LOCATION HAYNER NMEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, mixed, superactive, thermic Ustalfic Petrocalcids
TYPICAL PEDON: Hayner very gravelly loam - rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 3 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very gravelly loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) moist; weak very fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many medium and fine roots; 45 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (2 to 5 inches thick)
BAt--3 to 9 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very gravelly loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky parting to weak very fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; many medium and fine roots; 55 percent gravel; gravel with reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loamy coatings; majority of sand grains have dull coatings of clay and a few appear clean; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
Bt--9 to 15 inches; reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) gravelly clay, dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) moist; ped interiors dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; moderate to strong medium parting to fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine and medium roots; 25 percent gravel; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; ped surfaces very smooth and reflective; gravel and cobble have apparent clay coatings; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 11 inches thick)
Bty--15 to 23 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) very gravelly clay, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; few fine and medium roots; 35 percent gravel; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; gravel and cobble smooth and reflective; scattered lenses of sand sized gypsum crystals 1/8 to 1/4 inch wide, 1 to 4 inches long and 2 to 3 mm thick; lenses commonly in a weakly effervescent clayey matrix; gypsum grains have reflective surfaces, crush easily, are yellow to reddish yellow and not visibly stained with clay; slightly effervescent in some parts; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 11 inches thick)
Bk--23 to 25 inches; white (7.5YR 8/1) calcium carbonate-cemented material, pinkish white (7.5YR 8/2) moist; massive; platy, very hard; calcium carbonate cemented fragments with prominent coatings of reddish yellow (5YR 7/6), reddish yellow (5YR 6/6) moist; reddish colors occur throughout some fragments and in parts of others; plates are weakly laminated in some parts, are discontinuous and dig out rather readily; few roots; 20 percent gravel; loamy material occurs between some plates; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 4 inches thick)
Bkm1--25 to 28 inches; upper 1/2 to 1 inch consists of extremely hard laminae ranging mainly from white (10YR 8/1) to very pale brown (10YR 8/2) or very pale brown (10YR 8/3) moist with few thin laminae slightly darker; overlies 2 to 3 inches of very pale brown (10YR 8/2) or very pale brown (10YR 8/3) moist; very hard; massively cemented material; 55 percent gravel; few pinkish lenses; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (1 to 5 inches thick)
Bkm2--28 to 34 inches; variegated white (10YR 8/1) or very pale brown (10YR 8/3) moist, gravelly material indistinctly banded with white (10YR 8/1); hard to extremely hard; few roots; 45 percent gravel; most gravel have 0.5 to 2 mm. thick coatings of laminar calcium carbonate; light brown bands with about 50 percent gravel, white bands with 15 to 25 percent gravel where bands are relatively thick; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
Bk1--34 to 45 inches; pink (7.5YR 7/4) gravelly sandy loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; finely variegated with reddish brown (5YR 5/4), dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist and white (7.5YR 8/1) or pinkish white (7.5YR 8/2) moist; massive; slightly hard and hard; few fine roots; 25 percent gravel; indistinct banding 1 to 2 inches thick of reddish brown, low calcium carbonate material with light gray calcium carbonate-rich material; small scattered particles, small pockets and lenses of reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) apparent clay coated sand and gravel; gravel commonly have thin, discontinuous, flaky calcium carbonate coatings, mainly on gravel bottoms; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear to gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick)
Bk2--45 to 56 inches; about 70 percent lenses which are white (7.5YR 8/1) or pink (5YR 7/3) very gravelly sandy loam, reddish brown (5YR 5/4) moist; massive; slightly hard to very hard (where calcium carbonate is cemented); 55 percent gravel; gravel separated by calcium carbonate; reddish brown particles in calcium carbonate cement; lenses 1/2 to 2 inches thick and 12 to 30 inches long; about 30 percent lenses which are reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very gravelly sandy loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; massive; compact but looser than white lenses; common discontinuous clay coatings and bridging on and between gravel; few discontinuous thin calcium carbonate coatings on gravel; few fine roots; few black blebs; lenses 1/2 to 1 inch thick, 12 to 24 inches long; slightly and strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear to gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
Bk3--56 to 66 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) very gravelly loamy sand, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; massive; loose; discontinuous (and in pockets continuous) clay films and bridges on sand grains and gravel; 55 percent gravel; small scattered black particles; gravel commonly with loamy sand adhering to tops, thin, discontinuous calcium carbonate coatings on bottoms; about 20 to 40 percent of horizon 1/2 to 2 inches thick, 6 to 18 inches long; pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) calcium carbonate cemented lenses, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; massive; slightly hard and hard; some sand grains separated by calcium carbonate; some parts noneffervescent, most parts slightly or strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline. (0 to 15 inches thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Dona Ana County, (Desert Soil-Geomorphology Project), New Mexico; center of section 12, T.23 S., R.3 E.; 106 degrees 35 minutes 10 seconds west longitude and 32 degrees 20 minutes 50 seconds north latitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: Intermittently moist in some part of the soil moisture control section July through September and December through April. Driest during May and June. Ustic aridic soil moisture regime.
