LOCATION KANAKANAK AK
Established Series
SAS/TJR/SJN
05/2022
KANAKANAK SERIES
The Kanakanak series consists of very deep, well drained soils formed in volcanic ash over loess on rises and talfs of plains. Slopes range from 0 to 25 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 635 millimeters and the mean annual air temperature is about 0.6 degree C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial over loamy, amorphic over isotic Andic Humicryods
TYPICAL PEDON: Kanakanak highly organic silt loam, located on a plain talf with a slope of 1 percent and elevation of 48 meters; when described on July 19th, 2010 the soil was moist throughout (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted)
Oe--0 to 10 centimeters; moderately decomposed plant material; many fine roots, many medium roots, common coarse roots, and many very fine roots; extremely acid, pH 4.0; abrupt smooth boundary
E--10 to 15 centimeters; 30 percent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) and 70 percent dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) highly organic silt loam; 22 percent sand; 68 percent silt; 10 percent clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine roots, common medium roots, common coarse roots, and common very fine roots; extremely acid, pH 4.4; clear wavy boundary
Bhs--15 to 29 centimeters; 50 percent very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/3) and 50 percent dark reddish brown (5YR 2.5/2) medial highly organic silt loam; 24 percent sand; 66 percent silt; 10 percent clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine roots, common medium roots, and many very fine roots; extremely acid, pH 4.3; clear wavy boundary
Bs--29 to 50 centimeters; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) medial silt loam; 15 percent sand; 76 percent silt; 9 percent clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine roots, common medium roots, and many very fine roots; strongly acid, pH 5.1; gradual smooth boundary
BC1--50 to 83 centimeters; 40 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and 60 percent brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; 18 percent sand; 75 percent silt; 7 percent clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; common fine roots and common very fine roots; strongly acid, pH 5.5; clear smooth boundary
BC2--83 to 170 centimeters; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; 17 percent sand; 79 percent silt; 4 percent clay; weak thick platy structure; friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; 30 percent coarse dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries; moderately acid, pH 5.6; gradual smooth boundary
C--170 to 183 centimeters; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; 17 percent sand; 79 percent silt; 4 percent clay; massive; very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; 3 percent fine grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions with sharp boundaries and 25 percent coarse dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries; moderately acid, pH 5.6
TYPE LOCATION: Dillingham Census Area, Alaska; 7 kilometers northeast of Dillingham; 59.0763889 degrees north latitude and 158.565000 degrees west longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature - 0.5 to 1.7 degree C (cryic soil temperature regime)
Soil moisture control section - Dry less than 45 consecutive days from June to October (udic soil moisture regime)
Thickness of albic horizon - 3 to 10 cm
Thickness of spodic horizon - 28 to 76 cm
Thickness of andic soil properties - 28 to 76 cm
All mineral horizons-
Reaction - 4.3 to 6.0
Volcanic glass content - trace amounts to 21 percent
Ammonium oxalate extractable Al + 1/2Fe - 0.54 to 3.57
Moist bulk density - 0.60 to 1.45 g/cc
Particle-size control section-
Clay content - 2 to 14 percent
Rock fragments - 0 percent
Oe horizon
Thickness - 4 to 18 cm
E horizon
Hue - 7.5YR or 10YR
Value - 4
Chroma - 1 or 2
Fine earth texture - Highly organic silt loam
Clay content - 6 to 14 percent
Reaction - 4.4 to 5.5
Rock fragments - 0 percent
Thickness - 3 to 10 cm
Bhs horizon
Hue - 5YR or 7.5YR
Value - 2.5 or 3
Chroma - 2 or 3
Fine earth texture - Medial highly organic silt loam
Clay content - 6 to 12 percent
Reaction - 4.3 to 5.5
Rock fragments - 0 percent
Thickness - 10 to 24 cm
Bs horizon
Hue - 7.5YR
Value - 3
Chroma - 3 or 4
Fine earth texture - Medial silt loam
Clay content - 5 to 12 percent
Reaction - 5.1 to 5.8
Rock fragments - 0 percent
Thickness - 18 to 66 cm
BC1 and BC2 horizons, or BC horizon
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y
Value - 4
Chroma - 2 to 4
Fine earth texture - Silt or silt loam
Clay content - 2 to 8
Reaction - 4.9 to 5.6
Rock fragments - 0 percent
Combined thickness - 35 to 120 cm
C horizon
Hue - 10YR or 2.5Y
Value - 4 or 5
Chroma - 2 or 3
Fine earth texture - silt or silt loam
Clay content - 2 to 5 percent
Reaction - 5.1 to 6.0
Rock fragments - 0 percent
Thickness - 13 to 63 cm
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material - Herbaceous organic material over coarse-silty volcanic ash over coarse-silty loess
Landform - Rises and talfs on plains
Slope - 0 to 25 percent
Elevation - 3 to 70 meters
Climate - Short, cool summers; long, cold winters
Mean annual precipitation - 613 to 687 mm
Mean annual air temperature - 0.4 to 0.7 degrees C
Frost free duration - 85 to 140 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Muklung - Aquic conditions within 115 cm, similar landform position
Nushagak - Aquic conditions at surface, plain talfs
Pellernarquq - Aquic conditions at surface, dips and talfs on plains
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: (Ksat)
Drainage class - Well drained
Saturation in normal years - Below 170 cm
Flooding - None
Ponding - None
Ksat - Moderately high throughout the mineral soil material
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use - Community development, wildlife habitat, recreation, subsistence, forestry resources, and small scale crop production
Potential natural vegetation - Boreal forest composed of white spruce, paper birch, spirea, grass, and ferns
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Bristol Bay Lowlands; MLRA 236; moderate extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: WASILLA, ALASKA
SERIES PROPOSED: Nushagak-Mulchatna Watershed Soil Survey, Dillingham Census Area, Alaska, 2019
REMARKS:
Particle-size control section - 35 to 110 cm
Ochric epipedon
Soil moisture regime - Udic
Andic soil properties - Bhs and Bs horizons
Spodic Horizon - Bhs and Bs horizons
Lab Pedon - 10N1332; 10SS02801
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.