LOCATION IMMOKALEE FL
Established Series
Rev. AGH-CAP-AMS
11/2017
IMMOKALEE SERIES
The Immokalee series consists of very deep, very poorly and poorly drained soils that formed in sandy marine sediments. Immokalee soils are on flatwoods and low broad flats on marine terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 1397 millimeters (55 inches) and the mean annual temperature is about 22 degrees C (72 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic Arenic Alaquods
TYPICAL PEDON: Immokalee fine sand in a forest at elevation of about 12 meters (40 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil).
A--0 to 15 centimeters (0 to 6 inches); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) fine sand; mixture of organic matter and light gray (10YR 7/1) sand grains that have a salt-and-pepper appearance when dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. [5 to 25 centimeters (2 to 10 inches) thick]
E1--15 to 30 centimeters (6 to 12 inches); gray (10YR 5/1) fine sand; single grain; loose; common fine and medium roots; many coarse faint gray (10YR 6/1) areas having less organic matter than the matrix and few coarse distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) masses having more organic matter than the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
E2--30 to 89 centimeters (12 to 35 inches); white (10YR 8/1) fine sand; single grain; loose; few fine, medium and coarse roots; few fine distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) streaks in root channels that have more organic matter than the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the E horizons ranges from 66 to 127 centimeters (26 to 50 inches) thick]
Bh1--89 to 109 centimeters (35 to 43 inches); black (10YR 2/1) fine sand; lower 2 inches grades to dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) areas with less organic matter than the matrix; weak fine granular structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bh2--109 to 137 centimeters (43 to 54 inches); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) fine sand; single grain; loose; few fine and medium roots; common fine and medium dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) areas with more organic carbon than the matrix; few fine distinct gray (10YR 5/1) sand lenses and pockets having less organic matter than the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bh horizons ranges from 25 to 127 centimeters (10 to 50 inches) thick]
BC--137 to 203 centimeters (54 to 80 inches); brown (10YR 4/3) loamy fine sand; single grain; loose; few fine faint dark brown (10YR 3/3) areas having more organic matter than the matrix; few fine distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) and light gray (10YR 7/1) areas that have less organic matter than the matrix; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Okeechobee County, Florida; approximately 11.3 kilometers (7.0 miles) north of the center of the town of Okeechobee; about 422 meters (1,385 feet) east and 35 meters (115 feet) north of the southwest corner of Sec. 10, T. 36 S., R. 35 E. Latitude and Longitude; 27 degrees 20 minute 45.320 seconds, north and 80 degrees 49 minutes 22.44 degrees west, WSG84.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture control section: 30 to 90 centimeters (12 to 36 inches)
Solum thickness range: 152 to 203 centimeters (60 to 80 inches) or more
Aquic conditions: 0 to 30 centimeters (0 to 12 inches)
Ochric epipedon: 76 to 127 centimeters (30 to 50 inches)
Depth to albic horizon: 5 to 25 centimeters (2 to 10 inches)
Depth to spodic horizon: 76 to 127 centimeters (30 to 50 inches)
Depth to endosaturation: 15 to 46 centimeters (6 to 18 inches)
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid throughout (pH 3.5 to 6.0); limestone phases are strongly acid to slightly alkaline (pH 5.1 to 7.8)
Particle-size control section (weighted averages):
Clay content: 0 to 12 percent
Fine sand content: 30 to 75 percent
A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 10YR or Neutral
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sand or sand
Clay content: 0 to 7 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/centimeter): 0 to 2
E horizon:
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y, or Neutral
Value: 5 to 8
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sand or sand
Clay content: 0 to 5 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/centimeter): 0 to 2
Redoximorphic features: depletions or concentrations, 1 to 20 percent, and fine or medium in size
Transitional horizon 0.5 to 2 inches thick may occur.
Bh horizon:
Hue: 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Value: 2 or 3
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: fine sand, sand, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand
Coated sand grains: most are coated with organic material.
Clay content: 2 to 12 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/centimeter): 0 to 2
Organic matter depletions: faint or distinct, fine or medium, none to common
Some pedons contain tonguing of E horizon material.
BC or BCg horizons, where present:
Hue: 7.5 YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: fine sand or sand
Clay content: 0 to 8 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/centimeter): 0 to 2
Some pedons have transitional horizons with medium and coarse fragments of Bh materials.
Bw horizons, where present:
Hue: 7.5 YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: fine sand, sand, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand
Clay content: 0 to 12 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/centimeter): 0 to 2
Some pedons have transitional organic streaking or mottles in shades of yellow, brown, and gray.
