LOCATION HAYPEAK                 NV

Established Series
REV: DJM/TM/CAH/ET
04/2015

HAYPEAK SERIES

The Haypeak series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in colluvium and residuum weathered from limestone and dolomitic limestone. The Haypeak soils are on backslopes and shoulders of mountains. Slopes range from 30 to 75 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 375 millimeters (15 inches) and the mean annual air temperature is about 7 degrees C. (45 degrees F.)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Oxyaquic Haplustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Haypeak very cobbly silt loam on a north-northwest facing aspect (332 degrees), 32 percent slope at an elevation of 3019 meters. When described on 9/8/2007 the soil was slightly moist throughout. Colors are for dry soils unless otherwise noted. The soil surface is covered by 20 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles, 1 percent stones.

A--0 to 7 centimeters (0 to 3 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) very cobbly silt loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; many fine and very fine interstitial pores; 20 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles; very slightly effervescent (5 percent calcium carbonate equivalent in the fine earth fraction); slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 10 centimeters thick)

Bt--7 to 31 centimeters (3 to 12 inches); brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly silty clay loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; strong medium subangular blocky and strong fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and common medium through very coarse roots throughout; common very fine interstitial and common fine tubular pores; 2 percent faint clay films on all faces of peds; 5 percent fine and medium prominent, black (10YR 2/1), dry, manganese masses; 30 percent gravel, 10 percent cobbles; very slightly effervescent (5 percent calcium carbonate equivalent in the fine earth fraction); moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 25 centimeters thick)

Btk--31 to 55 centimeters (12 to 22 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) extremely cobbly clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and common medium through very coarse roots throughout; common very fine interstitial and common fine tubular pores; 2 percent faint clay films on all faces of peds; 5 percent carbonate coats on bottom surfaces of rock fragments; 35 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles; slightly effervescent (11 percent calcium carbonate equivalent in the fine earth fraction); moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (15 to 30 centimeters thick)

Bk1--55 to 63 centimeters (22 to 25 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) extremely gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine and medium roots throughout; common fine tubular and common very fine interstitial pores; 1 percent carbonate coats on bottom surfaces of rock fragments; 45 percent gravel, 25 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent (28 percent calcium carbonate equivalent in the fine earth fraction); moderately alkaline (pH 8.1); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 centimeters thick)

Bk2--63 to 79 centimeters (25 to 31 inches); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) extremely gravelly loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine and medium roots throughout; common fine tubular and common very fine interstitial pores; 1 percent carbonate coats on bottom surfaces of rock fragments; 50 percent gravel, 15 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent (41 percent calcium carbonate equivalent in the fine earth fraction); moderately alkaline (pH 8.1); abrupt smooth boundary; (10 to 20 centimeters thick)

R--79 centimeters (31 inches); indurated limestone bedrock.

TYPE LOCATION: Clark County, Nevada; approximately 24 kilometers north and 13 kilometers east of Corn Creek Station, Nevada, located in the Sheep Range approximately 140 meters north and 11 meters west of Hayford Peak; about 750 meters north and 698 meters west of Section 1, Township 15 S., Range 60 E.; USGS Hayford Peak, Nevada 7.5 minute quadrangle; 36 degrees, 39 minutes, 29.1 seconds north latitude and 115 degrees, 12 minutes, 3.2 seconds west longitude; UTM 11S 660799e 4058450n; (DATUM: NAD83).

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture control section: usually moist in late winter and spring, and periodically moist in the upper part following summer thunderstorms: ustic soil moisture regime. These soils have saturated layers within 100 centimeters of the mineral soil surface during the spring from snow melt with 20 or more consecutive days, or 30 or more cumulative days in normal years.

Soil temperature: 4 to 7 degrees C. (39 to 45 degrees F.)

Depth to the base of the argillic horizon, (Bt and Btk horizons): 25 to 60 centimeters.
Depth to calcic horizon: 25 to 45 centimeters.
Depth to lithic contact: 60 to 100 centimeters.

Control section -
Organic matter content: 3 to 5 percent.
Rock fragments: 40 to 65 percent, mainly gravel, with 5 to 15 percent cobbles.
Clay content: 18 to 30 percent.

A horizon
Value: 3 or 4, dry.
Chroma: 2 or 3, moist.
Calcium carbonate equivalence of the fine earth: 1 to 5 percent.

Bt horizon
Value: 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: loam or silty clay loam.
Consistence: moderately hard or slightly hard.
Rock fragments: 30 to 40 percent gravel and 5 to 10 percent cobbles. .
Reaction: slightly alkaline ormoderately alkaline.
Calcium carbonate equivalence of the fine earth: 2 to 6 percent.
Other features: fine and medium manganese masses.

Btk horizon
Value: 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4.
Texture: loam or clay loam.
Consistence: slightly sticky or moderately sticky.
Rock fragments: 30 to 50 percent gravel and 10 to 30 percent cobbles.
Effervescence: slightly or moderately effervescent.
Calcium carbonate equivalence of the fine earth: 10 to 15 percent.

Bk horizon(s)
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 3 through 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry.
Texture: sandy loam or loam.
Structure: subangular block or massive.
Rock fragments: 15 to 30 percent cobbles, 30 to 60 percent gravel.
Calcium carbonate equivalence of the fine earth: 25 to 45 percent.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series at this time.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Haypeak soils are on backslopes and shoulders of mountains. Slopes range from 30 to 75 percent. These soils formed in residuum and/or colluvium derived from limestone and dolomitic limestone. Elevations are 2,170 to 3,020 meters (7,120 to 9,910 feet). The climate is sub-humid continental, cool, with moist winters and common summer thundershowers. The mean annual precipitation is 460 to 560 millimeters (18 to 22 inches), the mean annual air temperature is 4 to 7 degrees C. (40 to 45 degrees F.), and the frost-free period is 50 to 90 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are Sheeprange and Kitgram soils. The Sheeprange soils are on mountain backslopes and have a lithic contact within 36 centimeters and lack an argillic horizon. The Kitgram soils are on backslopes of mountains and lack an argillic horizon.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; high runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity above the bedrock and moderately low within the bedrock.

USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for forestland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly Great Basin bristlecone pine, muttongrass, current and black sagebrush.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mojave Desert of southern Nevada, U.S.A.; MLRA 30. These soils are not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: PHOENIX, ARIZONA

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Desert National Wildlife Refuge Area, Nevada, South Part, Clark County, Nevada, 2011. The name is coined from Hayford Peak the highest peak within the Desert National Wildlife Refuge.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include:

Ochric epipedon - 0 to 7 centimeters (0 to 3 inches) (A horizon).
Argillic horizon - 7 to 55 centimeters (3 to 22 inches) (Bt and Btk horizons).
Calcic horizon - 31 to 79 centimeters (12 to 31 inches) (Btk and Bk horizons).
Lithic contact - the zone beginning at 79 centimeters ( 31 inches) (R horizon).
Particle-size control section 7 to 57 to centimeters (10 to 22 inches) (Bt and Btk1 horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: The USER PEDON ID is 07NV786152DM and was described on 9/8/2007, the pedon was also sampled by the NSSL, pedon ID S08NV003001.

Responsibility for this series was transferred from Davis to Phoenix 4/2015. The last revision to the series was 6/2011. ET

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.