LOCATION IDWAY                   NV

Established Series
Rev. JVC/JBF
11/2016

IDWAY SERIES

Idway series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Idway soils are on alluvial flats, beach plains, and basin-floor remnants. Slopes are 0 to 4 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 230 cm and the mean annual air temperature is about 8 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcids

TYPICAL PEDON: Idway loamy sand--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) The soil surface is partially covered with 25 percent gravel.

A--0 to 10 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) loamy sand, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; strong thick platy structure parting to strong thin platy; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 15 cm thick)

Bw1--10 to 18 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; moderate thick platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores and few tubular; 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (8 to 28 cm thick)

Bw2--18 to 30 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores and few very fine tubular; 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 15 cm thick)

Bqk1--30 to 50 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores and few very fine tubular; 30 percent cylindrical durinodes 0.6 to 1.2 cm in diameter and 2.5 to 7.5 cm platy durinodes; 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear wavy boundary. (18 to 41 cm thick)

Bqk2--50 to 69 cm; light gray (10YR 7/2) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; strong thick platy structure parting to strong thin platy; hard, firm and brittle, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots in pockets and few in matrix; many very fine interstitial pores and few very fine tubular; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) organic stains on plate surfaces, root mats, and along root channels; 60 percent strongly cemented matrix, 30 percent weak and 10 percent noncemented pockets of loamy sand; 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.4); abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 20 cm thick)

2Cqk--69 to 152 cm; variegated stratified gravelly coarse sand to sand; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; many very fine interstitial pores; 10 percent 2.5 to 7.5 cm thick discontinuous cemented lenses; 30 percent gravel; few carbonate and silica pendants on bottoms of rock fragments; slightly effervescent; very strongly alkaline (pH 9.6).

TYPE LOCATION: Elko County, Nevada; about 11 miles southeast of Currie; approximately 2,500 feet west and 300 feet south of the northeast corner of section 17, T. 26 N., R. 65 E.; USGS Goshute Lake South 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; longitude 40 degrees 08 minutes 04 seconds N and longitude 114 degrees 39 minutes 56 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 40.1344444 latitude, -114.6655556 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually moist in late fall through early spring, dry mid-spring through mid-fall; aridic soil moisture regime that borders on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to durinodes: 25 to 50 cm.
Depth to strongly contrasting sandy materials: 64 to 100 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 8 to 18 percent in the upper part and 2 to 8 percent in the strongly contrasting lower part; Rock fragments: Averages 0 to 5 percent in the upper part and 20 to 50 percent in the strongly contrasting lower part.

A horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 3 through 6 moist.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent.
Sodicity (SAR): 1 to 5.

Bw horizons
Value 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
Rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent.
Structure: Platy and subangular blocky.
Consistence: Nonsticky to slightly sticky.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent.
Sodicity (SAR): 1 to 5.

Bqk horizons
Value 6 or 7 dry, 5 or 6 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Loam or sandy loam.
Rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent.
Structure: Platy, subangular blocky or massive.
Reaction: Strongly alkaline or very strongly alkaline.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent.
Sodicity (SAR): 5 to 12.
Secondary silica: 30 to 80 percent durinodes.

2Cqk horizon
Texture: Stratified extremely gravelly coarse sand to fine sand.
Structure: Massive or single grain.
Reaction: Strongly alkaline or very strongly alkaline.
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 1 to 5 percent.
Sodicity (SAR): 5 to 12.
Secondary silica: 0 to 15 percent discontinuous silica and carbonate cemented matrix.

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Buko series. Buko soils have B horizons with clay content of 18 to 35 percent and texture of clay loam or silty clay loam.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Idway soils are on alluvial flats, beach plains, and basin-floor remnants. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Slopes are 0 to 4 percent. Elevations range from 1,710 to 1,895 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 250 mm, the mean annual temperature is 8 to 9 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 100 to 120 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Kawich, Kunzler, and Mysol soils. Kawich soils are on stable sand dunes. Kunzler soils are coarse-loamy and have a calcic horizon. Mysol soils are fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow runoff; moderate over rapid permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Idway soils are used for rangeland and wildlife habitat. The present vegetation is mainly Wyoming big sagebrush, black greasewood, Indian ricegrass, and basin wildrye.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northeastern Nevada. These soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 28B.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Elko County, Nevada, Southeast Part, 1994.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A and Bw1 horizons).
Cambic horizon - The zone from 10 to 30 cm (Bw1 and Bw2 horizons).
Calcic horizon - The zone from 30 to 69 cm (Bqk1 and Bqk2 horizons).
Durinodes - The zone from 30 to 69 cm (Bqk1 and Bqk2 horizons).
Major lithologic discontinuity - The abrupt change to sandy material at 69 cm (2Cqk horizon).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (Bqk1, Bqk2, parts of the Bw2 and 2Cqk horizons).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Previous authors and editors include: LJL-PWB-RLB.

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.