LOCATION HUOT MNEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy over clayey, mixed over smectitic, frigid Aquic Calciudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Huot fine sandy loam, on a plane 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 917 feet MSL. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 10 inches; black (10YR 2/1) fine sandy loam; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; very friable; few fine roots; very slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined A horizons 7 to 12 inches thick)
Ak--10 to 14 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) fine sandy loam; gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine roots; few fine irregularly shaped white (10YR 8/1) masses of carbonate; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.3); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 4 inches)
Bk--14 to 26 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loamy fine sand; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine irregularly shaped white (10YR 8/1) masses of carbonate; 1 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.3); gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 16 inches thick).
C1--26 to 34 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) fine sand; common medium distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; single grain; loose; 2 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 15 inches thick).
2C2--34 to 58 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) clay; common fine distinct very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) redoximorphic depletions; moderate medium prismatic parting to moderate fine angular soil fragments; firm; about 1 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); clear wavy boundary.
2C3--58 to 80 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) clay; few fine distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) redoximorphic concentrations; moderate medium prismatic soil fragments; firm; about 1 percent gravel; few fine irregularly shaped white (10YR 8/1) masses of carbonate; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6).
TYPE LOCATION: POLK COUNTY, MINNESOTA About 5 miles north and 1.5 miles east of Crookston, 1500 feet west and 2600 feet north of the southeast corner of section 32, T. 151 N.,R. 46 W; USGS Crookston, MN. topographic quadrangle; latitude 47 degrees 51 minutes 16 seconds N. and longitude 96 degrees 34 minutes 26 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the upper mantle ranges from 20 to 40 inches. The mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 16 inches in thickness. The calcic horizon is at depths of less than 16 inches. The reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline throughout. The content of rock fragments by volume commonly ranges from 0 to 15 percent in the upper sediments, and from 0 to 10 percent in the underlying clayey material. Some pedons have a gravelly or cobbly layer at the base of the upper sediment.
The Ap and Ak horizons have hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or neutral, value of 2 or 3, 4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 0 to 2. The texture is fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, sandy loam or loamy sand. The clay content ranges from 5 to 15 percent and the sand content ranges from 65 to 85 percent.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or neutral, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or less. The texture is loamy fine sand, loamy sand, fine sand, fine sandy loam or sandy loam. The clay content ranges from 8 to 15 percent and the sand content ranges from 65 to 85 percent.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. Redoximorphic features are few or common and faint to distinct. The texture is fine sand, loamy fine sand, sand or loamy sand. The clay content ranges from 3 to 8 and the sand content ranges from 80 to 95
The 2C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 4. Redoximorphic features are few to common and faint to prominent. The texture is clay, silty clay or silty clay loam. The clay content ranges from 35 to 80 and the sand content ranges from 5 to 20
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Huot soils are on convex rises and ridges on remnant bars, beaches, and deltas on lake plains. Slopes range from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 38 to 43 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 19 to 23 inches. Frost-free days range from 90 to 130 days. Elevation above sea level ranges from 785 to 1000.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Clearwater, Espelie, Grimstad, Hilaire, Thiefriver, Ulen and Wheatville soils. The poorly drained Clearwater soils are in lower lying swales and broad level areas and do not have the sandy upper mantle. The poorly drained Espelie and Thiefriver soils are typically in lower lying concave swales. The somewhat poorly and moderately well drained Grimstad soils are in similar landscape positions but do not have the clayey underlying material. The moderately well and somewhat poorly drained Hilaire soils are on similar landscape positions and do not have a calcic horizon. The somewhat poorly and moderately well drained Ulen soils are on similar landscape positions but do not have clayey underlying material. The somewhat poorly drained Wheatville soils are on similar landscape positions but have a coarse-silty upper mantle.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Surface runoff is negigible or very low. The permeability is moderately rapid in the upper sandy mantle and slow in the underlying material. An apparent seasonal high water table is at depths of 2.5 to 4 feet during April to July in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are used to grow small grain, sunflowers, corn and hay. Some small areas are in woodland or pasture. Native vegetation is mixed tall grass prairie.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mainly in the Red River Valley of Minnesota and possibly North Dakota. Not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Polk County, Minnesota, 1994.
REMARKS: This soil in Pennington County was correlated as Grimstad variant due to limited acres. In other counties it was included with the Grimstad series. This soil was first proposed as an Aeric Calciaquoll subgroup.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - 0 to 14 inches (Ap and Ak); calcic horizon - 10 to 26 inches (Ak and Bk).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record Number is MN0426.