LOCATION HEISKELL TN
Established Series
NTH, JYM/Rev. MDJ
11/2015
HEISKELL SERIES
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aquic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Heiskell silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes. (Colors are for moist soil).
Ap--0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate fine and medium granular structure; very friable; common fine and medium roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
AB--10 to 30 cm (4 to 12 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; common coarse faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine roots; few fine manganese concretions; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
BA--30 to 46 cm (12 to 18 inches); dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) silt loam; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common fine iron and manganese concretions; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) iron depletions; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Bt1--46 to 68 cm (18 to 27 inches); yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; common medium distinct brown (7.5YR 5/4) mottles; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few faint clay films lining faces of peds; common fine iron and manganese concretions; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--68 to 117 cm (27 to 46 inches); 70 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and 30 percent gray (2.5Y 6/1) silty clay loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few faint clay films lining faces of peds; common fine iron concretions; many medium and coarse strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron accumulations; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
BCg--117 to 170 cm (46 to 67 inches); 80 percent gray (2.5Y 6/1) and 20 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; 2 percent chert gravel; common fine iron and manganese concretions; many medium and coarse strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron accumulations; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION:
County: Knox
State: Tennessee
USGS Quadrangle: Lovell
Latitude (Decimal Degrees, NAD83): 35.960000
Longitude (Decimal Degrees, NAD83): -84.148611
Directions to the pedon: from Knoxville, take I-40 west to exit 376 North (Pellissippi Parkway). Go 3.4 miles to the Hardin Valley Road exit. Turn right off the exit ramp and go 0.75 mile to Reagan Road. The site is 2,000 feet north 32 degrees west from the intersection.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum Thickness: 100 to more than 152 cm (40 to more than 60 inches)
Depth to bedrock: more than 152 cm (60 inches)
Depth Class: very deep
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 30 to 91 cm (1.0 to 3.0 feet)
Rock Fragment Content: rounded or subangular chert gravels range from 0 to 15 percent in each horizon
Soil Reaction: strongly acid to slightly alkaline
Other: redoximorphic features having chroma of 2 or less occur within 50 cm (20 inches) of the soil surface
Range of Individual Horizons:
Ap horizon:
Color: hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4
Texture (fine earth fraction): silt loam or loam
AB and BA horizons (if present):
Color: hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 6
Texture (fine earth fraction): silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam
Bt horizon:
Color: hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, hue of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8
Mottles and redoximorphic features: shades of gray, brown, yellow, and red
Texture (fine earth fraction): silty clay loam, clay loam, silt loam, or loam
Btg horizon (if present):
Color: hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, chroma of 1 or 2, or is neutral
Mottles and redoximorphic features: shades of red, yellow, or brown
Texture (fine earth fraction): clay loam or silty clay loam
BC and C horizons:
Color: hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 to 8
Mottles and redoximorphic features: shades of gray, brown, yellow or red
Texture (fine earth fraction): silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam
2BC and 2C horizons (if present):
Color: hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 to 8
Mottles and redoximorphic features: shades of gray, brown, yellow or red
Texture (fine earth fraction): silty clay or clay
COMPETING SERIES:
There are no other series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
MLRA(s) using this series: 128 (Southern Appalachian Ridges and Valleys)
Landscape: river valleys
Landform: floodplains and drainageways (typically along intermittent tributaries rather than perennial streams)
Geomorphic Component: base slopes
Hillslope profile position: toeslopes
Parent Material Origin: loamy alluvium, in places underlain by older fine-textured alluvium at depths below the particle size control section
Parent Material Kind: sediments derived from limestone and shale
Slope: 0 to 6 percent
Elevation: 225 to 650 meters
Frost-free period: 190 to 200 days
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 18.9 to 20.4 degrees C
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1025 to 1362 mm
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Corryton soils -- adjacent uplands underlain by shale, well drained, fine-textured throughout
Dewey soils -- adjacent uplands underlain by limestone or dolomite, well drained, fine-textured throughout
Steadman soils -- adjacent flood plains along perennial streams, silty or loamy throughout, subject to flooding
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage Class (Agricultural): moderately well drained
Index Surface Runoff: low
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Class: moderately high
Permeability (obsolete): moderately slow
Shrink-Swell Class: low
USE AND VEGETATION:
Most areas are cleared and used for pasture or hay
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Distribution: Southern Appalachian Ridges and Valleys (MLRA 128) in Tennessee
Extent: the series is of small extent
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: MORGANTOWN, WEST VIRGINIA
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Knox County, Tennessee, 2005
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - from 0 to 30 cm (0 to 12 inches) (Ap and AB horizons)
Argillic horizon - from 46 to 117 cm (18 to 46 inches) (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Aquic feature - low chroma redoximorphic features within a depth of 50 cm (20 inches) of the soil surface
Characterization data are available for this pedon: KSSL Pedon Number 01N0844.
This edit adopts the semitabular format, updates the series from Tentative to Established, updates the range in characteristics, geographic setting, and includes some minor editorial changes. The typical pedon description is updated to that described when sampled for characterization, and to reflect laboratory results.
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.