeast (73 degree bearing) of intersection of E Main Street and Meadow Road in Clinton, CT. USGS topographic quadrangle: Clinton, CT.

Latitude--41.2716020
Longitude-- -72.5003911
Datum--WGS84
Coordinates source--from hand-held GPS

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to bedrock--Greater than 200 centimeters
Soil moisture--Saturated; peraquic moisture regime
Reaction throughout--Ultra acid to neutral (pH <3.5 to 7.3)
Oxidized reaction--Ultra acid to slightly acid (pH <3.5 to 6.5)
Electrical Conductivity (EC 1:5 water)--Greater than 0.6 dS/m throughout
Depth to hypersulfidic materials (incubated pH 4.0 or less)--0 to 100 centimeters
Total Soil Organic Carbon Stock--65 to 106 kg m-2

Oase horizon
Hue--2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value--2 to 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--Muck
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--28 to 74 kg m-3
Rubbed fiber content--1 to 15 percent
Von Post humification--H7to H10
Mineral soil content--0 to 70 percent

Oese (where present)
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value--2 to 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--Mucky peat
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--28 to 74 kg m-3
Rubbed fiber content--18 to 38 percent
Von Post humification scale-H4 to H6
Mineral soil content--8 to 50 percent

Oise horizon (where present)
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or 10Y
Value--2 to 3
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--Peat
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--28 to 74 kg m-3
Rubbed fiber content--40 to 75 percent
Von Post humification scale--H1 to H3
Mineral soil content--5 to 10 percent

Aseg horizon (where present)
Hue--N
Value--2.5
Chroma--0
Texture--mucky silt loam
Manner of failure / fluidity class--moderately fluid
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--26 to 55 kg m-3

2Cseg or 2Cse (where present)
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, 10Y, 5GY, or 10BG
Value--2 to 4
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--fine sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam and their mucky analogs
Unrubbed fiber content--0 to 35 percent
Manner of failure / fluidity class--nonfluid to moderately fluid
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--26 to 55 kg m-3
Coarse fragments--0 to 12 percent, by volume, fine and medium gravels

COMPETING SERIES:
There are no competing series in the same family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--herbaceous organic material sometimes underlain by coarse-loamy estuarine deposits
Landscape--Coastal estuaries, coastal lowlands, and tidal rivers
Landform--Tidal marshes
Slope--0 to 2 percent
Mean annual precipitation--754 to 1826 millimeters (40 to 52 inches)
Mean annual air temperature-6.4to 16.2 degrees C (39.2 to 55.4 degrees F)
Water salinity range--18 to 30 parts per thousand
Frost-free period--180 to 204 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the Barn Island, Calves, Ipswich, Pawcatuck, Quinnipiac, and Westbrook soils.
Barn Island soils--formed in sapric dominated organic soil materials over loamy mineral soil materials.
Calves soils--formed in loamy estuarine deposits overlying loamy or sandy alluvium and have a histic epipedon
Ipswich soils--formed in thick deposits of hemic dominated organic soil materials.
Pawcatuck soils--formed in hemic organic soil materials over sandy mineral soil materials.
Quinnipiac soils--formed in loamy alluvium and do not have thick organic soil materials.
Westbrook soils--formed in hemic dominated organic soil materials over loamy mineral soil materials.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--Very poorly drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--Low to high
Soil moisture regime--Peraquic
Flooded twice daily by tides in addition to periodic riverine flooding at times.

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses--Most areas are in salt marsh and provide food and habitat for fish, shellfish and wildfowl.
Vegetation--Phragmites australis, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens, and Salicornia spp. may occur on these soils.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area--These soils are located along the Connecticut coast.
Land Resource Regions--R - Northeastern Forage and Forest Region
MLRA(s)--144A, 145
Extent--Small

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: SPECIAL PROJECTS OFFICE

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Middlesex County, Connecticut, 2024.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include--
Peraquic feature--Zero or positive soil water potential at the soil surface.
Particle-size control section--The zone from 0 to 130 centimeters.
Hemic soil materials--The zone from 0 to 33 centimeters (Oese horizon).
Sapric soil materials--The zone from 33 to 200 centimeters (Oase horizons).
Hypersulfidic materials--The zone from 0 to 200 centimeters (Oese and Oase horizons) have oxidized reactions with pH values less than 4.0 after 16 weeks.
Taxonomic version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 13th edition (2022)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Type location taken from S2023CT007348 in Hammock River Marsh Wildlife Area, Clinton, CT.

Additional support pedons used to develop this series include S2023CT007220, S2023CT007228, S2023CT007243, S2023CT007340, S2023CT007356, S2023CT009243, S2023CT009248, S2023CT011201, S2023CT011226, and S2023CT011279.
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.