LOCATION HOYTVILLE OH+IN MI

Established Series
Rev. DNM-RAR-MHD-DWB
06/2016

HOYTVILLE SERIES

The Hoytville series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils that are deep or very deep to dense till. They formed in clayey till and are on wave-worked till plains, nearshore zones, and water-lain moraines. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 871 mm, and mean annual air temperature is about 10 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, illitic, mesic Mollic Epiaqualfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Hoytville clay loam, on a nearly level surface in a cultivated field at an elevation of 213 meters above m.s.l. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 23 cm; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; firm; common fine roots throughout; common fine distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; 2 percent rock fragments (subangular limestone and shale); slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (15 to 23 cm thick)

Btg1--23 to 46 cm; dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) clay; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very firm; few fine roots between peds; few distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; few distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic stains on faces of peds; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese threads in the matrix; 2 percent rock fragments (subrounded igneous, and subangular limestone and shale); neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Btg2--46 to 69 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots between peds; common faint gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese threads in the matrix; 2 percent rock fragments (subangular limestone and shale); neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Btg3--69 to 107 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky; firm; few fine roots between peds; common faint gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common medium distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese threads in the matrix; 2 percent rock fragments (subrounded igneous, and subangular limestone and shale); slightly effervescent discontinuously at 94 cm; strongly effervescent at 102 cm; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt--107 to 132 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay; weak coarse angular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots between peds; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) clay films on vertical faces of peds; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; common fine and medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese threads in the matrix; 3 percent rock fragments (subrounded igneous, and subangular limestone and shale); strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of Btg and Bt horizons is 46 to 127 cm.)

BC--132 to 152 cm; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse angular blocky; firm; few fine roots between peds; common distinct gray (10YR 5/1) coatings on vertical faces of prisms; few distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) carbonate coatings on vertical faces of prisms; few continuous prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) hypocoats beneath the carbonate coatings; common fine and medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese threads in the matrix; common medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) carbonate masses of vertical faces of prisms; 5 percent rock fragments (subrounded igneous, and subangular limestone and shale); strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 41 cm thick)

Cd1--152 to 183 cm; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam; massive, with widely spaced vertical fractures; very firm; few distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) carbonate coatings on faces of fractures; few discontinuous prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) hypocoats beneath the carbonate coatings; common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; common fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese threads on faces of fractures; common fine distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) carbonate masses on faces of fractures; 5 percent rock fragments (subrounded igneous, and subangular limestone and shale); strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Cd2--183 to 213 cm; brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam; massive; very firm; common fine faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix; common fine distinct black (10YR 2/1) manganese threads in the matrix; 5 percent rock fragments (subrounded igneous, and subangular limestone and shale); strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Wood County, Ohio; Henry Township; Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Northwestern Branch; 2000 feet east and 1000 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 18, T. 3 N., R. 10 E.; USGS Hoytville, Ohio topographic quadrangle; lat. 41 degrees 12 minutes 52.45 seconds N. and long. 83 degrees 45 minutes 30.26 seconds W., NAD 83

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Thickness of the solum: 102 to 165 cm
Depth to base of argillic: 102 to 140 cm
Depth to carbonates: 76 to 140 cm
Depth to dense till: 127 to 178 cm
Depth to bedrock: greater than 200 cm
Rock fragments: mixed glacial erratics (limestone, dolostone, shale, igneous and metamorphic lithologies)

Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 2, 2.5 or 3 (4 or 5 dry)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: clay, silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral

Some pedons have an AB or BA horizon

Btg horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: clay, silty clay, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Rock fragment content: 1 to 10 percent
Reaction: slightly acid or neutral in upper part, neutral to moderately alkaline in lower part

Bt horizon (where present):
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: clay, silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay loam
Rock fragment content: 1 to 10 percent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

BC or BCg horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Rock fragment content: 2 to 10 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Cd or Cdg horizon:
Hue: 10YR to 5Y
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 1 to 6
Texture: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Rock fragment content: 2 to 10 percent
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 30 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Lorain, Miner, and Monee series. Lorain soils have less than 2 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. Miner soils have calcium carbonate equivalent of less than 15 percent in the lower part of the series control section. Monee soils have an albic horizon.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: : Hoytville soils are on wave-worked till plains, nearshore zones, and water-lain moraines of late Wisconsinan age. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent. Hoytville soils formed in clayey till. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 720 to 960 mm . Mean annual air temperature ranges from 7 to 11 degrees C. Frost-free period is 135 to 210 days. Elevation is 174 to 244 meters above mean sea level.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Nappanee, St. Clair, and Toussaint soils. The somewhat poorly drained Nappanee soils and the moderately well drained St. Clair soils are in a catena with Hoytville soils. They are on slight rises, and on back slopes and shoulders of nearby knolls and ridges. In areas where the Toussaint and Hoytville soils are adjacent, the Toussaint soils are on slightly lower positions than the Hoytville soils.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Very poorly drained. A perched water table ranges from 30 cm (1 ft) above the surface to 30 cm (1 ft) below the surface from January to April in normal years. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately low or moderately high in the upper part of the solum, moderately low in the lower part of the solum, and very low in the substratum. The potential for surface runoff is negligible or very low.

USE AND VEGETATION: Nearly all of the Hoytville soils are cultivated. Corn, soybeans and wheat are the principal crops. Some areas are used for specialty crops, such as tomatoes and sugar beets. A relatively small proportion is in woodland. The native vegetation is deciduous swamp forest, primarily swamp white oak, bur oak, pin oak, elm, hickory, ash, cottonwood, basswood, and soft maple with some marsh grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Hoytville series occurs primarily in MLRA 99 in northwestern Ohio, northeastern Indiana, and southeastern Michigan, and to a minor extent in MLRA 96 in west-central Michigan. The series is of large extent, about 850,000 acres.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Paulding County, Ohio, 1957.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon (mollic intergrade): from the surface to a depth of 23 cm (Ap horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 23 to 132 cm (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, and Bt horizons).
Aquic conditions: from the surface to a depth of 213 cm.
Densic contact: at 152 cm (Cd1 horizon).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory characterization data from The Ohio State University Soil Characterization Laboratory is available for WD-84, the typical pedon. Additional laboratory and transect data is on file at the MLRA Project Office in Flint, MI.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.