LOCATION KAMPESKA SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Calciudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Kampeska silt loam on a 4 percent slope in cropland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine and medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, common very fine and fine roots; common very fine pores; 7 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 10 inches thick)
Bk1--8 to 14 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) silt loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) dry; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, common very fine roots; common very fine and fine pores; disseminated lime throughout, 15 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
Bk2--14 to 26 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) silt loam, pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) dry; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, few very fine roots; common fine and very fine pores; common, fine soft masses of lime throughout, 19 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the Bk horizons is 12 to 25 inches)
2Bk3--26 to 35 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) gravelly loamy sand, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) dry; single grain; loose; 16 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; common carbonate coats on bottom surfaces of rock fragments; 20 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (combined thickness of the 2Bk horizons is 7 to 15 inches )
2C--35 to 80 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) very gravelly loamy sand, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) dry; single grain; loose; 5 percent calcium carbonate equivalent; 40 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Codington County, South Dakota; about 5 miles east of Florence; 1,825 feet east and 380 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 5, T. 118 N., R. 53 W. on the Sisseton - Wahpeton Indian Reservation; USGS Still Lake, South Dakota topographic quadrangle; lat. 45 degrees 3 minutes 2 seconds N. and long. 97 degrees 13 minutes 15 seconds W., NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 10 inches. The soil typically is calcareous throughout, but some uncultivated pedons do not have carbonates to a depth of 6 inches. The control section typically is silt loam or silty clay loam averaging between 18 and 30 percent clay and less than 15 percent fine sand and coarser. Depth to sand and gravel is typically 20 to 30 inches, but ranges from 20 to 40 inches.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5 and 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silt loam or silty clay loam. It is neutral or slightly alkaline.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 7 and 3 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is silt loam or silty clay loam. It has few or common, fine or medium accumulations of calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 15 to 25 percent. It is slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline.
The 2Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6 and 4 or 5 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It has few to many accumulations of calcium carbonate on the underside of pebbles. The calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 15 to 20 percent. It is gravelly loam, gravelly sandy loam, very gravelly sandy loam, or very gravelly loamy sand. It is slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline. Gravel content ranges from 15 to 60 percent.
The 2C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7 and 4 or 5 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is stratified with textures of sand, loamy sand, or sandy loam and their gravelly and very gravelly modifiers. It is slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline. Gravel content ranges from 15 to 60 percent.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kampeska soils are formed in silty material overlying sand and gravel on outwash terraces and outwash plains. These soils are on gently sloping uplands with convex surfaces. Slopes range from 2 to 6 percent. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 43 to 48 degrees F and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 20 to 24 inches. Growing season is about 120 to 130 days; average growing season precipitation from 15 to 18 inches; and growing degree days are about 2500 to 2900.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Brandt, Estelline, Fordville, Goldsmith, Kranzburg, Mahoney, Renshaw, and Sioux soils. The Brandt and Estelline soils are on the lower part of the landscape and do not contain carbonates within 15 inches. In addition the Brandt soils do not have sand and gravel within 40 inches. The Goldsmith soils do not have sand and gravel within 40 inches, are in nearby swales and flats, and have a mollic epipedon greater than 16 inches. Fordville and Renshaw soils contain more than 15 percent fine or coarser sand in all parts of the series control section and are on lower nearby landscapes. In addition the Renshaw soils have sand and gravel within 20 inches. The Kranzburg soils do not have sand and gravel within a depth of 40 inches and are on higher nearby landscapes. Mahoney soils have a lower chroma in the lower part of the Bk horizon and are on the lower part of the landscape. Sioux soils have sand and gravel within a depth of 14 inches and are on similar nearby landscapes.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained. Runoff is low to medium.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity, expressed in inches per hour, is .6 to 2 in the upper mantle and greater than 20 inches in the underlying layers.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Kampeska are cultivated. Alfalfa, corn, soybeans, and small grains are the principal crops. Native vegetation is mainly little bluestem, western wheatgrass, sideoats grama, blue grama, needleandthread, and big bluestem.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA-102A. Northeastern South Dakota The series is of small extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Codington County, South Dakota, 2006.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 8 inches (Ap horizon); calcic horizon - the zone from a depth of about 8 to 35 inches (Bk1, Bk2, and 2Bk3 horizons)