LOCATION HAUGEN WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Oxyaquic Paleudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Haugen sandy loam - on a 2 percent convex, southwest facing slope in a woods at an elevation of about 1200 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oi--0 to 2 inches; very slightly decomposed leaf litter; strongly acid.
A--2 to 7 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) sandy loam, gray(10YR 5/1) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; many fine and medium roots; 7 percent gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
Bw1--7 to 19 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) sandy loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and few medium roots; common fine tubular pores; 13 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bw2--19 to 29 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; many fine tubular pores; 10 percent gravel and about 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizon ranges from 3 to 20 inches.)
E/B-- 29 to 35 inches; about 70 percent brown (7.5YR 5/3) fine sandy loam (E), pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; weak thin platy structure parting to weak very fine subangular blocky; friable; extends as tongues into and surrounds remnants of dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) fine sandy loam (Bt); moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay films on the faces of peds; few fine roots; many fine and medium tubular pores; few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 9 percent gravel and about 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
B/E--35 to 59 inches; about 70 percent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) fine sandy loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay films on the faces of peds; penetrated by tongues of brown (7.5YR 5/3) fine sandy loam (E), pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; weak coarse platy structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots; many fine tubular pores; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 9 percent gravel and about 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Glossic horizon - 10 to 40 inches thick.)
Bt1--59 to 86 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) sandy loam; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few fine tubular pores; common faint reddish brown (5YR 4/4) clay bridges between mineral grains; 10 percent gravel and about 1 percent cobbles; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Cd--86 to 106 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) fine sandy loam; massive; firm; 12 percent gravel and about 1 percent cobbles; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Barron County, Wisconsin; about 1.25 miles west and 0.75 miles south of Mikana; 850 feet south and 1800 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 29, T. 36 N., R. 10 W.; USGS Rice Lake North, Wis. Quad. Latitude - 45 degrees 34 minutes 43 seconds N. Longitude - 91 degrees 37 minutes 44 seconds W. NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon and depth to densic contact range from 60 to more than 80 inches. The particle-size control section averages from 6 to 17 percent clay and from 55 to 80 percent fine sand or coarser. The base saturation (by sum of cations) is less than 60 percent in some part of the argillic horizon. Rock fragments are of mixed lithology and primarily of igneous origin and include no limestone or dolomite fragments. Volume of gravel ranges from 1 to 15 percent in the surface layer and from 5 to 35 percent in the subsoil and substratum. Volume of cobbles range from 0 to 5 percent and volume of stones range from 0 to 3 percent throughout. Surface stones have coverage ranging from 0 to 3 percent. Reaction typically ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the solum, but ranges to neutral in the Ap horizon where the soil is limed. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral in the substratum. Redox concentrations are within 40 inches. Saturation occurs within 40 inches at some time in most years.
The A horizon has value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. Cultivated pedons have an Ap horizon with hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture of the A or Ap horizon is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam.
Some pedons have an E horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 and 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or their gravelly analogs.
The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or their gravelly analogs. Bw horizon with spodic colors have pH of 6.0 or greater or have less than 0.6 percent organic.
Haugen soils have a glossic horizon (E/B or B/E horizons, or both). The E part has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors with moist chroma of 3 have moist value of 6 or more or dry value of 7 or more. Texture typically is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs, but in some pedons it is loamy sand or gravelly loamy sand. The Bt part has hue of 2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 3 to 6; and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs.
The Bt horizon has color like the Bt part described above. Texture is dominantly sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs. Bulk density ranges from 1.6 to 1.85 g/cm3. Some pedons have pockets, strata, or subhorizons of loamy sand or gravelly loamy sand.
Some pedons have a BCd horizon with hue of 2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR; value of 3 to 6; and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs. Bulk density ranges from 1.8 to 2.0 g/cm3. Some pedons have pockets, strata, or subhorizons of non-densic loamy sand, sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs.
The Cd horizon has hue of 2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR; value of 3 to 6; and chroma of 4 to 6. Texture is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs. Bulk density ranges from 1.8 to 2.0 g/cm3. Some pedons have pockets, strata, or subhorizons of non-densic loamy sand, sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Formed in sandy loam till or mudflow sediments of Late Wisconsinan Age.
Landform: End moraines and disintegration moraines of the Superior lobe.
Slope: 2 to 15 percent.
Elevation: 800 to 1950 feet.
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees.
Mean annual precipitation: 28 to 33 inches.
Frost-free days: 120 to 135 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Amery, Capitola, Freeon, Glendenning, Magnor, and Santiago soils.
The well drained Amery, somewhat poorly drained Glendenning, and very poorly drained Capitola soils are in a drainage sequence with Haugen soils. Amery soils are on more sloping or higher positions on the landscape. Glendenning soils are on footslopes, toe slopes, or lower less sloping areas. Capitola soils are in depressions or drainageways.
The well drained Santiago soils, the moderately well drained Freeon soils, and the somewhat poorly drained Magnor soils form a drainage sequence in nearby areas where there is a silty mantle 12 to 36 inches thick.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. The potential for surface runoff is low or medium. Permeability is moderate in the upper part of the subsoil, moderately slow in the lower part of the subsoil, and very slow in the substratum. Haugen soils have a perched seasonal water table at a depth of 2.5 to 3.5 feet for 1 month or more at some time during the period of September to June in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are used for woodland. Native vegetation is dominantly deciduous forest with northern red oak, northern pin oak, white oak, white ash, American basswood, quaking aspen, bigtooth aspen, American elm, yellow birch, sugar maple, and black cherry the common species. Some areas are used for cropland or pastureland.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Wisconsin. LRR K and MLRA 90A. This soil is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Barron County, Wisconsin 1993. Source of the name is a village in northern Barron County.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section - 35 to 55 inches.
Ochric epipedon - 2 to 35 inches (A, Bw1, Bw2, E/B)).
Albic horizon - 29 to 35 inches (E/B).
Glossic horizon - 29 to 59inches (E/B, B/E).
Argillic horizon - 35 to 86 inches (B/E, Bt).
Densic contact - the contact with dense till (Cd) at 86 inches.
Oxyaquic feature - redox accumulations and saturation within 40 inches.
The bulk density and platyness of the argillic horizon is considered to be relict of the till.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to soil survey sample number 90WI005001 for NSSL data on the typical pedon.