LOCATION HASSMAN MN
Established Series
Rev. PRCN-MAK-ROP
01/2011
HASSMAN SERIES
The Hassman series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils. They formed in clayey and silty lacustrine sediments on glacial lake plains. Permeability is slow. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 27 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 42 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, nonacid, frigid Vertic Endoaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Hassman muck with slope of less than 1 percent under native grasses. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)
Oa--0 to 4 inches; black (10YR 2/1) muck; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
A--4 to 8 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; moderately plastic and moderately sticky, wet; many fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (2 to 5 inches thick)
Bg--8 to 26 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure that parts to weak fine subangular blocky; very plastic and very sticky, wet; common fine roots in upper part, few in lower part; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (15 to 35 inches thick)
BCg--26 to 45 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure that parts to weak fine subangular blocky; very plastic and very sticky, wet; few fine roots; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (6 to 20 inches thick)
Cg--45 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and light gray (2.5Y 7/2) silty clay loam; massive; moderately plastic and moderately sticky, wet; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) Fe concentrations; few medium rounded white (2.5Y 8/2) soft masses of calcium carbonate; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Aitkin County, Minnesota; about 4 miles east of Hassman; 1800 feet north and 300 feet east of the southwest corner of Section 33, T. 48 N., R. 25 W.; USGS Hassman, Minn. Quadrangle; Latitude 46 degrees 35 minutes 59 seconds N., and Longitude 93 degrees 31 minutes 36 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to free carbonates ranges from 22 to 45 inches. The particle-size control section averages 2 to 15 percent fine sand or coarser. The estimated linear extensibility for the 0 to 40 inch depth (1 meter) is 8.3 cm for the typical pedon, but would range from 6 to 9 cm for the series.
The Oa or Oe horizons have hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is muck or mucky peat. It is strongly acid to slighlty acid.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 and chroma of 1 or is neutral, having value of 2. It is mucky silty clay loam, mucky silt loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam. It is strongly acid to slightly acid.
A few pedons have an Eg horizon 1 to 6 inches thick. The Eg horizon has hue of 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is silty clay loam or silt loam. It is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The Bg horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silty clay, silty clay loam or clay. It is strongly acid to neutral.
The Cg horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is moderately alkaline or slightly alkaline. It is slightly effervescent or strongly effervescent. It is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Hassman soils are on plane and concave surfaces of glacial lake plains. Slope gradients are 0 to 1 percent. These soils formed in clayey and silty calcareous sediments. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 25 to 28 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 39 degrees to 44 degrees F. Frost-free days range from 90 to 145. Elevation above sea level ranges from 1200 to 1300 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Brickton,
Dalbo and
Dora soils. The poorly drained Brickton soils and the moderately well drained Dalbo soils are in a hydrosequence with Hassman soils. The very poorly drained Dora soils are organic soils that occupy similar depressions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Permeability is moderately slow to moderately rapid in the upper part and slow in the lower part. Surface runoff is slow to ponded. Depth to an apparent seasonal high water table is as high as +1 to 0.5 foot at some time from October to June in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Native vegetation is water tolerant tres, shrubs and grasses. Some areas are used for hay and pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Minnesota. Inextensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Aitkin County, Minnesota, 1995. The name is taken from an early settlement in Aitkin County.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 8 inches (Oa and A horizons); cambic horizon - the zone from 8 to 26 inches (Bg horizon); vertic subgroup - has an estimated linear extensibility greater than 6 cm; aquic soil moisture condition based on low chroma below the A horizon with redox concentrations. 1/31/2011-TYPE LOCATION error was corrected.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record number is MN0579.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.