LOCATION HAMMONASSET CT

Established Series
Revised DCP-BEF-CEP
12/2024

HAMMONASSET SERIES

MLRA(s)--144A, 145
Depth class--Very deep
Drainage Class--Very poorly drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity--Low to high
Surface Runoff--Negligible
Parent material--Herbaceous organic material
Slope range for series--0 to 2 percent
Mean annual air temperature--10 degrees C (50 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation--1295 millimeters (51 inches)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Euic, mesic Typic Sulfisaprists

TYPICAL PEDON: Hammonasset mucky peat on a linear, zero percent slope in a tidal marsh. Tidal range is 194 centimeters. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated).

Oise--0 to 55 centimeters; dark brown (10YR 3/3) peat, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) rubbed; 60 percent unrubbed fibers, 60 percent rubbed fibers; H3 von Post humification; many very fine, fine, and common medium roots throughout; slight sulfurous odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; moderately saline; extremely acid (pH 3.8), extremely acid (pH 3.8) oxidized pH; clear boundary. (0 to 56 centimeters thick.)

Oase1--55 to 90 centimeters; black (7.5YR 2.5/1) muck, black (10YR 2/1) rubbed; 30 percent unrubbed fibers, 14 percent rubbed fibers; H8 von Post humification; common very fine and fine roots throughout; moderate sulfurous odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; moderately saline; strongly acid (pH 5.4), extremely acid (pH 3.5) oxidized pH; gradual boundary.

Oase2--90 to 200 centimeters; black (10YR 2/1) muck; black (10YR 2/1) rubbed; 25 percent unrubbed fibers, 12 percent rubbed fibers; H9 von Post humification; moderate sulfurous odor; slight effervescence with 30 percent hydrogen peroxide; moderately acid; (pH 6.0), ultra acid (pH 3.4) oxidized pH. (Combined thickness of Oase horizons is 132 to 200 centimeters thick)

TYPE LOCATION: New London County, Connecticut; Mystic River, approximately 2,860 feet southeast of the intersection of route 184 and Welles Road and approximately 3,412 feet south-southwest of the road intersections of River Road and Old Mystic Center Road in Mystic, CT. USGS topographic quadrangle: Old Mystic, CT.

Latitude--41.382603
Longitude-- -71.966061
Datum--WGS84
Coordinates source--from hand-held GPS

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to bedrock--Greater than 200 centimeters
Soil moisture--Saturated; peraquic moisture regime
Reaction throughout--Ultra acid to neutral (pH <3.5 to 7.3)
Oxidized reaction--Ultra acid to slightly acid (pH <3.5 to 6.5)
Electrical Conductivity (EC 1:5 water)--Greater than 0.6 dS/m throughout
Depth to hypersulfidic materials (incubated pH 4.0 or less)--0 to 100 centimeters
Total Soil Organic Carbon Stock--65 to 106 kg m-2

Oase horizon
Hue--2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y
Value--2 to 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--Muck
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--28 to 74 kg m-3
Rubbed fiber content--1 to 15 percent
Von Post humification scale--H7 to H10
Mineral soil content--0 to 70 percent

Oese (where present)
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y
Value--2 to 3
Chroma--1 or 2
Texture--Mucky peat
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--28 to 74 kg m-3
Rubbed fiber content--18 to 38 percent
Von Post humification scale--H4 to H6
Mineral soil content--8 to 50 percent

Oise horizon
Hue--7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or 10Y
Value--2 to 3
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--Peat
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--28 to 74 kg m-3
Rubbed fiber content--40 to 75 percent
Von Post humification scale--H1 to H3
Mineral soil content--5 to 10 percent

Aseg horizon (where present)
Hue--N
Value--2.5
Chroma--0
Texture--mucky silt loam
Manner of failure / fluidity class--moderately fluid
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--26 to 55 kg m-3

2Cseg or 2Cse (where present)
Hue--10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, 10Y, 5GY, or 10BG
Value--2 to 4
Chroma--1 to 3
Texture--fine sand, loamy fine sand, sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam and their mucky analogs
Unrubbed fiber content--0 to 35 percent
Manner of failure / fluidity class--nonfluid to moderately fluid
Horizon Organic Carbon Density--26 to 55 kg m-3
Coarse fragments--0 to 12 percent, by volume, fine and medium gravels

COMPETING SERIES:
There are no competing series in the same family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--herbaceous organic material sometimes underlain by coarse-loamy estuarine deposits
Landscape--Coastal estuaries, coastal lowlands, and tidal rivers
Landform--Tidal marshes
Slope--0 to 2 percent
Mean annual precipitation--754 to 1826 millimeters (40 to 52 inches)
Mean annual air temperature-6.4to 16.2 degrees C (39.2 to 55.4 degrees F)
Water salinity range--18 to 30 parts per thousand
Frost-free period--180 to 204 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the Barn Island, Calves, Ipswich, Pawcatuck, Quinnipiac, and Westbrook soils.
Barn Island soils--formed in sapric dominated organic soil materials over loamy mineral soil materials.
Calves soils--formed in loamy estuarine deposits overlying loamy or sandy alluvium and have a histic epipedon
Ipswich soils--formed in thick deposits of hemic dominated organic soil materials.
Pawcatuck soils--formed in hemic organic soil materials over sandy mineral soil materials.
Quinnipiac soils--formed in loamy alluvium and do not have thick organic soil materials.
Westbrook soils--formed in hemic dominated organic soil materials over loamy mineral soil materials.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--Very poorly drained
Saturated hydraulic conductivity--Low to high
Soil moisture regime--Peraquic
Flooded twice daily by tides in addition to periodic riverine flooding at times.

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses--Most areas are in salt marsh and provide food and habitat for fish, shellfish and wildfowl.
Vegetation--Phragmites australis, Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens, and Salicornia spp. may occur on these soils.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area--These soils are located along the Connecticut coast.
Land Resource Regions--R - Northeastern Forage and Forest Region
MLRA(s)--144A, 145
Extent--Small

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: SPECIAL PROJECTS OFFICE

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Middlesex County, Connecticut, 2024.

REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include--
Peraquic feature--Zero or positive soil water potential at the soil surface.
Particle-size control section--The zone from 0 to 130 centimeters.
Fibric soil materials--The zone from 0 to 55 centimeters (Oise horizon).
Sapric soil materials--The zone from 55 to 200 centimeters (Oase horizons).
Hypersulfidic materials--The zone from 0 to 200 centimeters (Oise and Oase horizons) have oxidized reactions with pH values less than 4.0 after 16 weeks.
Taxonomic version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 13th edition (2022)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Type location taken from S2023CT011279 in a tidal marsh adjacent to the Mystic River in Mystic, CT.

Additional support pedons used to develop this series include S2023CT007220, 2023CT007228, S2023CT007243, 2023CT007340, 2023CT007356, 2023CT009243, 2023CT009248, S2023CT011201, and 2023CT011226.
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.