LOCATION HERTY TX+LA
Established Series
RD-CRF-SJR
09/2019
HERTY SERIES
The Herty series consists of deep, moderately well drained soils that formed in shale and mudstone residuum on interfluves of the Caddell, Manning and Upper Yegua Formations. These nearly level to very gently sloping soils occur on interfluves on coastal plains. Slopes are 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 19 degrees C (66 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 1194 mm (47 in).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Oxyaquic Vertic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Herty very fine sandy loam on a 1 percent slope in forest at an elevation of 81 m (266 ft) (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very fine sandy loam; weak medium granular structure; soft, friable; many fine, medium and coarse roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 5 to 25 cm [2 to 10 in])
Bt1--8 to 28 cm (3 to 11 in); dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; common clay films on surface of peds; few prominent medium yellowish red (5YR 5/8) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries on surfaces of peds; interiors of peds have common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/8) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt2--28 to 53 cm (11 to 21 in); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; common fine and medium roots; common clay films on surface of peds; few pressure faces; common medium distinct yellowish red (5YR 5/8) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries; very slight salinity; extremely acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizon is 0 to 53 cm [0 to 20 in])
Btss--53 to 64 cm (21 to 25 in); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay; weak medium angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; common fine roots; common grooved slickensides; few medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries; slight salinity; extremely acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Btss horizon is 0 to 51 cm [0 to 20 in])
Btssy--64 to 76 cm (25 to 30 in); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay; weak medium angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm; common fine roots; common grooved slickensides; 20 percent by volume gypsum crystals; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redox concentrations with sharp boundaries; slight salinity; extremely acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Btssy horizon is 10 to 25 cm [4 to 10 in])
BCssy--76 to 112 cm (30 to 44 in); pale olive (5Y 6/3) clay; massive, with very weak angular blocky structure near the slickensides; very hard, firm; few fine roots; 20 to 30 percent by volume gypsum, mainly in horizontal layers 1 to 2 cm (1/4 to 1/2 in.) thick; slight salinity; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness of the BCssy horizon is 26 to 46 cm [10 to 18 in])
2Cdy1--112 to 145 cm (44 to 57 in); pale olive (5Y 6/3) shale with clay texture; massive, very hard, firm; few fine roots in fractures; 20 to 30 percent by volume gypsum, mainly in horizontally oriented layers; few iron-manganese coatings on surface of shale plates and along fractures; moderate salinity; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
2Cdy2--145 to 178 cm (57 to 70 in); pale olive (5Y 6/3) shale with clay texture; massive, very hard, firm; 10 to 15 percent by volume gypsum in thin layers and masses of crystals; few iron-manganese coatings on surface of shale plates and along fractures; few jarosite and natrojarosite coatings and small concentrations of barite and calcite on surface of shale plates; moderate salinity; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Angelina County, Texas; about 15 miles south of Lufkin; from intersection of Farm Road 844 and Farm Road 1818; 2 miles west on Farm Road 1818; 0.4 mile south on logging road and 50 feet east of road in forest. USGS topographic quad: Manning, Texas; Latitude, 31 degrees, 10 minutes, 15.41 seconds N; Longitude, 94 degrees, 34 minutes, 40.42 seconds W,WGS 84. UTM Easting: 349625.1 m, UTM Northing: 3449616.3 m.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An udic soil moisture regime. The soil moisture control section is dry in some or all parts for 60 to 90 days in normal years.
Mean annual soil temperature: 19 to 21 degrees C (67 to 70 degrees F)
Depth to paralithic contact: 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)
Depth to argillic horizon: 8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 in)
Depth to gypsiferous materials: 51 to 152 (20 to 60 in)
Depth to gypsic horizon (if present): 76 to 112 cm (30 to 44 in)
Depth to redox concentrations: 8 to 53 cm (3 to 20 in).
Depth to episaturation: 8 to 53 cm (3 to 20 in) The soil does not have aquic conditions in normal years. The soil is seasonally wet in the upper part of the Bt horizon.