C or Cg horizons, where present:
Hue: 7.5 YR or 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 1 to 4
Texture: fine sand or sand
Clay content: 0 to 8 percent
Rock fragments: 0
EC (mmhos/centimeter): 0 to 2
Some pedons have transitional organic streaking or mottles in shades of yellow, brown, and gray.
In some pedons, there is a second sequum of E' and B'h horizons. Where present, they have the same range of colors and textures as the E and Bh horizons.
Limestone substratum phases are recognized. Where present, they have 2Cr or R horizons of soft or soft and hard porous limestone below a depth of 102 centimeters (40 inches) with solution holes filed with sand and rock. These need to be investigated to determine if a new series is necessary.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Sandy marine sediments
Landscape: Lower Coastal Plain
Landform: low broad flats and flatwoods on marine terraces
Slopes: 0 to 2 percent
Elevation: 0 to 40 meters (0 to 130 feet)
Mean annual temperature: 20 to 25 degrees C (68 to 77 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 1118 to 1524 millimeters (44 to 60 inches)
Frost-free period: 335 to 365 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Basinger soils have weakly expressed spodic horizons and are on similar landform positions.
EauGallie,
Electra,
Oldsmar,
Pomona, and
Wabasso soils have argillic horizons below the spodic horizon and are on similar landform positions.
Myakka and
Smyrna soils have spodic horizons less than 76 centimeters (30 inches) from the surface and are on similar landform positions.
Placid soils lack spodic horizons, have dark surface horizons greater than 25 centimeters (10 inches) thick, and are on similar landform positions.
St. Johns soils have thicker darker surface horizons and are on slightly lower positions except for depressional phases.
St. Lucie soils lack spodic horizons, have seasonal high water tables at depths of greater than 183 centimeters (72 inches) and are on higher landform positions.
Wauchula soils have argillic horizons below the spodic materials and are on similar landform positions.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class: Poorly drained; very poorly drained in depressional and ponded phases
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat): very high or high in the A and E horizons and moderately high and high in the Bh horizon.
Permeability: rapid or very rapid in the A and E horizons and moderate or moderately rapid permeability in the Bh horizon.
Runoff: negligible to very low
Depth to seasonal high water table: 15 to 30 centimeters (6 to 18 inches) of the surface for 1 to 4 months during most years, 30 to 107 centimeters (18 to 36 inches) for 2 to 10 months during most years, and it is below 60 inches during extended dry periods.
Depressional phases are ponded 0 to 30 centimeters (0 to 12 inches) for 6 to 9 months each year.
USE AND VEGETATION:
Under natural conditions Immokalee soils are used for water quality, forestry, and wildlife habitat. Large areas with adequate water management are used for citrus, truck crops, pastureland, and range.
Potential native vegetation consists of longleaf and slash pine with an undergrowth of sawpalmetto, gallberry, waxmyrtle and pineland threeawn. In depressions, water tolerant plants such as cypress, loblollybay gorodonia, red maple, sweetbay, maidencane, blue maidencane, chalky bluestem, sand cordgrass and bluejoint panicum are more common.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
Major Land Resource Area (MLRA): Southern Florida Flatwoods (MLRA 155), South Central Florida Ridge (MLRA 154), Southern Florida Lowlands (MLRA 156B), Everglades and Associated Areas (MLRA 156A)
Extent: Large
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama.
SERIES ESTABLISHED:
Everglades Project Area, Florida; 1945.
REMARKS:
Particle sized control section: 25 to 100 centimeters (10 to 40 inches)
Diagnostic horizons and features in this pedon:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 89 centimeters (0 to 35 inches) (A, E1, and E2)
Albic horizon - 15 to 89 centimeters (6 to 35 inches) (E1 and E2)
Spodic horizon - 89 to 137 centimeters (35 to 54 inches) (Bh1 and Bh2)
Aquic conditions - 15 to 30 centimeters (6 to 18 inches); in ponded and depressional phases 0 to 30 centimeters (0 to 12 inches)
Endosaturation - 0 to 30 centimeters (0 to 12 inches) during the wet season in ponded and depressional phases; 30 to 107 centimeters (12 to 42 inches) during the rest of the year, except during extended dry periods.
Soil classified according to the 12th Edition of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy.
Ponded, depressional, and limestone substratum phases need to be investigated to determine if a new series is necessary.
ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data is available on the National Soil Survey website at: http://ncsslabdatamart.sc.egov.usda.gov/querypage.aspx
OSD User Site ID: 1997FL093002
OSD Pedon Site ID: 1997FL093002
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.