LOCATION HINKLE OK+TX

Established Series
Rev. JGF:RDG:TGM
09/2016

HINKLE SERIES

The Hinkle series consists of very deep, well drained, very slowly permeable soils that formed in clayey material weathered from old alluvium of granitic outwash. These nearly level to very gently sloping soils are on broad summits and shoulder slopes of terrace sediments in the Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78C) and the Wichita Mountains (MLRA 82B). Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature is 16 degrees C (61 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is 660 mm (26 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Vertic Natrustalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Hinkle silt loam-cultivated, at an elevation of 352 m (1155 ft). (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Apn--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in) brown (7.5YR 5/4) silt loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; weak fine granular structure moist, massive dry; hard, friable; the upper 6 mm (l/4 in) is a light brown (7.5YR 6/4) vesicular crust; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (Thickness of the An horizon is 15 to 23 cm [6 to 9 in])

Btn--15 to 41 cm (6 to 16 in) brown (7.5YR 4/2) clay, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium blocky; very hard, very firm; 35 percent silt coatings on faces of prisms; 35 percent clay films on faces of peds; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Btn horizon is 20 to 30 cm [8 to 12 in])

Btnss--41 to 84 cm (16 to 33 in) brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium blocky structure; very hard, very firm; 70 percent clay films on faces of peds; common distinct slickensides at 20 degree angles; few soft masses of calcium carbonate; many films and spots of salt; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Thickness of the Btnss horizon is 25 to 50 cm [10 to 20 in])

Btnkss1--84 to 114 cm (33 to 45 in) reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; weak medium blocky structure; very hard, very firm; 15 percent clay films on faces of peds; common distinct slickensides at 20 degree angles; common calcium carbonate concretions; common soft masses of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 15 inches thick)

Btnkss2--114 to 152 cm (45 to 60 in) red (2.5YR 4/6) clay, dark red (2.5YR 3/6) moist; weak fine blocky structure; very hard, very firm; 15 percent clay films of faces of peds; common distinct slickensides at 20 degree angles; common calcium carbonate concretions; common soft masses of calcium carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Btnkss horizon is 38 to 89 cm [15 to 35 in])

C--152 to 183 cm (60 to 72 in) red (2.5YR 5/6) clay, red (2.5YR 4/6) moist; massive; very hard, very firm; moderately effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Tillman County, Oklahoma; about 7.5 miles east of Frederick; 2,040 feet east and 250 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 9, T. 2 S., R. 16 W.

USGS topographic quadrangle:
Latitude: 34 degrees, 23 minutes, 33.7 seconds N
Longitude: 98 degrees, 52 minutes, 56 seconds W
Datum: NAD83

Decimal Degrees
Latitude: 34.3926944
Longitude: -98.8822222

UTM Easting: 510826.22 m
UTM Northing: 3805704.91 m
UTM Zone: 14N

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 100 to 150 cm (40 to >60 in)
Depth to secondary carbonate masses: 30 to 75 cm (12 to 30 in)
Calcium carbonate as masses: ranges from 2 to 10 percent by volume below a depth of 30 cm (12 in)

A horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 6, 2 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: loam or silt loam
Other features: this horizon is both hard and massive when dry. Some pedons, in plowed fields after rains, form a surface crust up to 2.5 cm (1 in) thick that is 1 to 2 units higher in value than the Ap horizon.
Exchangeable sodium percentage: 5 to 25 percent
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline

Btn horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 or 5, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Structure features: this horizon has prismatic or columnar structure which is capped with uncoated silt or sand grains and has tongues of this material which extend more than 2.5 cm (1 in) into the horizon
Exchangeable sodium percentage: 15 to 25 percent
Effervescence: none to slight
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Btnss horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 4 or 5, 3 or 4 moist
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Exchangeable sodium percentage: 15 to 25 percent
Effervescence: very slight to violent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Btnkss horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR to 7.5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Calcium carbonate content: amount-2 to 10 percent; kind-masses
Exchangeable sodium percentage: 15 to 25 percent
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

C horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 4 to 6, 3 to 5 moist
Chroma: 2 to 6
Texture: silty clay loam, clay loam, clay, or silty clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Other features: some pedons have buried soils below 100 cm (40 in) that formed in clayey sediments weathered from Permian age shales and clay beds
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. The similar Foard series has a mollic epipedon and has an exchangeable sodium percentage that is less than 15 percent in the upper 50 cm (20 in).

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: formed in clayey material weathered from old alluvium of granitic outwash from the Wichita Mountains
Landscape: alluvial plain
Landform: nearly level or very gently sloping broad summits and shoulder slopes of terrace pediments, they occur in roughly circular areas from 6 to 91 m (20 to 300 ft) in diameter
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual air temperature: 14 to 17 degrees C (57 to 63 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 560 to 813 mm (22 to 32 in)
Frost-free period: 185 to 230 days
Elevation: 305 to 610 m (1,000 to 2,000 ft)
Thornthwaite annual PE Indices: 33 to 44

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the closely competing Foard series and the Hollister, Lawton, and Tillman series.
Foard soils: are on the same positions, but have lower sodium content
Hollister, Lawton, and Tillman soils: have mollic epipedons and do not have natric horizons

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage class: well drained
Permeability: very slow
Runoff: negligible on 0 to 1 percent slopes, high on 1 to 3 percent slopes

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used for small grains. Some areas are used for cotton, grain sorghum, tame pasture or rangeland. Native vegetation is mid grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Oklahoma. LRR-H; Central Rolling Red Plains (MLRA 78C) and the Wichita Mountains (MLRA 82B). The series is moderately extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Canadian County, Oklahoma; 1972.

REMARKS:
Hinkle soils were formerly correlated as slick spots in recent soil surveys.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: 0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in) (A horizon)
Natric horizon: 15 to 150 cm (6 to 60 in) (Bt horizon)
Vertic feature: this soil has cracks within 125 cm (49 in) of the mineral soil surface that are 5 mm or more wide through a thickness of 30 cm (12 in) or more for some time in most years, and slickensides in a layer 15 cm (6 in) or more thick that has its upper boundary within 125 cm (49 in) of the mineral soil surface; or a linear extensibility of 6.0 or more between the mineral soil surface and a depth of 100 cm (40 in).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska. Samples 72L360-61. Smectitic mineralogy.

Taxonomic version: Keys To Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.