LOCATION HOLLOWAY MTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Andic Haplocryepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Holloway gravelly ashy silt loam, forested. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--0 to 3 inches; undecomposed and slightly decomposed forest litter.
A--3 to 13 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly ashy silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate very fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; many very fine and fine pores; 25 percent angular gravel and 5 percent angular cobbles; ash influenced with 5 percent or more glass; strongly acid (pH 5.5); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 14 inches thick)
2E--13 to 20 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) extremely gravelly fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine and fine pores; 55 percent angular gravel and 10 percent angular cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.6); gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 16 inches thick)
2E and Bt--20 to 55 inches; E part (75 percent) is light gray (10YR 7/2) extremely gravelly sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; B part (25 percent) is pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam lamellae 1/8 to 1/2 inch thick, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and very fine pores; 55 percent angular gravel and 10 percent angular cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.9); gradual smooth boundary. (16 to 40 inches thick)
2C--55 to 60 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) extremely gravelly sandy loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine roots; few fine pores; 55 percent angular gravel and 15 percent angular cobbles; slightly acid (pH 6.4).
TYPE LOCATION: Missoula County, Montana; 1,200 feet south and 800 feet east of the NW corner of Sec. 7, T. 11 N., R. 22 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 37 to 45 degrees F.
Moisture control section - between 8 and 24 inches.
Control section - 5 to 15 percent clay, less than 35 percent silt, and 60 percent or more total sand, and more than 35 percent fine sand and coarser.
Some pedons have a thin discontinuous E horizon.
A horizon - Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 4 or 6
Texture: ashy silt loam or ashy loam
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 10 to 35 percent--0 to 10 percent angular cobbles or flagstones and stones, 10 to 30 percent angular gravel or channers
Bulk density: 1.0 g/cc or less
Glass content: 5 to 10 percent
Acid-oxalate, aluminum plus 1/2 iron: 1 to 2 percent
Reaction: pH 5.1 to 6.5
2E horizon - Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 6, 7, or 8 dry; 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 45 to 75 percent--0 to 15 percent angular cobbles or flagstones and stones; 45 to 60 percent angular gravel or channers
Reaction: pH 5.1 to 6.5
2E and Bt horizon - Hue: 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: E part 6 or 7 dry, 5 or 6 moist; B part 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: E part 2 or 3; B part 2, 3, or 4
Texture, mixed: sandy loam, fine sandy loam
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent, the lamellae have less than 3 percent clay increase
Rock fragments: 60 to 80 percent--5 to 15 percent angular cobbles or flagstones and stones; 50 to 70 percent angular gravel or channers
Reaction: pH 5.1 to 6.5
2C horizon - Hue: 2.5Y, 10YR or 7.5YR
Value: 6 or 7 dry; 4, 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loamy sand
Clay content: 5 to 15 percent
Rock fragments: 60 to 85 percent--5 to 20 percent angular cobbles or flagstones and stones, 45 to 70 percent angular gravel or channers
Reaction: pH 5.1 to 6.5
COMPETING SERIES:
Ashworth (MT) - does not have horizon containing lamellae, has horizons of secondary carbonate accumulation.
Petty (MT) - does not have an albic horizon, has dominantly very coarse and coarse sands in the sand fraction and subrounded rock fragments.
Phillcher (MT) - does not have an albic horizon; do not have a horizon that has lamellae; has a mean annual soil temperature of 35 to 38 degrees F.
Rumsey (MT) - does not have horizon containing lamellae; has horizons of secondary carbonate accumulation.
Waldbillig (MT) - have a very hard 2E and Bt horizon; has 35 to 60 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform- mountains.
Elevation - 3,800 to 8,800 feet.
Slopes - 8 to 80 percent.
Parent material - colluvium derived from argillite or quartzite.
Climate - cool with long, cold winters; moist springs.
Mean annual precipitation - 25 to 60 inches.
Mean annual temperature - 35 to 43 degrees F.
Frost-free period - 30 to 70 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Waldbillig soils and the Coerock, Felan, Mitten and Winkler soils. Coerock soils are shallow to a lithic contact. Felan soils do not have horizons containing lamellae. Mitten and Winkler soils have a frigid soil temperature regime and are at lower elevation. These soils are on similar landform positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Holloway soils are used for timber production, watersheds, and wildlife habitat. Potential native vegetation is subalpine fir, Douglas-fir, Engelmann spruce, western larch, and lodgepole pine with an understory of twinflower, blue huckleberry, rusty menziesia, and common beargrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Holloway soils are of large extent in western Montana. MLRA 43A and 46.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Bitterroot Valley Area, Montana, 1952.
REMARKS: Soil Interpretation Records: MT0029, MT0748. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: an ochric epipedon from the soil surface to 20 inches (Oi, A and 2E horizons); an albic horizon from 13 to 20 inches (2E horizon); a cambic horizon from 20 to 55 inches (2E and Bt horizon); a particle-size control section from 13 to 43 inches (2E, 2E and Bt horizons). Holloway soils have a cryic temperature regime and an udic moisture regime.
The 3/2008 description reflects a change in classification from Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Andic Eutrocryepts Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Andic Haplocryepts due to revision of the cryepts great groups and subgroups. The competing series section was not updated and should be reviewed after all the cryepts have been re-classified.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Montana S-70-Mont. 63-6. Riverside Laboratory S-70- Mont. 32-6.