LOCATION JUSTESEN ID+UTEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Calcic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Justesen loam - on a 6 percent slope at an elevation of 4,740 feet in rangeland. When described on September 9, 1982, the soil was dry throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 2 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine and medium granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine, medium and few coarse roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 7.0); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 5 inches thick)
A2--2 to 5 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse platy structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine, fine, medium and few coarse roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 7.0); clear wavy boundary. (2 to 7 inches thick)
BA--5 to 7 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 7.2); clear wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
Bt1--7 to 15 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate fine and medium prismatic structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; about 5 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 14 inches thick)
Bt2--15 to 20 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; about 5 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.2); gradual wavy boundary. (5 to 15 inches thick)
Bw--20 to 24 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; about 5 percent gravel; slightly alkaline (pH 7.4); clear smooth boundary. (0 to 11 inches thick)
Bk1--24 to 30 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; about 5 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.0); gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Bk2--30 to 42 inches; light gray (10YR 7/2) loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; massive; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few fine tubular pores; about 10 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (9 to 14 inches thick)
Bk3--42 to 62 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/2) fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; massive, slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky; few fine tubular pores; about 10 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2).
TYPE LOCATION: Blaine County, Idaho, about 3 miles south and 0.5 miles west of Carey; 700 feet north and 50 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 4, T. 2. S., R. 21 E. Latitude - 43 degrees, 16 minutes, 32 seconds North; Longitude - 113 degrees, 57 minutes, 15 seconds West.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Average annual soil temperature - 42 to 47 degrees F. Thickness of mollic epipedon - 10 to 19 inches
Depth to calcic horizon - 24 to 40 inches
A horizon
Color value, dry - 4 or 5
Value, moist - 2 or 3
Chroma, dry - 2, 3, or 4
Chroma, moist - 2 or 3
Reaction - neutral or slightly alkaline
Bt horizon Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value, dry - 4 to 6
Value, moist - 3 to 5
Chroma, moist or dry - 2 to 4
Texture - L, CL, SIL, or SICL
Clay content - 20 to 35 percent
Rock fragments - 0 to 10 percent
Reaction - neutral or slightly alkaline
Bw and Bk or Bkq horizons
Value, dry - 6 through 8
Value, moist - 4 to 6
Chroma - 2 to 6 dry or moist
Texture - FSL, L, SIL, or GR-L
Rock fragments - 0 to 25 percent
Reaction - slightly or moderately alkaline
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bess, Border, Chesnimnus, McCarey, Pegram, Vicking, and Victon series. Border and Pegram soils contain more than 35 percent rock fragments below the argillic horizon. Chesnimnus soils have an influence of volcanic ash in the upper part. McCarey soils have bedrock at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Bess, Vicking and Victon soils are less than 24 inches deep to carbonates.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Justesen soils are on gently sloping to steep alluvial fans, fan terraces, toeslopes, and foothills at elevations of 4,600 to 7,000 feet. Slopes range from 0 to 30 percent. The soils formed in medium textured alluvium from rhyolite, basalt, and sedimentary rocks. The average annual precipitation is 12 to 16 inches, most of which falls as snow and early spring rains. The average annual temperature is about 40 to 45 degrees F. The frost-free season is 70 to 110 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bancroft, Carey Lake, Drage, Goodington, and McCarey soils. Bancroft soils have less than 15 percent coarser than very fine sand in the particle-size control section. Carey Lake soils lack a calcic horizon. Drage soils have more than 35 percent rock fragments in the particle-size control section. Goodington soils have more than 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section. McCarey soils have bedrock at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. McCarey and Goodington soils are on basalt plains. Drage soils are on alluvial fans associated with metasedimentary parent material. Carey Lake and Bancroft soils are on the same landscape.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow to rapid runoff; moderately slow permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly used for rangeland, with some irrigated pastureland and hayland. Vegetation is basin big sagebrush, bluebunch wheatgrass, and Thurber's needlegrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southcentral Idaho and central Utah. This series is of limited extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Juab County (Fairfield-Nephi Area), Utah, 1981.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 15 inches (A1, A2, and BA horizons)
Argillic horizon - The zone from 7 to 20 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Calcic horizon - The zone from 24 to 62 inches (Bk1, Bk2, and Bk3 horizons)
Particle-size control section - The zone from 7 to 20 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)