LOCATION JARALOSA NMEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Oxyaquic Ustifluvents
TYPICAL PEDON: Jaralosa very fine sandy loam--on a planar flood plain sloping 1 percent to the west at 5,720 feet elevation--riparian forestland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted. When described, the soil was dry from 0 to 15 inches, slightly moist from 15 to 37 inches, moist from 37 to 56 inches, and wet from 56 to 66 inches with a water table present at 66 inches.)
A--0 to 1 inch; brown (7.5YR 5/3) very fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium granular structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few medium, common fine, and many very fine roots; few coarse and common medium tubular pores; many earthworm casts; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)
AC1--1 to 6 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) loamy very fine sand, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; weak coarse granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few medium, common fine, and common very fine roots; few coarse, few fine, and few very fine tubular pores; few earthworm casts; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
AC2--6 to 10 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) very fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate coarse granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few coarse, few medium, many fine, and common very fine roots; few coarse, few fine, and common very fine tubular pores; many earthworm casts; few fine faint brown (7.5YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
ACnz--10 to 16 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/3) very fine sandy loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; moderate coarse granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few coarse, few medium, many fine, and common very fine roots; few coarse, few fine, and common very fine tubular pores; common earthworm casts; few lenses of loamy very fine sand; few fine sodium salt crystals on cut surfaces of horizon; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
Cnz1--16 to 22 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/3) loamy very fine sand, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few coarse, few medium, common fine, and common very fine roots; few fine and few very fine tubular pores; few thin strata of very fine sandy loam; few medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; few fine sodium salt crystals on cut surfaces of horizon; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear smooth boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)
Cnz2--22 to 35 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/3) stratified very fine sandy loam and loamy very fine sand, brown (7.5YR 4/3 and 7.5YR 5/3) moist; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; few coarse, few medium, few fine, and common very fine roots; few fine and few very fine tubular pores; few lenses of fine sand and one lense of silt loam; common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; few fine sodium salt crystals on cut surfaces of horizon; slightly and strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); abrupt wavy boundary. (7 to 20 inches thick)
2C1--35 to 42 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/3) stratified sand to gravelly coarse sand, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and few very fine roots; 10 to 30 percent gravel; very slightly and slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear smooth boundary. (7 to 21 inches thick)
2C2--42 to 53 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/3) stratified gravelly coarse sand and very gravelly coarse sand, brown (7.5YR 5/3) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; 25 to 45 percent gravel and 0 to 5 percent cobbles; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); clear wavy boundary. (11 to 22 inches thick)
2C3--53 to 84 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/3) very gravelly coarse sand, brown (7.5YR 5/4) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; 40 percent gravel and 10 percent cobbles; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0).
TYPE LOCATION: Santa Fe County, New Mexico; on the Pojoaque Indian Reservation about 1.75 miles west of Pojoaque; USGS Espanola 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; 600 feet east and 2,400 feet north of the southwest corner of section 12, T.19N., R.8E.; Latitude 35 degrees 53 minutes 29 seconds North and Longitude 106 degrees 3 minutes 6.5 seconds West, NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture - The soil moisture control section is moist in all parts during the 60 days following the winter solstice. It is moist in some part less than 40 percent and moist in all parts less than 25 percent of the time when the soil temperature at 20 inches is above 41 degrees F. The soil moisture control sections of these soils are driest in May and June. The soil moisture regime is ustic bordering on aridic. The lower 2C horizon is saturated with ground water for at least one month in most years. Water within the capillary fringe moistens horizons above the upper boundary of saturation. This soil occurs in part of its range where adjacent soils are in an aridic (torric) moisture regime bordering on ustic. Moisture from flood waters and/or capillary rise above the water table create an ustic moisture regime in the soils of these areas.
Mean annual soil temperature - 49 to 54 degrees F.
Depth to redox concentrations - 6 to 16 inches
Depth to endosaturation - 40 to 60 inches
Depth to major lithologic discontinuity of sandy material - 15 to 38 inches
Mica content - 1 to 5 percent in coarse silt to fine sand fractions
Lithology of rock fragments: granite, gneiss, and schist.
