LOCATION JORNAHAM NMEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Ustic Calcigypsids
TYPICAL PEDON: Jornaham cobbly fine sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 2 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) cobbly fine sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and very fine roots; 10 percent pebbles and 10 percent cobbles; slightly effervescent with disseminated lime; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (1 to 3 inches thick)
Bk1--2 to 9 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) cobbly sandy loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine roots; 15 percent pebbles and 10 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent; calcium carbonate as pendants on the underside of rock fragments; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
Bk2--9 to 19 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/4) gravelly loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; 15 percent pebbles and 5 percent cobbles; violently effervescent; calcium carbonate as thin coatings on rock fragments; slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (7 to 10 inches thick)
Bk3--19 to 27 inches; pink (7.5YR 8/4) gravelly loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots; 20 percent pebbles and 5 percent cobbles; strongly effervescent; calcium carbonate as coatings on rock fragments and common medium concretions; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
Bk4--27 to 34 inches; pink (7.5YR 7/4) gravelly fine sandy loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine roots; 20 percent pebbles; slightly effervescent with calcium carbonates segregated in common fine rounded masses; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 7 inches thick)
By1--34 to 46 inches; pink (7.5YR 8/4) gravelly gypsiferous loam, light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; massive; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 20 percent pebbles; few fine irregular shaped gypsum crystals; slightly effervescent; calcium carbonate as thin coatings on the underside of rock fragments; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 20 inches thick)
By2--46 to 60 inches; pink (7.5YR 8/4) gravelly gypsiferous fine sandy loam, pink (7.5YR 7/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; 15 percent pebbles; common fine gypsum crystals; slightly effervescent with disseminated calcium carbonate; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Socorro County, New Mexico; about 20 miles northeast of Socorro, 450 feet west and 260 feet south of the northeast corner of section 7, T. 1 S., R. 5 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Depth to calcic horizon: 6 to 22 inches
Depth to gypsic horizon: 17 to 37 inches
A horizon:
Percent clay: 12 to 18 inches
Percent rock fragments: 10 to 15 cobbles, 5 to 20 percent pebbles
Bk horizon: Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 to 8 dry, 4 to 7 moist
Percent clay: 15 to 18
Percent rock fragments: 0 to 10 cobbles, 15 to 25 pebbles
Percent calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 40
By horizon: Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 7 or 8 dry, 6 or 7 moist
Apparent texture: gravelly loam or gravelly sandy loam
Percent clay: 12 to 18
Percent calcium carbonate equivalent: 5 to 15 percent
Gypsum content: 25 to 30 percent
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other competing series in the same family. Similar soils are the Claunch, Milner and Trident series. Claunch soils are fine-loamy and have less than 15 percent rock fragments. Milner soils have gypsic mineralogy and are fine-silty. Trident soils are fine-silty and have durinodes.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Jornaham soils are on ridges, fan terraces and knolls. Slopes range from 2 to 10 percent. The average annual precipitation is 10 to 13 inches, and the average annual air temperature is 53 to 57 degrees F. The average frost-free period is 150 to 180 days. Elevation ranges from 5700 to 6300 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are La Fonda, Netoma, Rayohill, and Winona soils. La Fonda is fine-loamy and does not have a calcic horizon. Netoma has a non-gravelly control section. Rayohill is moderately deep to gypsum bedrock. Winona is shallow to limestone.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff is low on 2 to 5 percent slopes and medium on 5 to 10 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Jornaham soils are used for livestock grazing. Native vegetation includes ring muhly, black grama, blue grama, yucca and juniper.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Jornaham soils are of small extent in east central New Mexico.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Socorro County, New Mexico, 1984.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric horizon: 0 to 2 inches. (A horizon)
Calcic horizon: 19 to 27 inches. (Bk3 horizon)
Gypsic horizon: 34 to 60 inches. (By1 and By2 horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Lab data, NSSL; S83NM-053-001