LOCATION HIORE MT
Established Series
Rev: TJK-KTS-RJS
04/2011
HIORE SERIES
The Hiore series consists of very deep, somewhat excessively drained soils that formed in colluvium, slope alluvium and residuum derived from coarse-grained igneous rocks. These soils are on mountain slopes. Slopes are 15 to 70 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 17 inches, and mean annual air temperature is about 38 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Ustic Haplocryepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Hiore coarse sandy loam, forested (colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).
Oi--0 to 1 inch; forest litter of partially decomposed needles and twigs.
A1--1 to 3 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) coarse sandy loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate very fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine, and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine and very fine pores; 5 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 4 inches thick)
A2--3 to 8 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly coarse sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine, and few medium and coarse roots; many very fine and fine pores; 15 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0); gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 14 inches thick)
Bw1--8 to 23 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) gravelly coarse sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and few medium roots; common fine pores; 30 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); gradual smooth boundary.
Bw2--23 to 36 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) very gravelly loamy coarse sand, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and medium roots; 40 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of Bw horizons - 20 to 34 inches).
BC--36 to 60 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly loamy coarse sand, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; 60 percent gravel; few medium roots; neutral (pH 7.2).
TYPE LOCATION: Jefferson County, Montana; 300 feet west and 2,600 feet north of the SE corner of sec. 7, T. 6 N., R. 4 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 38 to 42 degrees F.
Moisture control section - between 8 and 24 inches.
Surface stones or boulders - 0 to 0.1 percent.
A1 horizon
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sandy loam or coarse sandy loam
Clay content: 8 to 20 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 35 percent--0 to 10 percent cobbles, stones, or boulders; 5 to 25 percent gravel
Reaction: pH 5.6 to 7.3
A2 horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: coarse sandy loam or loamy coarse sand
Clay content: 8 to 18 percent
Rock fragments: 10 to 35 percent--0 to 5 percent cobbles, stones or boulders; 10 to 30 percent gravel (gravel are mainly less than 7mm in diameter)
Reaction: pH 5.6 to 7.3
Bw horizons
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5, 6, or 7 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, 4, or 6
Texture: coarse sandy loam or loamy coarse sand
Clay content: 8 to 18 percent
Rock fragments: 25 to 60 percent--0 to 10 percent cobbles, stones, or boulders; 25 to 50 percent gravel (gravel are mainly less than 7mm in diameter)
Reaction: pH 5.6 to 7.3
BC horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry; 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 3, 4, 6, or 8
Texture: loamy coarse sand or coarse sandy loam
Clay content: 2 to 12 percent
Rock fragments: 35 to 70 percent--0 to 10 percent cobbles and stones, 35 to 60 percent gravel (gravel are mainly less than 7mm in diameter)
Reaction: pH 5.6 to 7.3
COMPETING SERIES:
Alpinepeak (ID) - sandy-skeletal above 40 inches; moderately well drained.
Ellena (MT) - is 20 to 40 inches to granite bedrock.
Elve (MT) - has an E horizon 10 to 25 inches thick; has more than 60 percent coarse fragments in the Bw horizon.
Gromes (NM) - has more than 20 percent clay in the particle- size control section; is well drained; has over 30 inches precipitation; elevations over 9,700 feet.
Losee (UT) - is calcareous at 8 to 14 inches; has hues of 7.5YR or redder.
Pergrin (CO) - is 20 to 40 inches deep to granite bedrock.
Poso (ID) - has carbonates in the particle-size control section.
Rosespring (NV) - is 40 to 60 inches to a lithic contact.
Rubick (MT) - has greater than 15 percent cobbles and/or stones throughout the profile.
Shadow (MT) - has 15 to 40 percent mica in the particle-size control section.
Taglake (WY) - contains more than 15 percent cobbles and stones; formed in glacial till; has less than 25 percent very coarse sand.
Telay (AK) - has a subarctic climate.
Yankeefork (ID) - is sandy-skeletal at 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - mountain slopes
Elevations - 5,600 to 7,500 feet.
Slope - 15 to 70 percent.
Parent material - colluvium, slope alluvium and residuum derived from coarse-grained igneous rocks
Climate - long, cold winters; cool moist springs; short cool summers.
Mean annual precipitation - 15 to 24 inches.
Mean annual air temperature - 36 to 40 degrees F.
Frost-free period - 30 to 70 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: None listed.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Hiore soils are used mainly for timber production, understory grazing, watersheds, and as wildlife habitat. The potential native vegetation is mainly Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, rough fescue, pine grass, elk sedge, common juniper, and woods pussytoes.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Hiore soils are of small extent in Southwestern Montana.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jefferson County, Montana, 1998.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon from - 0 to 8 inches (Oi, A1, A2 horizons)
Cambic horizon from - 8 to 36 inches (Bw1, Bw2 horizons)
Particle-size control section from - 11 to 41 inches (part of Bw1, Bw2, part of BC horizons)
Hiore soils have a cryic temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil interpretation record MT1530.
Note: The 3/2008 description reflects a change in classification from Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Ustic Eutrocryepts to Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Ustic Haplocryepts due to revision of the cryepts great groups and subgroups. The competing series section was not updated and should be reviewed after all the cryepts have been re-classified.
Note: The current profile has a sandy-skeletal textural family. A new type location with a loamy-skeletal textural family will be found by the Dillon, MT Soil Survey Office. Currently, the following surveys are using Hiore - MT605, MT627, MT632, MT635, MT637 and MT670. (04/19/2011)
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.