LOCATION HAYMARKET VA

Established Series
Rev. DKL-JHE-DDR
02/2022

HAYMARKET SERIES

Soils of the Haymarket Series are very deep, well drained to moderately well drained with moderately slow permeability. They formed in residuum that weathered from diabase and basalt of the Northern Piedmont uplands. Slopes range from about 0 to 15 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 36 inches and mean annual temperature is about 57 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Haymarket silt loam on a 5 percent slope in an oak-hickory type forest. (Colors are for moist soil.)

Oi--0 to 1 inch partially decomposed, hardwood leaves and twigs.

A--1 to 2 inch; dark brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many fine, medium and coarse roots; 1 percent gravel and cobbles of partially weathered diabase; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 2 inches thick)

E--2 to 10 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam; moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; common fine continuous pores; few fine black (10YR 2/1) concretions; 1 percent subrounded diabase gravel and cobbles; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)

Bt1--10 to 14 inches strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm, plastic, sticky; common fine and medium roots; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine dark brown (10YR 3/3) and black (10YR 2/1) concretions; 1 percent diabase gravel and cobbles; very strongly acid, clear smooth boundary.

Bt2--14 to 28 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay; strong fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm, very plastic, very sticky; common fine and medium roots; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; many fine and medium dark brown (10YR 3/3) and black (10YR 2/1) concretions and streaks; 1 percent diabase gravel and cobbles; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt3--28 to 39 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay; strong, medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm, very plastic, very sticky; common fine and medium roots; many prominent clay films on faces of peds; few slickensides and pressure faces; few dark brown (10YR 3/3) and black (10YR 2/1) concretions; 1 percent diabase gravel and cobbles; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt4--39 to 47 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silty clay loam; many fine and medium brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) white (10YR 8/1) and black (10YR 2/1) parent material mottling; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, plastic, very sticky; few fine roots; many distinct films of clay on faces of peds; common black (10YR 2/1) concretions and streaks; 1 percent diabase gravel and cobbles; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. Combine thickness of the B horizons ranges from 20 to 40 inches

C--47 to 73 inches; multicolored saprolite in shades of yellow, brown, white and black that crushes to loam; massive; friable, plastic sticky; few fine roots; common prominent flows of clay in the upper 6 inches; 1 percent diabase gravel and cobbles; moderately acid.

TYPE LOCATION: Prince William County, Virginia: In Conway-Robinson Memorial Park, about 1 mile west of Pageland Land, about 600 yds northwest of Route 29-211 and about 50 yds south of abandoned railroad bed.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 24 to 48 inches. Depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches. Rock fragments of diabase or basalt gravel and cobbles range from 0 to 15 percent in the A, E, and horizon and up to 25 percent in the C horizon. The soil is very strongly acid through moderately acid in the A, E, and B horizon and moderately acid through neutral in the C horizon.

The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 3 through 8. Lower chroma and value are common in the A or Ap horizons. The A horizon is silt loam, loam, silty clay loam or clay loam.

The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 through 6, and chroma of 3 through 8. It is silt loam, loam, silty clay loam or clay.

The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 through 6. Texture of the Bt is silty clay loam or clay. Thin BE and BC horizons, where present, are silt loam through clay. Black to dark brown concretions and streaks are few to many in the B horizon.

The C horizon is commonly multicolored in shades of brown, yellow, green, black and white. It is loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ainsworth, Brevator, Clinton, Hatton, Lunt, Ursa and Welda series. The Ainsworth, Clinton, Hatton, Ursa and Welda soils are dominantly formed in loess and do not have rock fragments of diabase or basalt. Brevator soils formed in local pedisediment and glacial till and have a lithologic discontinuity. The Lunt soil has rock fragments of rounded quartz.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Haymarket soils are on Northern Piedmont Plateau uplands and are commonly associated with the Triassic Region. Slope gradients range from 0 to 15 percent. These soils developed in residuum from intrusives such as diabase and basalt. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 36 to 44 inches and mean annual temperature ranges from 52 to 58 degrees F.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Legore, Limstrong, Montalto, and Waxpool soils. The Limstrong and Waxpool soils have a water table above 60 inches. The Legore soils have less clay. Montalto soils have redder and less plastic subsoils.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained to moderately well drained; medium runoff; permeability is moderate in the surface and moderately slow in the subsoil.

USE AND VEGETATION: The largest acreage is in mixed hardwood and pine forest. Many areas are used for the general crops corn, soybeans, hay and pasture. Few areas are used for homesites and commercial developments. Native vegetation is oak-hickory type forest of dominantly Loblolly Pine, Yellow-poplar, Northern Redoak and Virginia Pine.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Prince William County, Virginia, 1985.

REMARKS: The Haymarket Series has previously been included in the Mecklenburg series which is thermic and has mixed mineralogy.

02/2022 revision: Oi had 1 to 0 inch depths, corrected to be 0 to 1 in horizon depths then added 1 inch to all horizon depths throughout the typical pedon. WJN

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

1. Ochric epipedon-zone from 1 to 10 inches (A and E horizons)
2. Argillic horizon-zone from 10 to 47 inches (Bt horizons)
3. Base saturation greater than 60 percent at 60 inches

SIR=VA0185
MLRA=148
REVISED=7/30/91, MHC

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.