LOCATION HAZELAIR OREstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Very-fine, smectitic, mesic Vertic Haploxerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Hazelair silty clay loam, cultivated. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine pores; many fine roots; moderately acid (pH 5.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
A--7 to 11 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) silty clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine pores; many fine roots; moderately acid (pH 5.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 9 inches thick)
Bw--11 to 18 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, very sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine pores; many fine roots; few fine faint clay films in some pores; few fine siltstone and sandstone parafragments; few fine distinct masses of iron accumulations in the lower part; strongly acid (pH 5.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (3 to 10 inches thick)
2C1--18 to 24 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) clay, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) and pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) dry; weak coarse prismatic structure that appears massive when wet; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine pores; few fine roots; many fine and very fine yellowish brown weathered siltstone and sandstone parafragments; many fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulations and many fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear smooth boundary. (5 to 20 inches thick)
2C2--24 to 30 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; massive; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine pores; few fine and medium roots; common fine and very fine weathered siltstone and sandstone parafragments; strongly acid (pH 5.2) abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
2Crt--30 to 40 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sandstone and siltstone with light gray (10YR 7/1) lenses and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay in fracture planes.
TYPE LOCATION: Yamhill County, Oregon; on a small ridgetop 100 yards east of road; about 2,500 feet east and 300 feet south of the NW corner of section. 29, T. 2 S., R. 4 W. Willamette Meridian. (Latitude 45 degrees, 22 minutes, 28 seconds N. and Longitude 123 degrees, 12 minutes, 26 seconds W. NAD27.) Carlton, Oregon USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature ranges from 53 to 55 degrees F. The soils are usually moist but are dry in all parts between depths of 4 and 12 inches for 60 to 80 consecutive days. Depth to a paralithic contact ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Thickness of the solum above the nonconforming 2C clay horizons ranges from 12 to 24 inches. Thickness of the mollic epipedon is 7 to 19 inches. Few fine distinct yellowish brown or reddish brown masses of iron accumulation are in the solum, in some pedons, and redox depletions with chroma of 2 or less are at depths of less than 20 inches. Horizon boundaries are generally abrupt but range to clear.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and dry. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam with 20 to 40 percent clay. It has 0 to 5 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles. Soil reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 2 or 3 in the upper 7 inches and 3 or 4 below 7 inches moist and 2 to 4 dry. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam with 25 to 40 percent clay. It has 0 to 5 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles. Soil reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4 moist, 5 or 6 dry and chroma of 2 to 4 moist and dry. Texture is silty clay loam, silty clay or clay with 35 to 50 percent clay. It has 0 to 5 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles. Soil reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The 2C horizon has hue predominantly 2.5Y but ranges to 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6 moist, 5 to 7 dry and chroma of 1 to 4 moist and dry. Texture of the fine-earth fraction is clay. It has 60 to 70 percent clay, 0 to 10 percent gravel and 0 to 25 percent paragravel. Soil reaction is very strongly acid to slightly acid.
COMPETING SERIES:. This is the Zakme series. The Zakme series is 40 to 60 inches to a paralithic contact and is well drained.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Hazelair soils are on hills at elevations of 200 to 2,500 feet. Slopes are 2 to 35 percent. The soils formed in silty glaciolacustrine deposits or colluvium over clayey residuum derived from sandstone, siltstone or volcanic tuff. The climate is characterized by warm, wet winters and hot, dry summers. The mean January temperature is about 39 degrees F. and the mean July temperature is about 67 degrees F. The mean annual temperature is 49 to 54 degrees F. The mean annual precipitation is 30 to 60 inches. The frost-free period is 165 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bellpine, Chehulpum, Dixonville, Dupee, Goodin (T), Helmick, Panther, Philomath, Ritner, Steiwer, Willakenzie and Witzel soils. Bellpine, Dixonville, Goodin, Ritner, Steiwer and Willakenzie soils do not have redoximorphic features of chroma of 2 or less within 30 inches. These soils occur on more linear or convex parts of the hillslope. Chehulpum, Philomath and Witzel soils have bedrock at depths of more than 40 inches. Dupee, Helmick, and Panther soils have bedrock at depths of more than 40 inches. Dupee soils occur on footslopes or toeslopes. Helmick soils occur on smooth, low hills. Panther soils occur on concave parts of the hillslope.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained; very slow permeability. An apparent water table is at its uppermost limit from November to April.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for spring grain, hay and pasture. Native vegetation consists of Oregon white oak with Pacific poison oak, baldhip rose, California hazel, grasses, and widely spaced Douglas-fir.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: In western Oregon in the Willamette Valley; MLRA 2. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Benton County (Benton Area), Oregon, 1970.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon include:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from a depth of 0 to 7 inches (Ap horizon)
Cambic horizon - the zone from a depth of 11 to 18 inches (Bw horizon)
Aquultic feature - redox depletions of 2 at a depth of 18 inches with aquic conditions. A base saturation (sum of cations) of 75 percent or less in one or more horizons between 10 and 30 inches.
Vertic feature - from a depth of 0 to 30 inches (Ap, A, Bw, 2C1, and 2C2 horizons), the linear extensibility (LE) is 6.0 cm or more.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Characterization data of 3 pedons from the National Soil Survey Lab with User Pedon ID #s. 62OR071013, 62OR071014, and 02OR071001.