LOCATION HOOPPOLE ILEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Typic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Hooppole loam, on a nearly level convex slope, in a cultivated field, at an elevation of 189 meters (620 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Apk--0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches); black (N 2.5/0) loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; common fine roots; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.
Ak--18 to 30 centimeters (7 to 12 inches); black (N 2.5/0) loam, black (10YR 2/1) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; few fine roots; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
A--30 to 43 centimeters (12 to 17 inches); black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; friable; few fine roots; few fine faint dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the A horizon is 25 to 61 centimeters (10 to 24 inches) thick.]
BA--43 to 56 centimeters (17 to 22 inches); very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common prominent black (10YR 2/1) organic coatings on faces of peds; black (10YR 2/1) loamy krotovinas and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy krotovinas; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine faint grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches) thick]
Bg1--56 to 76 centimeters (22 to 30 inches); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coatings on faces of peds; very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) loamy krotovinas and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy krotovinas; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine faint grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Bg2--76 to 97 centimeters (30 to 38 inches); olive gray (5Y 5/2) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common dark gray (5Y 4/1) organic coatings on faces of peds; very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) loamy krotovinas; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine faint gray (5Y 6/1) iron depletions in the matrix; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bg horizon is 30 to 61 centimeters (12 to 24 inches) thick.]
Bg3--97 to 112 centimeters (38 to 44 inches); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common dark gray (5Y 4/1) organic coatings on faces of peds; black (10YR 2/1) loamy krotovinas; few fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; few fine distinct gray (5Y 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary. [0 to 20 centimeters (0 to 8 inches) thick]
2Cg--112 to 152 centimeters (44 to 60 inches); very dark gray (5Y 3/1) and grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) sand; single grain; loose; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 108-Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift, Bureau County, Illinois subset; about 6 miles north of Mineral; about 143 meters (470 feet) south and (591 meters (1,940 feet) west of northeast corner of section 18 T. 17 N., R. 6 E.; USGS Mineral quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 27 minutes 55 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 50 minutes 46 seconds W.; NAD 27; UTM zone 16, 262308 easting and 4594324 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mollic epipedon ranges from 25 to 61 centimeters (10 to 24 inches) in thickness. The depth to sandy materials ranges from 102 to 152 centimeters (40 to 60 inches). These soils contain 0 to 15 percent by volume of rock fragments of mixed lithology. Carbonates are in all parts of the fine-earth fraction between 25 and 50 centimeters (10 and 20 inches). The particle-size control section ranges from 20 to 35 percent clay and 15 to 60 percent sand coarser than very fine sand. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline in all parts. The calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 5 to 30 percent.
The Apk, Ak, and A horizons have hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or is neutral, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 0 or 1. They are clay loam, loam, silty clay loam, or silt loam.
The BA, Bg, or Bkg horizon has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is clay loam, loam, silty clay loam, silt loam, sandy loam or sandy clay loam.
The 2Cg horizon has hue of 10YR, 7.5YR, 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 4. Sand content ranges from 75 to 95 percent. It is sand or loamy sand. Some pedons have segregations of carbonates in the form of threads and soft masses. The calcium carbonate equivalent is generally higher in the 2Cg horizon than in the mollic epipedon or cambic horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Canisteo, Hetz, Jeffers, Kish, and Tilfer series. All these soils, except the Tilfer soils, average less than 75 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Tilfer soils have a lithic contact between depths of 51 to 102 centimeters (20 and 40 inches).
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Hooppole soils have concave to slightly convex slopes with gradients of 0 to 2 percent in shallow closed depressions on outwash plains. They formed in loamy outwash and are underlain by sandy materials. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 9 to 11 degrees C (48 to 52 degrees F). Mean annual precipitation ranges from 76 to 97 centimeters (30 to 38 inches). The frost-free period ranges from 160 to 175 days. The elevation ranges from 165 to 311 meters (540 to 1,020 feet) above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Gilford, Harpster, Pella, Prophetstown, and Selma soils. These soils are in similar positions on outwash plains. Gilford soils have a clay content of less than 18 percent in the particle-size control section. Harpster, Pella, and Prophetstown soils have a sand content of less than 15 percent in the particle-size control section. Selma soils are not calcareous in all parts of the fine-earth fraction between 25 and 50 centimeters (10 and 20 inches).
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Saturation occurs within a depth of 0.3 meters (1 foot) of the surface during spring normal years and is considered apparent. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high or high. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Ponding is occasional or frequent for long duration.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are cultivated. The principal crops are corn and soybeans. The native vegetation is a wet-site community of the tall grass prairie.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Physiographic Division--Interior Plains
Physiographic Province--Central Lowland
Physiographic section--Till plains
MLRA--Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift (108)
LRR M; Illinois
Extent--small
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Bureau County, Illinois, 1996
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section--the zone from a depth of 25 to 100 centimeters (10 to 39 inches) (Ak, A, BA, Bg1, Bg2, and Bg3 horizons);
series control section--the zone from the surface to a depth of 150 centimeters (0 to 59 inches) (Apk, Ak, A, BA, Bg1, Bg2, Bg3, and 2Cg horizons).
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
mollic epipedon--the zone from the surface of the soil to a depth of 56 centimeters (0 to 22 inches) (Apk, Ak, A, and BA horizons);
cambic horizon--the zone from a depth of 43 to 112 centimeters (17 to 44 inches) (BA, Bg1, Bg2, and Bg3 horizons);
calcareous family--carbonates are in all parts of the fine-earth fraction between 25 and 50 centimeters (10 and 20 inches);
aquic moisture regime.
Cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from similar soils in the surrounding area.
Taxonomy version--Keys to Soil Taxonomy, ninth edition, 2003.
These soils were previously mapped as a sandy substratum phase of Canisteo soils.