LOCATION HARRAH                  OK

Established Series
Rev. CRC:CEW:AMS
03/2021

HARRAH SERIES

The Harrah series consists of soils that are very deep to sandstone bedrock, well drained soils that formed in sandy and loamy colluvium weathered from sandstone of Permian age. Harrah soils are on backslopes and foot slopes of hillslopes on low hills. The slope range is 3 to 45 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 15 degrees C (59 degrees F) and mean annual precipitation is about 860 mm (34 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, active, thermic Ultic Paleustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Harrah fine sandy loam, on a 6 percent convex east facing slope, in a severely eroded field reseeded to native grasses, at an elevation of 344 m (1130 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 23 cm (0 to 9 in); brown (7.5YR 5/2) fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 5 to 25 cm [2 to 10 in])

E--23 to 48 cm (9 to 19 in); light brown (7.5YR 6/4) loamy fine sand, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the E horizon is 0 to 51 cm [0 to 20 in])

Bt1--48 to 86 cm (19 to 34 in); red (2.5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; weak fine blocky structure; hard, firm; common faint clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (25 to 64 cm [10 to 25 in] thick)

Bt2--86 to 132 cm (34 to 52 in); red (2.5YR 5/8) sandy clay loam, red (2.5YR 4/8) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium blocky; hard, firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; about 5 percent by volume uncoated sand grains on vertical faces of peds and in pores; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (30 to 114 cm [12 to 45 in] thick)

Btb1--132 to 193 cm (52 to 76 in); red (2.5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium blocky; hard, firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; about 20 percent by volume of uncoated sand grains on vertical faces of peds and in pores; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 71 cm [0 to 28 in] thick)

Btb2--193 to 218 cm (76 to 86 in); red (2.5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; moderate medium blocky structure; hard, firm; common faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine dark concretions; about 10 percent by volume of uncoated sand grains on vertical faces of peds and in pores; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Cleveland County, Oklahoma; about 10 miles east and 2.6 miles north of U.S. Highway 77 and Robinson Street intersection in Norman; about 2,350 feet south and 900 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 12, T. 9 N., R. 1 W.

USGS Topographic Quadrangle: Franklin, OK
Latitude: 35 degrees, 16 minutes, 11 seconds N
Longitude: 97 degrees, 15 minutes, 41 seconds W

Decimal Degrees:
Latitude: 35.26972222 degrees
Longitude: -97.261388889 degrees
Datum: NAD 83

UTM Easting: 658136.9 m
UTM Northing: 3904340.6 m
UTM Zone: 14N

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth of soil: more than 152 cm (60 in)
Base saturation: sum of cations, 50 to 70 percent in the Bt horizons
Depth to a buried horizon: 76 cm to more than 203 cm (30 to more than 80 in) and averages 142 cm (56 in), but may be absent or below 203 cm (80 in) in some pedons

Ap or A horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, moist
Chroma: 2 to 4 dry, moist
Texture: loamy fine sand or fine sandy loam
Other features: where the texture is loamy fine sand, the combined thickness of the A and E horizons is less than 51 cm (20 in)
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

E horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 5 to 7 dry, moist
Chroma: 4 to 6 dry, moist
Texture: loamy fine sand or fine sandy loam
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

Bt horizon:
Hue: 10R to 5YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, moist
Chroma: 4 to 8 dry, moist
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Skeletans: amount-0 to 20 percent by volume; kind-uncoated sand grains; location-mainly on vertical faces of peds or in old root channels
Redox concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent by volume; size-2 to 76 mm (0.75 to 3 in); kind-iron-manganese concretions; color-shades of brown; boundary-sharp
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

Bt3 and Bt4 horizons (where the Btb horizon is not within a depth of 203 cm [80 in]):
Hue: 10R to 5YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, moist
Chroma: 4 to 8 dry, moist
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Skeletans: amount-0 to 20 percent by volume; kind-uncoated sand grains; location-mainly on vertical faces of peds or in old root channels
Redox concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent by volume; size-2 to 76 mm (0.75 to 3 in); kind-iron-manganese concretions; color-shades of brown; boundary-sharp
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