Particle-size control section (weighted averages)
Upper part
Silicate clay content: 6 to 10 percent
Sand content: 45 to 80 percent
Fine to coarse sands content: 15 to 45 percent
Rock fragment content: 0 to 5 percent
Lower part
Silicate clay content: 0 to 1 percent
Sand content: 75 to 95 percent
Fine to coarse sands content: greater than 75 percent
Rock fragment content: 15 to 35 percent
Reaction - slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline in the surface; moderately alkaline to strongly alkaline in the subsurface horizon and upper part of the underlying materials; slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline in the lower part of the underlying materials
Calcium carbonate equivalent - 1 to 3 percent in the upper loamy horizons; trace amounts (less than 1 percent) in the lower sandy horizons
Salinity, mmhos/cm - 0 to 2 in the upper loamy horizons; 0 to 1 in the lower sandy horizons
Sodicity, SAR - 0 to 4 in the upper loamy horizons; 0 to 1 in the lower sandy horizons
A horizon
Value: 5 or 6 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3 moist
Other features: in some pedons this horizon has evidence of mixing and burrowing by earthworms
AC horizons
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry, 2 through 4 moist
Texture: loamy very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
Other features: pedons have thin strata, lenses, and laminae ranging in texture from loamy sand to loam; some pedons have few redox concentrations of iron as masses or pore linings; some pedons have subhorizons with visible sodium salts
C horizons
Value: 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 through 4, dry or moist
Texture: stratified loamy very fine sand to fine sandy loam
Other features: pedons have thin strata, lenses, and laminae ranging in texture from silt loam to loamy fine sand; pedons have few to common redox concentrations of iron as masses or pore linings; some pedons have subhorizons with visible sodium salts
2C horizons
Value: 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 3 or 4 dry or moist
Texture: stratified sand to very gravelly coarse sand
Rock fragments: total range is 10 to 55 percent, averaging 20 to 40 percent with:
20 to 30 gravel
0 to 10 cobbles
Other features: some pedons have few redox concentrations of iron as masses; some pedons have few thin strata or laminae of very fine sandy loam or fine sandy loam
COMPETING SERIES: At present, there are no other series in this family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Jaralosa soils are on narrow flood plains and point bars of valley floors with intermittent streams. They formed in alluvium derived from Tertiary micaceous sandstone and siltstone over alluvium derived from Precambrian granite, gneiss, and schist.. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. Elevation ranges from 5,300 to 7,200 feet. The mean annual precipitation is 9 to 14 inches with about 45 percent falling as rain from high-intensity convective thunderstorms between July and September. The mean annual air temperature is 47 to 52 degrees F. The frost-free period is 140 to 170 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bosquecito, Cuyamungue, and Mirada soils. Bosquecito soils are coarse-loamy, have seasonal high water tables between 2 and 3.5 feet, and occur on low flood plains. Cuyamungue soils are sandy-skeletal, have seasonal high water tables between 5 and 8 feet, and occur on low flood plains below Jaralosa. Mirada soils are coarse-loamy, have seasonal high water tables near the soil surface, and occur on low flood plains.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; very low surface runoff; moderately rapid permeability in the upper part of the profile and very rapid permeability in the underlying sandy horizons. These soils are subject to occasional, extremely brief periods of flooding between July and September. Floodwaters have low velocity and are generally less than 2 feet deep. A seasonal high water table is present between 3.5 and 5.0 feet (for at least one month in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Jaralosa soils are used for livestock grazing, recreation, and wildlife habitat. The historic climax vegetation is cottonwood, sedge, and willow. The ecological site is Populus fremontii/Salix exigua-salix/Carex(F036XB137NM)..
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Jaralosa soils are of small extent on the southeastern Espanola Basin part of the Basin and Range province in northcentral New Mexico. The MLRA is 36.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Santa Fe County, New Mexico; Santa Fe Area Soil Survey Update; 2008. Jaralosa is the name of a ranch.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to a depth of about 1 inch. (A horizon)
Fluventic feature - Alluvial stratification and an irregular organic-carbon distribution.
Lithologic discontinuity - The abrupt change to sandy material at about 35 inches. (2C1, 2C2, and 2C3 horizons)
Endosaturation feature - The condition of ground water with an upper boundary between 3.5 and 5 feet for a least one month in most years.
Particle-size control section - The zone from 10 to 40 inches (ACnz, Cnz1, Cnz2, and part of the 2C1 horizon)
Series control section - The zone from 0 to 60 inches.
Note: the redox concentrations in this soil may possibly be relict features inherited from past soil moisture conditions.
ADDITIONAL DATA: The series type location has been sampled for full characterization by the Soil Survey Laboratory (SSL), Lincoln, NE, as soil survey sample number S97NM-049-006.