LOCATION HOODOO ID+WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Ashy, glassy, nonacid, frigid Typic Vitraquands
TYPICAL PEDON: Hoodoo ashy silt loam - on a valley bottom with a slope of 1 percent; in pasture at 2,155 feet elevation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated. When described the soil was dry to 10 inches and moist below.)
A1--0 to 3 inches; black (10YR 2/1) ashy silt loam (approaching mucky silt loam), dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; strong fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine, and common medium roots; many very fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 6.8); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 8 inches thick)
A2--3 to 10 inches; black (10YR 2/1) ashy silt loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; strong medium subangular blocky structure parting to strong fine granular; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and few fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 6.6); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
Bg1--10 to 15 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) ashy silt loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; common fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) redox concentrations; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; common very fine and few fine tubular pores; many medium pieces of charcoal; many large organic stains; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (5 to 10 inches thick)
Bg2--15 to 20 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) ashy silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2) dry; many medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) redox concentrations; weak coarse angular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine and few fine and medium tubular pores; few fine manganese concretions; neutral (pH 6.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 12 inches thick)
Cg1--20 to 36 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) ashy silt loam, very pale brown (10YR 8/2) dry; many large prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redox concentrations; massive; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine and few fine tubular pores; few fine manganese concretions and stains; slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy boundary. (12 to 16 inches thick)
Cg2--36 to 42 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) ashy silt loam, white (10YR 8/1) dry; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redox concentrations; massive; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine and few fine tubular pores; few fine manganese concretions and stains; few fine iron stains; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 7 inches thick)
Cg3--42 to 52 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) ashy very fine sandy loam, white (10YR 8/1) dry; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redox concentrations; massive; slightly hard, firm, slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common very fine and few fine tubular pores; few fine iron stains; slightly acid (pH 6.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
2Cg4--52 to 60 inches; greenish gray (5GY 6/1) very cobbly silty clay loam, light gray (5Y 7/1) dry; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redox concentrations; massive; very hard, very firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and few fine tubular pores; 30 percent pebbles and 30 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.8); gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
2Cg5--60 to 65 inches; greenish gray (5GY 6/1) extremely gravelly silt loam, light gray (5Y 7/1) dry; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redox concentrations; massive; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 60 percent pebbles and 20 percent cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Bonner County, Idaho; about 0.75 miles west of Kelso Lake in Hoodoo Valley; about 2,000 feet east and 950 feet north of the southwest corner, sec. 20, T. 54 N., R. 3 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to water table February through June - 1 to 2 feet July through January - 2 to 3 feet
Depth to redoximorphic concentrations 0 to 20 inches
Depth to redoximorphic depletions 10 to 20 inches
Mean annual soil temperature - 44 to 47 degrees F
Mean summer soil temperature - 55 to 59 degrees F without O horizon and in saturated soil
Reaction of profile - moderately acid through neutral
Solum thickness - 12 to 26 inches
Bulk density - 0.65 to 0.85 g./cc (depths 0 to 40 inches) Acid-oxalate extractable Al plus 1/2 Fe - 0.4 to 1.0 percent
Volcanic glass content - more than 30 percent
A horizon
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y
Value - 2 to 4 moist, 4 to 6 dry
Chroma - 0 to 2 moist or dry
Texture - ashy silt loam, ashy loam, or ashy very fine sandy loam
Bg horizon
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y
Value - 4 to 7 moist, 6 to 8 dry
Chroma - 1 or 2 moist or dry
Texture - ashy silt loam, ashy loam, or ashy very fine sandy loam
Cg horizon
Hue - 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, or 5GY
Value - 5 to 7 moist, 6 to 8 dry
Chroma - 1 or 2 moist or dry
Texture - ashy very fine sandy loam or ashy silt loam (stratified in most pedons below 40 inches)
2Cg horizon
Gravel content 30 to 60 percent
Cobble content 10 to 40 percent (below depths of 40 inches)
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hoodoo soils are in drainageways, on stream terraces, bottomlands, and around perimeters of lakes. Slopes are 0 to 8 percent. Elevations range from 1,900 to 2,800 feet. The soils formed in alluvium mainly from volcanic ash. The mean annual precipitation is 25 to 38 inches. The average January temperature is about 24 degrees F. and the average July temperature is about 64 degrees F. The mean annual air temperature is 42 to 45 degrees F. The frost-free season is 80 to 110 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bonner, Pend Oreille, Pywell, Rathdrum, Treble, and the competing Odenson soils. Bonner, Pend Oreille, Rathdrum, and Treble soils are well drained. Bonner and Rathdrum soils are on on glacial outwash plains and terraces. Pend Oreille and Treble soils are on mountains and foothills. Odenson soils are fine-silty in the control section and are on glaciolacustrine terraces. Pywell soils are very poorly drained organic soils and are in depressional areas of drainageways and floodplains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Runoff is very slow. Permeability is moderate in the solum and moderate or moderately slow in the substratum. The soils are occasionally to frequently flooded during the spring months.
USE AND VEGETATION: The soils are used mainly for hay and pasture. Some drained areas are used for small grains. Natural vegetation is grasses, sedges, and forbs with scattered black cottonwood and quaking aspen.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Idaho and northeastern Washington. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Bonner County, Idaho, 1981.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - 0 to 10 inches (A1 and A2 horizons)
Cambic horizon - 10 to 20 inches (Bg1 and Bg2 horizons)
Particle-size control section - 0 to 40 inches (A1, A2, Bg1, Bg2, Cg1, and part of the Cg2 horizons)
Further investigation is needed at the official Type Location to determine if andic soil property criteria is met. Lab data from the Hoodoo modal site in Spokane County, Washington meets Aquandic subgroup criteria and will be considered a taxadjunt to the series. There is some question as to whether these wet soils high in ash meet andic soil properties.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data S01-WA063-004, Spokane County, Washington; NSSL, Lincoln, NE.