LOCATION HERRADA NMTentative Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Haplustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Herrada loam--on a summit of an undulating plateau sloping 8 percent to the west northwest at 7,670 feet elevationpion-juniper-ponderosa pine forestland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described on September 22nd, 1999, the soil was slightly moist from 2 to 38 inches and otherwise dry.)
A--0 to 1 inch; brown (7.5YR 5/2) loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; common fine and few very fine irregularly shaped pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)
AB--1 to 4 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common fine and few very fine roots; few very fine tubular shaped pores; 2 percent gravel; slightly acid (pH 6.2); abrupt wavy boundary. (2 to 5 inches thick)
BA--4 to 9 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common fine, few medium, and few very fine roots; few fine and few very fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
Bt1--9 to 22 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few coarse, few fine, and common medium roots; few fine and very fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent gravel; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--22 to 31 inches; light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common medium and few fine roots; few medium and few fine tubular pores; few distinct and common faint clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); abrupt wavy boundary.
Bt3--31 to 43 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) silty clay loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky; hard, friable, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; few medium and few fine roots; few medium and few fine tubular pores; common distinct and few faint clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); gradual wavy boundary. (25 to 45 inches thick)
Btk1--43 to 51 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate coarse angular blocky structure; very hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; few medium and few fine tubular pores; common distinct and few fine clay films on faces of peds; 2 percent gravel; strongly effervescent, secondary calcium carbonate segregated as common coarse irregularly shaped coats on surfaces along pores; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); abrupt wavy boundary.
Btk2--51 to 69 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate very thick platy structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; few fine and few medium tubular pores; 2 percent gravel; few faint clay films on ped faces; strongly effervescent, secondary calcium carbonate segregated as few coarse irregularly shaped coats on surface of pores; neutral (pH 7.2); clear smooth boundary. (15 to 35 inches thick)
2C--69 to 91 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) silt loam, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; 10 percent paragravel; neutral (pH 7.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (20 to 40 inches thick)
3R--91 to 101 inches; very strongly cemented sandstone bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Santa Fe County, New Mexico; about 4 miles east southeast of Canyoncito on the Santa Fe National Forest; USGS Glorieta 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; Latitude 35 degrees 32 minutes 22 seconds North and Longitude 105 degrees 45 minutes 12 seconds West, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - The soil moisture control section is moist in all parts during the 60 days following the winter solstice. It is moist in some part less than 40 percent and moist in all parts less than 25 percent of the time when the soil temperature at 20 inches is above 41 degrees F. The soils are driest in May and June. The soil moisture regime is typic ustic.
Soil temperature - 48 to 50 degrees F.
Depth to base of argillic horizon - 51 to 77 inches
Depth to calcareous material (as visible secondary calcium carbonate) - 24 to 43 inches
Depth to lithic material - 60 to 91 inches
Particle-size control section weighted averages - Silicate clay content: 20 to 35 percent; Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent, lithology of fragments is sandstone and shale.
Reaction slightly acidic in the surface; neutral to slightly alkaline in the subsoil; slightly alkaline to neutral in the buried soil and the substratum.
Salinity, mmhos/cm: 0 to 1
Sodicity, SAR: 0 to 4
A horizon
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 3 to 6 dry, 2, 3, or 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent, mostly gravel
AB/BA horizions
Hue: 7.5YR, 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 dry or moist
Texture: Loam need range
Rock Fragment Content: 2 percent mostly gravel
Bt horizons
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, and 10YR
Value: 4 or 5 dry, 4 to 6 moist
Chroma: 2 through 6, dry or moist
Texture: loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, fine sandy loam, and sandy clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 15 percent, mostly gravel
Btk horizons
Hue: 7.5
Value: 4 to 6 dry, 4 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist
Texture: loam and clay loam
Rock fragment content: 2 to 8 percent, mostly gravel
Effervescence: strongly
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 3 percent
C horizons
Hue: 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, and 10YR
Chroma: 4 through 7 dry, 3 through 6 moist
Value: 2 through 6 dry or moist
Texturesilty loam, sandy loam, or loam
Rock fragments: total range is 5 to 20 percent, mostly gravel
COMPETING SERIES: These are Manuelito, Vibo, Zeniff, and Zunalei soils. Manuelito soils have visible carbonates shallower than Herrada, with carbonates visible at 30 inches. Vibo and Zeniff have no visible carbonates. Zeniff and Zunalei do not have a lithic contact within 100 inches. Zunalei has deeper carbonates than Herrada, with visible carbonates starting at 50 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Herrada soils are on undulating plateaus. They formed in alluvium and residuum derived from sandstone and shale. Slopes are 3 to 10 percent. Elevation ranges from 6,200 to 8,000 feet. The mean annual precipitation is 14 to 16 inches with about 45 percent falling as rain from high-intensity convective thunderstorms between July and September. The mean annual air temperature is 46 to 48 degrees F. The frost-free period is 120 to 140 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the , , , Aliante, Altega, Altezita, Esquila, Estrada, and Uva soils. . Aliante soils are fine-silty, have a mollic epipedon, and occur on footslopes and toeslopes of plateaus. Altega soils are also fine-silty and occur on the summits and shoulders of undulating plateaus. Altezita soils are shallow to sandstone, do not have diagnostic subsurface horizons, and occur on the summits of plateaus. Esquila soils are shallow to sandstone, are in the fine family, and occur on toeslopes of plateaus. Estrada soils are very deep, have mollic epipedons, and occur on valley sides. Uva soils are shallow to sandstone and occur on adjacent summits and shoulders
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium surface runoff; moderately slow permeability .
USE AND VEGETATION: Herrada soils are used for urban development, cord wood products, livestock grazing, and recreation. Present vegetation is twoneedle pinyon, Rocky Mountain juniper, and ponderosa pine with an understory of blue grama, needle grass, muttongrass, and sand dropseed.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Herrada soils are of small extent on the northern Glorieta Slope part of the Pecos Valley section of the Great Plains physiographic province in northcentral New Mexico. The MLRA is 70A.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES PROPOSED: Santa Fe County, New Mexico; Santa Fe Area Soil Survey Update; 2005. Herrada is a local place name and common Spanish surname.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - soil surface to a depth of about 4 inches. (A horizon)
Argillic horizon - 9 to about 69 inches. (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Btk1, and Btk2 horizons)
Presence of secondary coarbonates - 43 to 69 inches. (Btk1 and Btk2)
Lithic contact - 91 inches. (top of 3R layer)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Calcium carbonate equivalence was determined using a calcimeter. The series type location has been sampled for partial characterization by the Soil Survey Laboratory (SSL), Lincoln, NE, as soil survey sample number S99NM-049-005.
Classified according to Keys to Soil Taxonomy Tenth Edition, 2006.