Btb horizon:
Hue: 10R or 2.5YR
Value: 4 to 6 dry, moist
Chroma: 4 to 8 dry, moist
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Skeletans: amount-0 to 40 percent by volume; kind-uncoated sand grains; location-mainly on vertical faces of peds or in old root channels
Redox concentrations: amount-0 to 2 percent by volume; size-2 to 76 mm (0.75 to 3 in); kind-iron-manganese concretions; color-shades of brown; boundary-sharp
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 5 percent by volume; size-2 mm to 76 mm (0.75 to 3 in); kind-barite rosettes, sandstone, or quartzite
Reaction: very strongly acid to neutral

BC horizon (where present, when the Btb horizon is not present above 203 cm [80 in]):
Hue: 2.5YR
Value: 5 dry, moist
Chroma: 6 or 8 dry, moist
Texture: fine sandy loam and less often sandy clay loam
Skeletans: amount-0 to 5 percent by volume; kind-uncoated sand grains; location-mainly on vertical faces of peds or old root channels
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Konsil (MLRA 78C) series in the same family. Soils in similar families in MLRA 84A are the Galey, Gasil, Konawa, Littleaxe, Stephenville, and Weatherford series.
Galey and Gasil soils: have an argillic horizon with hue of 7.5YR or yellower
Konsil soils: have a longer growing season and are warm for longer periods of time
Konawa soils: have an argillic horizon that decreases in clay content from the maximum by 20 percent or more within a depth of 152 cm (60 in), and have mixed mineralogy
Littleaxe, Stephenville and Weatherford soils: have sola less than 150 cm (60 in) to sandstone

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: formed in sandy and loamy colluvium weathered from sandstone of Permian age
Landscape: low hills
Landform: convex hillslopes, backslopes and foot slopes
Slope: 3 to 45 percent
Mean annual temperature: 14 to 18 degrees C (58 to 62 degrees F)
Thornthwaite Annual P-E indices: 48 to 64
Mean annual precipitation: 760 to 1,075 mm (30 to 42 in)
Frost-free period: 190 to 220 days
Elevation: 213 to 457 m (699 to 1,499 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the similar Littleaxe and Stephenville series and Darnell, Darsil, Newalla, Pulaski, and Tribbey series.
Darnell and Darsil soils: are mainly on shoulders of hillslopes, do not have an argillic horizon and are less than 51 cm (20 in) thick over sandstone
Littleaxe and Stephenville soils: are on higher positions
Newalla soils: occur on similar positions, have an abrupt texture change between the A and Bt horizons, and have a fine control section
Pulaski and Tribbey soils: are on flood plains and have a coarse-loamy control sections

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: well
Saturated hydraulic conductivity: moderately high
Runoff: low on 3 to 5 percent slopes, medium on 5 to 20 percent slopes and high on slopes greater than 20 percent

USE AND VEGETATION: Used mainly as rangeland or improved pasture. Some areas are cultivated, wheat and grain sorghum are the main crops. The native vegetation is Savannah consisting of post oak, blackjack oak, eastern red cedar, oak, and hickory with an understory of mid and tall grasses, primarily big bluestem and little bluestem.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area: central Oklahoma
Land Resource Region J-Southwestern Prairies Cotton and Forage Region
MLRA 84A-Northern Cross Timbers
Extent: moderate

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Payne County, Oklahoma; 1983 by J.E. Henley. This series was named after a town in eastern Oklahoma County.

REMARKS:
These soils were formerly included in the Dougherty, Konawa, and Stephenville series in earlier surveys.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 48 cm (0 to 19 in) (Ap and E horizons)
Argillic horizon: 48 to 218 cm (19 to 86 in) (Bt horizons)

ADDITIONAL DATA: Kellogg Soil Survey Lab. Lab No. 88OK03701 and 88OK03702. Laboratory data is available from Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma. Sample No. 78-OK-14-31 (1-8).

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.