Combined thickness of A and E horizons: 8 to 25 cm (3 to 10 inches)
Exchangeable sodium: 8 to 20 percent
Thickness of solum: 100 to 150 cm (40 to 60 in)
Depth to vertic features: 31 to 66 cm (12 to 26 in) slickensides or wedge-shaped peds
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content in control section: 35 to 70 percent
A or Ap Horizon
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: very fine sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam or silt loam
Clay content: 7 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 2 percent; kind-sandstone; size-gravel
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 1.9
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 4
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid (4.5 to 6.0)
E Horizon (where present)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: very fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content: 7 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 2 percent; kind-sandstone; size-gravel
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 1.9
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 0 to 4
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid (4.5 to 6.0)
Bt Horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Clay films: location-on faces of peds, contrast-faint to prominent
Redox concentrations: amount-few to common, size-fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, boundary-clear to sharp, location-in matrix and on faces of peds, shades-red or brown
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 2 percent; kind-sandstone; size-gravel
Gypsum: 0 to 2 percent
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 0 to 3.9
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 6 to 12
Reaction: extremely acid to strongly acid (3.5 to 5.5)
Btss Horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay, clay
Clay content: 40 to 70 percent
Clay films: location-on faces of peds, contrast-faint to prominent
Slickensides: few to common
Redox concentrations: amount-few to common, size-fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, boundary-clear to sharp, location-in matrix and on faces of peds, shades-red or brown
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 2 percent; kind-sandstone; size-gravel
Gypsum: 2 to 35 percent
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 2 to 7.9
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 8 to 12
Reaction: extremely acid to strongly acid (3.5 to 6)
Btssy or BCssy Horizon
Hue: 2.5Y or 5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: clay or silty clay
Clay content: 40 to 70 percent
Clay films: location-on faces of peds, contrast-faint to prominent
Slickensides: few to common
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, size-fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, boundary-clear to sharp, location-in matrix, shades-brown or yellow
Lithochromic mottles: amount-none to common, size-fine to coarse, contrast-faint to prominent, location-in matrix, shades-gray or olive
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 2 percent; kind-sandstone; size-gravel
Gypsum: 2 to 35 percent
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 2 to 7.9
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 8 to 12
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid (3.5 to 6.0)
2Cdy Layer
Hue: 2.5Y or 5Y
Value: 4 to 7
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: noncemented mudstone or shale bedrock with a texture of clay loam or clay
Clay content: 35 to 70 percent
Rock fragments: amount-0 to 6 percent; kind-sandstone; size-gravel
Cementation class: noncemented
Gypsum: 2 to 35 percent
Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm): 4 to 7.9
Sodium Adsorption Ratio: 8 to 12
Reaction: extremely acid to slightly acid (3.5 to 6.5)
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family. Similar soils are the
Corrigan (TX),
Etoile (TX),
Kellison (TX),
Kisatchie (LA),
Nikful (TX),
Oakhurst (TX),
Oula (LA) and
Rayburn (TX) series.
Corrigan soils: do not have a lithologic discontinuity
Etoile soils: do not have a lithologic discontinuity
Kellison soils: are well drained, and slopes are greater than 3 percent.
Kisatchie soils: do not have vertic properties
Nikful soils: do not have vertic properties
Oakhurst soils: do not have a lithologic discontinuity
Oula soils: do not have a lithologic discontinuity
Rayburn soils: do not have a lithologic discontinuity
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: residuum from shale and/or mudstone
Geology: Caddell, Manning and Upper Yegua formations
Landscape: coastal plain
Landform: smooth to slightly concave interfluves
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 18 to 20 degrees C (65 to 68 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 1100 to 1275 mm (43 to 50 in)
Frost-free period: 235 to 250 days
Elevation: 40 to 122 m (130 to 400 ft)
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Diboll,
Keltys,
Kellison,
Kurth and
Moswell series.
Diboll soils: have less than 35 percent clay throughout and are on similar landscapes.
Keltys soils: have a coarse-loamy control section, are on slightly higher positions, are better drained.
Kellison soils: are better drained, are on steeper slopes.
Kurth soils: have a fine-loamy control section, are on slightly higher positions, are better drained.
Moswell soils: have a very-fine control section, are on slightly higher positions, are better drained.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is very slow. Runoff is high on 0 to 1 percent slopes and very high on 1 to 3 percent slopes. A perched water table saturates the surface and upper Bt horizon for periods of 30 or more cumulative days during the months of January to April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for woodland and pastureland. Native vegetation is mixed pine and hardwood forest with an understory of grasses and shrubs. The shrinking and swelling of the clayey subsoil generally causes many trees to have crooked trunks. A few areas have been cleared for pasture. Pastures are in common bermudagrass, improved bermudagrass, or bahiagrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Coastal Plains of Texas and possibly Arkansas and Louisiana (LRR: P, J; MLRA 133B, MLRA 87A). The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Polk County, Texas; 1983.
REMARKS: The series was formerly included in the Lufkin series. The series was separated based on difference in moisture regime.
In the Range of Characteristics, the Btg and Btgss horizons were changed to exclude the 'g' subsurface designation. This is believed to have been a previous oversight as the Bt and Btss horizons in the Typical Pedon had already been removed of their 'g' designations.
This series was updated in 2014 to put into semi-tabular format.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 in)(A horizon)
Argillic horizon: 8 to 76 cm (3 to 30 in)(Bt and Btss horizons)
Paralithic contact: 112 cm (44 in)(2Cry horizons)
Densic bedrock: 112 to 203 cm (91 in)(2Cdy horizons)
Redoximorphic concentrations: 8 to 76 cm (3 to 30 in)(Bt and Btss horizons)
Vertic features: slickensides at 53 to 112 cm (21 to 44 in)(Btss and BCssy horizons)
Episaturation: 8 to 53 cm (3 to 20 in) (Bt horizons)
Lithologic discontinuity: 112 cm (44 in)(top of the 2Cdy horizons)
Gypsum accumulations: 76 to 203 cm (29 to 80 in)(Btssy, BCssy and 2Cdy horizons)
Additional Comments: Aquic conditions do not exist in this soil in normal years.
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by laboratory data number S80TX-005-009 from Angelina County, Texas.
ADDITIONAL DATA: KSSL Data from type location in Angelina County, Texas-S80TX-005-009. Particle-size analysis tests were performed at the project office on three pedons. Other data from Angelina County, Texas: KSSL Lab No. S81TX005001.
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.