LOCATION HARDOL                  NV

Established Series
Rev. EF/IJR/JVC/JBF
11/2016

HARDOL SERIES

The Hardol series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in residuum and colluvium derived from limestone and dolomite. Hardol soils are on mountains. Slopes are 15 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 640 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 4 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, carbonatic Pachic Calcicryolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Hardol very gravelly silt loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is covered with approximately 20 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles and 2 percent stones. A discontinuous layer about 3 cm thick of slightly decomposed needles, leaves, and twigs is also present.

A--0 to 20 cm; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very gravelly silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine and medium, and common coarse roots; common fine tubular pores; 30 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.7); clear smooth boundary. (8 to 25 cm thick)

Bk1--20 to 30 cm; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very gravelly silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine and medium, and common coarse roots; common fine tubular pores; 40 percent gravel and 2 percent cobbles; few fine concretions of secondary calcium carbonate on bottom of rock fragments; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.7); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 48 cm thick)

Bk2--30 to 84 cm; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) extremely gravelly silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine, medium and common coarse roots; common fine tubular pores; 75 percent gravel, 5 percent cobbles, and 2 percent stones; few fine threads and masses of secondary calcium carbonate and common pendants of secondary calcium carbonate on bottom of rock fragments; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); clear wavy boundary. (13 to 75 cm thick)

Bk3--84 to 152 cm; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) extremely gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common fine and medium and few very fine and coarse roots; many fine tubular and interstitial pores; 60 percent gravel, 20 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; common fine threads and masses of secondary calcium carbonate, common pendants of secondary calcium carbonate on bottom of rock fragments, and common coats on top of rock fragments; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).

TYPE LOCATION: White Pine County, Nevada; about 6 miles east of Lund near Sawmill Canyon in the Egan Range; approximately 1,100 feet south and 1,600 feet west of the northeast corner of section 21, T. 12 N., R. 63 E.; USGS Sawmill Canyon 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 53 minutes 24 seconds N and longitude 114 degrees 53 minutes 48 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.8900000 latitude, -114.8966667 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually moist during late fall through early summer, dry mid-summer through mid-fall; typic xeric soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 3 to 7 degrees C.
Mean summer soil temperature: 6 to 8 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 76 cm or more.
Depth to calcic horizon: 76 to 100 cm.
Calcium carbonate content: 40 to 50 percent in the less than 20 mm fraction.
Organic matter content: 1 to 3 percent.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 20 to 27 percent.
Rock fragments: Averages 60 to 85 percent, mainly gravel with some cobbles and stones. Lithology of rock fragments are limestone or dolomite.

A horizon
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.

Bk1 and Bk2 horizons
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 2 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Structure: Weak to moderate, fine or medium, subangular blocky or massive.
Consistence: Soft to hard dry, very friable or friable moist, nonplastic or slightly plastic wet.
Texture modifier: very gravelly or extremely gravelly.
Reaction: Slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the Bk1 and Bk2 horizons.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 4 to 10 percent in the Bk1 horizon, 10 to 20 percent in the Bk2 horizon of the less than 2 mm fraction.
Identifiable secondary carbonates: Less than 5 percent fine threads and masses in peds and as concretions or pendants on rock fragments

Bk3 horizon
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 2 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist.
Structure: Weak to moderate, fine or medium, subangular blocky or massive.
Consistence: Soft to hard dry, very friable or friable moist, nonplastic or slightly plastic wet.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: Averages 15 to 25 percent in the less than 2 mm fraction.
Identifiable secondary carbonates: 5 to 25 percent fine threads and masses in peds and as concretions or pendants on the bottom of rock fragments.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Coalkiln, Meegero, Wardbay and Zarark series.

Coalkiln soils have mollic epipedons that are 40 to 76 cm thick and have depth to the calcic horizon of 40 to 76 cm. Meegero soils have a mean summer soil temperature of 8 to 10 degrees C. and have mollic epipedons that are 43 to 70 cm thick. Wardbay soils are deep to lithic contacts and have depth to the calcic horizon of 38 to 64 cm. Zarark soils are moderately deep.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hardol soils are on mountains. They typically occur on backslope positions. These soils formed in residuum and colluvium derived from limestone and dolomite. Slopes are 15 to 75 percent. Elevations range from 1,830 to 3,360 meters. The climate is semiarid with cold, moist winters and cool, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 560 to 760 mm, the mean annual temperature is 4 to 6 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 50 to 70 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Haunchee and Hardzem soils. Haunchee soils are shallow to lithic contacts and do not have calcic horizons. Hardzem soils are moderately deep to paralithic contacts, have ochric epipedons and argillic horizons, and have mixed mineralogy.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium or high surface runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Hardol soils are used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is bluebunch wheatgrass, mountain big sagebrush, curlleaf mountainmahogany, and scattered white fir. This pedon is correlated to Ecological Site R028BY043NV, Mahogany Thicket.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Nevada. These soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 28B.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: White Pine County, Nevada (Western Part), 1990.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 152 cm (A, Bk1, Bk2, and Bk3 horizons).
Calcic horizon - The zone from 84 to 152 cm (Bk3 horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (Bk2 and parts of the Bk1 and Bk3 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: A pedon of Hardol has full characterization data by the Soil Survey Laboratory (SSL), Lincoln, NE, as pedon ID 81NV033024 (pedon # 81P0666).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.