LOCATION HEATON                  TX

Established Series
Rev. BJW-GLL-JCW-WJG
06/2020

HEATON SERIES

The Heaton series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that formed in locally reworked eolian sands over sandy and loamy alluvium. These nearly level to moderately sloping soils occur on stream terraces on river valleys. Slope ranges from 0 to 8 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 828 mm (33 in) and the mean annual air temperature is about 18 degrees C (65 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Arenic Paleustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Heaton fine sand--cropland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 51 cm (0 to 20 in); light brown (7.5YR 6/4) fine sand, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; structureless single grain; loose; few fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (Thickness is 10 to 50 cm [4 to 20 in].)

E--51 to 76 cm (20 to 30 in); pink (7.5YR 8/4) fine sand, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; structureless single grain; loose; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Thickness is 0 to 66 cm [0 to 26 in].)

Bt1--76 to 152 cm (30 to 60 in); red (2.5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt2--152 to 178 cm (60 to 70 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; few skeletans and clean sand grains; slightly acid; gradual boundary.

Bt3--178 to 198 cm (70 to 78 in); yellowish red (5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; common skeletans of fine sandy loam; slightly acid; abrupt boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 76 to 152 cm [30 to 60 in].)

Bt4--198 to 229 cm (78 to 90 in); yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy clay loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6) moist with common medium faint strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable; slightly acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Parker County, Texas; from the Parker County Courthouse in Weatherford west via U.S. Highway 80 and Interstate Highway 20 approximately 14 miles to the intersection of Interstate Highway 20 and Farm Road 113; west on the south service road of Interstate 20 for 1 mile; south on private road for 0.7 mile and 100 feet west of private road in a cultivated field.

USGS topographic quadrangle: Brazos East, TX;
Latitude: 32 degrees, 39 minutes, 34.33 seconds N;
Longitude: 98 degrees 1 minutes, 29.64 seconds W.
Datum: WGS84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: udic ustic soil moisture regime
Depth to abrupt textural change: 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 50 to 100 cm (20 to 40 in)
Depth to redox concentrations: 100 to more than 200 cm (40 to more than 80 in)
Depth to albic materials: 102 to 178 cm (40 to 70 in)
Thickness of the solum: 152 to more than 200 cm (60 to more than 80 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 20 to 30 percent
Sand content: 50 to 70 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 2 percent

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
If value is less than 4 when moist, horizon thickness is less than 25 cm (10 in)
Texture: fine sand or loamy fine sand
Clay content: 2 to 12 percent
Sand content: 75 to 95 percent
Reaction (pH): moderately acid to neutral (5.6 - 7.3)

E horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 5 to 8
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sand or loamy fine sand.
Clay content: 2 to 12 percent
Sand content: 75 to 95 percent
Reaction (pH): moderately acid to neutral (5.6 - 7.3)

Upper Bt horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 6 or 8
Texture: sandy clay loam or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Sand content: 50 to 70 percent

Lower Bt horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 6 or 8
Texture: sandy clay loam or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Sand content: 50 to 70 percent
Redox concentrations: few to many in varied sizes in shades of red, brown, or yellow
Redox depletions: 0 to 5 percent uncoated sand grains or skeletans in most pedons typically below a depth of 152 cm (60 in), but may occur as shallow as 102 cm (40 in).

COMPETING SERIES:
These are the Silstid series in the same family. Similar soils are the Desan, Heatly, Nimrod, Nobscot, Patilo, and Styx series.
Silstid soils: have redox concentrations in the upper part of the argillic horizon
Desan and Patilo soils: do not have an argillic horizon within 100 cm 40 in)
Heatly soils: do not have redox concentrations or albic materials in the lower part of the argillic horizon
Nobscot soils: do not have more than 15 percent clay content in the upper part of the argillic horizon
Nimrod soils: have gleyed horizons or redox depletions with chroma 2 or less within 100 cm (40 in)
Styx soils: have gleyed horizons or redox depletions with chroma 2 or less within 150 cm (60 in) and have more than 5 percent albic materials in the lower part of the argillic horizon

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: locally reworked eolian sands over sandy and loamy alluvium
Landscape: river valleys or hills
Landform: stream terraces
Slope: 0 to 8 percent, typically less than 5 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 711 to 965 mm (28 to 38 in)
Mean annual air temperature: 17.8 to 18.9 degrees C (64 to 66 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 220 to 245 days
Elevation: 83.9 to 305 m (275 to 1000 ft)
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 44 to 52

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
These are the Bastsil, Desan, Nimrod, Patilo, and Weatherford series.
Bastsil soils: have argillic horizons within 50 cm (20 in) and occur on similar positions
Desan soils: occur on similar positions
Nimrod and Patilo soils: occur on higher undulating sandy interfluves
Weatherford soils: have argillic horizons within 50 cm (20 in) and occur on side slopes of ridges

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: well
Permeability class: moderate
Runoff: negligible on slopes less than 1 percent, very low on 1 to 5 percent slopes, low on 5 to 8 percent slopes

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses: livestock grazing and hay production in the past these areas were used for growing truck crops, peaches, peanuts, grain sorghum, and small grains.
Native vegetation: heavy overstory of post oak trees and blackjack trees with tall and mid grasses.
Ecological site: Sandy 29-33" PZ (R084BY172TX)

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General location: north-central Texas, mainly along terraces of the Brazos and Trinity Rivers or other rivers
Land Resource Region: J-Southwestern Prairies Cotton and Forage
Major Land Resource Area: 84B-West Cross Timbers
Extent: moderate

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Parker County, Texas; 1972.

REMARKS: The series was formerly included in the Dougherty or Nimrod series. The series was separated based on mineralogy and wetness.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: 76 to 126 cm (30 to 50 in) (Bt1 horizon)

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 76 cm (0 to 30 in) (A and E horizons)
Argillic horizon - 76 to 229 cm (30 to 90 in) (Bt horizons)
Abrupt textural change: 76 cm (30 in) (top of Bt horizons)
Albic materials: 152 to 198 cm (60 to 78 in) (Bt2 and Bt3 horizons)

Additional comments: The Heaton series was proposed in Gillespie County, Texas; however, it was not correlated in the county. The type location was moved to Parker County. Mineralogy was checked at the South Regional Technical Service Center at Fort Worth, Texas.

The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area

ADDITIONAL DATA: None

TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.