LOCATION JUMPMORE WATentative Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, isotic, frigid Vitrandic Palexeralfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Jumpmore stony ashy loam -- under a coniferous forest on a 55 percent southeast-facing slope at an elevation of 3,000 feet. The soil was moist when described. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated. Textures are apparent field textures.)
Oi & Oe--0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed and intermediately decomposed needles and twigs; abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 2 inches thick)
A--1 to 5 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) stony ashy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; 20 percent gravel and 1 percent surface stones; NaF pH 8.6; moderately acid (pH 5.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
Bw1--5 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) cobbly ashy loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; many very fine irregular pores; 15 percent grave; and 10 percent cobbles; NaF pH 8.6; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear wavy boundary. (7 to 16 inches thick)
2Bw2--14 to 30 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very cobbly loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; many very fine irregular pores; 25 percent gravel and 20 percent cobbles; NaF pH 8.6; strongly acid (pH 5.5); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 18 inches thick)
2Bt--30 to 60 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very cobbly loam, strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) moist; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots; many very fine irregular pores; common faint clay bridging in pores and brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay films in pores; 25 percent gravel and 25 percent cobbles; NaF pH 8.4; strongly acid (pH 5.5)
TYPE LOCATION: Kittitas County, Washington; about 11 miles northeast of Cle Elum; 1,100 feet north, 1,000 feet west of the southeast corner of section 27, T. 22 N., R. 16E.; USGS Red Top Mountain, Washington quad; Latitude 47 degrees, 21 minutes, 51 seconds N. and Longitude 120 degrees, 18 minutes, 44 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Average annual soil temperature ranges from 45 to 47 degrees F. These soils are usually moist but are dry in all parts in the moisture control section for 45 to 60 consecutive days during summer and fall. The upper 10 to 22 inches has an estimated moist bulk density of 1.15 to 1.30 g/cc volcanic glass content of 7 to 20 percent, acid-oxalate extractable aluminum plus one-half iron of 0.3 to 1.0 percent, and 15-bar moisture of 5 to 10 percent (air-dry). The particle-size control section averages 18 to 29 percent clay and 40 to 60 percent sand in the fine earth fraction. Rock fragments average 40 to 75 percent by volume. Base saturation (by NH4OAC) is estimated to range from 50 to 60 percent between depths of 10 and 30 inches below the soil surface. Reaction is moderately acid or strongly acid.
The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5 dry, chroma of 2 through 4 dry or moist.
The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist, chroma of 3 through 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist. It is cobbly ashy loam, gravelly ashy loam, very cobbly ashy loam, or very gravelly ashy sandy loam. It is 10 to 14 percent clay.
The 2Bw horizon has colors similar to the Bw horizon. It is very gravelly loam, very cobbly loam or very gravelly sandy loam. It is 10 to 14 percent clay.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6 dry, chroma of 4 through 6 dry or moist. It is very cobbly loam, very gravelly clay loam, extremely gravelly loam or extremely gravelly sandy clay loam. It is 18 to 29 percent clay.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Snilec (T) series. Snilec soils are dry for 60 to 75 consecutive days, are neutral throughout, and have 20 to 35 percent volcanic glass in the upper 7 to 14 inches of the solum.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Jumpmore soils are on mountain sides and have slopes of 30 to 65 percent. They formed in residuum and colluvium from Teanaway and Grande Ronde basalt, loess and minor amounts of volcanic ash. Elevation is 2,400 to 5,500 feet. These soils are in a climate with warm moderately dry summers and cool moist winters. The average annual precipitation is 35 to 50 inches. The average January temperature is about 24 degrees F. and the average July temperature is about 64 degrees F. The average annual temperature is 43 to 45 degrees F. The growing season at 28 degrees F is 145 to 170 days and the frost-free season is about 65 to 100 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Jummer soils and the Cliffdell, Jumpe, Keechelus, Kiper, and Standup series. Cliffdell soils have a mantle of volcanic ash 7 to 10 inches thick and are on mountain sides and ridges. Jummer soils are on mountain sides. Jumpe soils have base saturation of 60 to 90 percent in the Bw horizon and are dry in all parts of the moisture control section for 60 to 75 consecutive days following summer solstice and are on convex mountain sides, ridges, and smooth summits. Keechelus soils have a clayey-skeletal argillic horizon and are on mountain sides, ridges, and benches. Kiper soils are coarse-loamy with 5 to 20 percent hard sandstone fragments in the control section and are on mountain sides. Standup soils have an ashy mantle less than 7 inches thick, a particle-size control section with 10 to 15 percent clay, and are on mountain sides.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; runoff is rapid. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: Grazable woodland, wildlife habitat, and recreation. Vegetation is Douglas-fir, grand fir, and ponderosa pine with an understory of elksedge, pinegrass, ceanothus, and serviceberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East slopes of the Cascade Mountains in central Kittitas County, Washington; MLRA 3. This series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES PROPOSED: Kittitas County, Washington, l983. The name is coined.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - from 1 to 4 inches (A horizon)
Cambic horizon - from 4 to 30 inches (A, Bw1, and 2Bw2 horizon)
Argillic horizon - from 30 to 60 inches (2Bt horizon)
Particle-size control section - from 30 to 50 inches
Vitrandic subgroup feature - from 1 to 14 inches (A and Bw horizon)
Ultic subgroup feature - from 1 to 30 inches
All depths to diagnostic horizons and features within the range of characteristics are measured from the top of the first mineral layer.
Classification revised 6/02 from loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Vitrandic Haploxeralfs to loamy-skeletal, isotic, frigid Vitrandic Palexeralfs. The pale feature is based on no 20 percent decrease in clay in the argillic horizon from the maximum to a depth of 60 inches.