LOCATION HANALEI HI
Established Series
Rev. CWS/SN/HI/MRK
05/2012
HANALEI SERIES
The Hanalei series consists of somewhat poorly drained to poorly drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from basic igneous rock. Hanalei soils are on bottom lands and have slopes of 0 to 6 percent. The mean annual rainfall is about 2032 millimeters (80 inches) and the mean annual temperature is about 22 degrees C. (72 degrees F.)
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Very-fine, mixed, semiactive, nonacid, isohyperthermic Typic Endoaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Hanalei silty clay - pasture. (Colors are for moist soil. All textures are "apparent field textures".)
Apg--0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches); dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay, common distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4), red (2.5YR 5/6) and dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) mottles; weak coarse and medium granular structure; very hard, firm, sticky and plastic; many fine and medium roots; many fine and medium pores; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (10 to 15 centimeters {4 to 6 inches} thick)
Ag1--15 to 25 centimeters (6 to 10 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay; many distinct dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4), yellowish red (5YR 4/6), brown (7.5YR 4/4) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure; very hard, firm sticky and plastic; many fine and medium roots; common fine and medium pores; strongly acid (pH 5.2); gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 13 centimeters {3 to 5 inches} thick)
Ag2--25 to 33 centimeters (10 to 13 inches); mixed very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay; many distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6), and dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure; very hard, firm sticky and plastic; common medium and fine roots; many fine and medium pores; slightly acid (pH 6.5); gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 10 centimeters {2 to 4} inches thick)
Bg1--33 to 46 centimeters (13 to 18 inches); mixed dark gray (10YR 4/1) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; many distinct strong brown and dark red (2.5YR 3/6) mottles; massive, and a few pockets of weak medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few medium and fine roots; many fine and medium pores; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 18 centimeters {4 to 7 inches} thick)
Bg2--46 to 66 centimeters {18 to 26 inches}; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; many distinct dark red (2.5YR 3/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium angular blocky; slightly hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few medium and fine roots; many fine and medium pores; neutral (pH 6.7); gradual smooth boundary. (18 to 23 centimeters {7 to 9 inches} thick)
Cg--66 to 91 centimeters (26 to 36 inches); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silty clay loam; common distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), dark red (2.5YR 3/6) and red (2.5YR 4/6) mottles; massive; slightly hard, friable, sticky and plastic; few medium roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.4).
TYPE LOCATION: Island of Kauai County, Hawaii; 378 meters (1,240 feet) south of the Hanalei River bridge; Hanalei Quadrangle; lat. 22 degrees 12 minutes 38 seconds N. and 159 degrees 28 minutes 47 seconds W. (Old Hawaiian Datum).
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
The mean annual soil temperature is about 23 degrees C. (74 degrees F.)
Depth to the seasonally high water table ranges from 15 centimeters to 152 centimeters (0.5 to 5 feet).
The A horizon
Hue of 10YR or 2.5Y
Value of 3 or 4
Chroma of 1 or 2
It has few, faint to many distinct mottles.
Texture is silty clay or silty clay loam.
The B horizon
Hue of 10YR or 2.5Y
Value of 2 through 4
Chroma of 1 or 2
Mottles in B and C horizons range from few to many.
The C horizon
Can be stratified
Texture is silty clay to clay loam.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hanalei soils are on bottom lands and low terraces along streams. The dominant slope is less than 2 percent. Elevation ranges from near sea level to 91 meters (0 to 300 feet). The soils formed in alluvium from material weathered from basic igneous rock. Mean annual rainfall is 20 to 120 inches. The mean annual temperature is about 23 degrees C. (73 degrees F.), the average January temperature is 21 degrees C. (70 degrees F.), and the average July temperature is 26 degrees C. (78 degrees F.)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing
Haleiwa and Pearl Harbor soils and the
Mokuleia soils. Mokuleia soils are underlain by coral sand at depths of less than 51 centimeters (20 inches).
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly to poorly drained; slow runoff; moderate permeability. The water table is above the C horizon much of the time.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is used for taro (Alocasia spp.), pasture and vegetables. Vegetation on noncultivated areas is californiagrass (Urochloa mutica), sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica), and Java plum (Syzygium cumini).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Islands of Hawaii, Kauai and Oahu, Hawaii. This series is of approximately 8,500 acres in extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Soil Survey of the Territory of Hawaii, 1949. Name is from Hanalei River and valley on Kauai.
REMARKS:
FCC Classification: Cgik.
Edit Log: 12/03 SN. Horizon designations updated.
8/00 SN. Classification changed from Very-fine, oxidic, nonacid, isohyperthermic Tropic Fluvaquents due to changes in Taxonomy.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Hanalei modal NSSL sample S62HI-007-001 (formerly S62Ha-2-1); S62HI-007-006 (formerly S62Ha-2-6).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.