Soil temperature: 59 to 64 degrees F.
Depth to petrocalcic: 20 to 40 inches
Thickness of petrocalcic: 4 to 24 inches
Clay content: 50 to 80 percent
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline
A horizon
Hue: 5YR through 10YR
Value: 3 through 5 dry, 2 through 4 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist
Rock Fragments: 35 to 75 percent by volume
Bt horizon
Hue: 10R through 5YR
Value: 3 through 5 dry, 2 through 4 moist
Chroma: 3 through 6, dry or moist
Rock Fragments: 35 to 75 percent by volume
Bkm horizon
Hue: 5YR through 10YR
Value: 7 through 9 dry, 5 through 7 moist
Chroma: 1 through 4, dry or moist
Rock Fragments: 25 to 75 percent by volume
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hayner soils are on alluvial fans and fan remnants derived from rhyolite. Slopes range from 1 to 12 percent. Elevations range from 5,500 to 6,000 feet. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 12 to 16 inches. The mean annual air temperature ranges from 57 to 63 degrees F. The frost-free period is about 160 to 190 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Baylor, Boracho, Caralampi, Eloma, Limpia, Santo Tomas soils and soils similar to Hayner that have mollic epipedons or have less than 35 percent rock fragments in the particle size control section. Baylor, Boracho and Santo Tomas soils have mollic epipedons. Additionally, the Baylor, Boracho and Santo Tomas soils do not have argillic horizons. Caralampi and Eloma soils do not have petrocalcic horizons. Terino soils are loamy-skeletal.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderate runoff; slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for livestock grazing and wildlife habitat. Vegetation includes snakeweed, mesquite, cholla cactus, black grama, blue grama, sideoats grama, juniper, squawbush and prickly pear cactus.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern New Mexico. The series is of small extent. MLRA is 42.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Dona Ana County, New Mexico, (Desert Project); 1997.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from 0 to 9 inches (A, BAt horizons)
Argillic horizon - The zone from 9 to 23 inches (Bt, Bty horizons)
Petrocalcic horizon - The zone from 25 to 34 inches (Bkm1, Bkm2 horizons)
Calcic horizon - The zone from 34 to 66 inches (Bk1, Bk2, Bk3 horizons)
Classified according to Soil Taxonomy Second Edition, 1999
This series represents an identified soil within the Desert Soil-Geomorphology Project, Las Cruces, New Mexico. The project was a study of soils and geomorphology in an arid and semi-arid environment. The series is extensively referenced in many documents, publications and thesis. Revision outside the project area is discouraged in order to preserve the historical concept for research.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data for a Hayner pedon (S60 (61) NMEX-7-5) adjacent to the typical pedon are on pages 802-805 in Gile, L.H. and R.B. Grossman. 1979. The Desert Project Soil Monograph. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA.