LOCATION KARDEWEST NM

Tentative Series
Rev: JKG
08/2012

KARDEWEST SERIES

The Kardewest series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in lacustrine deposits. Kardewest soils are on lakebeds (relict), lake plains, and lake terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 305 millimeters and the mean annual temperature is about 11.7 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, carbonatic, mesic Ustic Torriorthents

TYPICAL PEDON: Kardewest sandy loam, on a linear 0.5 percent slope under a cover of Tamarisk and annual forbs at an elevation of 1973 meters. When described the soil was dry throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).

A--0 to 7 cm, (0.0 to 2.8 inches); dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; 65 percent sand; 21 percent silt; 14 percent clay; moderate fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 10 percent tufa gravel; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; calcium carbonate equivalent 62.0%; clear smooth boundary.

AC--7 to 12 cm, (2.8 to 4.7 inches); dark gray (10YR 4/1) coarse sandy loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; 75 percent sand; 13 percent silt; 12 percent clay; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; 13 percent tufa gravel; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline, pH 8.4; calcium carbonate equivalent 90.0%; abrupt smooth boundary.

CA--12 to 26 cm, (4.7 to 10.2 inches); 50 percent pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) and 50 percent dark gray (10YR 4/1) very gravelly sand, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) and very dark gray (10YR 3/1), moist; 91 percent sand; 3 percent silt; 6 percent clay; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; 50 percent tufa gravel; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline, pH 8.2; calcium carbonate 90.0%; clear smooth boundary.

C--26 to 45 cm, (10.2 to 17.7 inches); pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) sandy loam, light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) moist; 65 percent sand; 22 percent silt; 13 percent clay; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; violent effervescence; moderately alkaline; calcium carbonate equivalent 80.0%; abrupt smooth boundary.

2A--45 to 50 cm, (17.7 to 19.7 inches); dark gray (10YR 4/1) loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; 45 percent sand; 35 percent silt; 20 percent clay; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; violent effervescence; strongly alkaline, pH 8.6; calcium carbonate equivalent 84.0%; abrupt smooth boundary.

2C--50 to 155 cm, (19.7 to 61.0 inches); light gray (2.5Y 7/1) loam, light gray (2.5Y 7/1) moist; 45 percent sand; 38 percent silt; 17 percent clay; massive; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; violent effervescence; strongly alkaline; calcium carbonate equivalent 86.0%.

TYPE LOCATION: Cibola County, New Mexico, about 0.8 kilometers ENE of the village of San Rafael, New Mexico. 95 meters south and 260 meters west of the northeast corner of Section 10, Township 10 N., Range 10 W., 35 degrees, 6 minutes, 60 seconds North latitude and 107 degrees, 52 minutes, 27 seconds West longitude; UTM zone 13 north, 238065 meters east and 3889756 meters north, NAD83; Grants SE, New Mexico USGS 7.5" Quad.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil Temperature: 11.4 to 13.7 degrees C.

Soil Moisture: Ustic Aridic

Particle size control section (weighted average): 12 to 17 percent clay, but ranges 6 to 20 percent

Rock fragments (weighted average): 0 to 14 percent, but ranges from 20 to 60, mostly tufa gravel

Mineralogy is carbonatic. The soil is calcareous throughout with calcium carbonate equivalence of 40 to 90 percent

Surface fragments: 0 to 5 percent gravel.

Reaction: moderately to strongly alkaline

A horizon(s)
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 through 6 dry; 2 through 4 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2, dry or moist
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam
Clay content: 12 to 17 percent
Rock Fragment: 0 to 13 percent gravel

C horizon(s)
Hue: 10YR, 2.5Y
Value: 5 through 8 dry; 2 through 6 moist.
Chroma: 1 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: sand, coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, fine sandy loam
Rock fragment content: High rock fragment content exists only within thin strata and averages 0 to 60 percent

2A horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 through 5 dry, 2 through 4 moist.
Chroma: 1 dry or moist.
Texture: sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, clay loam.

2C horizon
Hue: 2.5Y
Value: 7 dry or moist
Chroma: 1 dry or moist.
Texture: loam

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kardewest soils are on lake plains, relict lakebeds, and lake terraces. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. These soils formed in lacustrine deposits weathered from mixed sources. Elevation is 1,949 to 1,975 meters (6,394 to 6,480 feet). Mean annual precipitation is 254 to 356 millimeters (10 to 14 inches). The mean annual temperature is 9.4 to 11.7 degrees C (49 to 53 degrees F). Frost free season is 120 to 140 days. This area shows evidence of past sustained inundation with water, and some profiles show redox concentrations. The water table was within 24 inches of the surface and the soils were poorly drained. Lengthy periods of drought have caused the water table to fall below depths of 20 feet.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Venadito, Sparank, and Suwanee soils. The Venadito soils are very-fine with vertic properties, the Sparank soils are fine. The Venadito, Sparank, and Suwanee soils do not have carbonatic mineralogy.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; negligible runoff; moderately rapid permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for livestock grazing and wildlife. Vegetation is tamarisk, alkali sacaton, four-wing saltbush, and annual forbs.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The soils are not extensive and are mapped in the Soil Survey of Cibola Area, New Mexico, Parts of Cibola, McKinley, and Valencia Counties. LRR - D, MLRA 35.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Phoenix, Arizona

SERIES PROPOSED: Cibola County, 2012.

REMARKS:
Particle Size Control Section for this pedon: 10 to 40 inches. (25 to 100 cm)

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: The Entisol feature which is a lack of diagnostic horizons.

This soil series is proposed to replace an existing series which is not suitable for use in this area any longer. The previously mapped Warm Spring series has an Oxyaquic subgroup modifier, and a xeric soil moisture regime.

Classified according to Soil Taxonomy 2nd edition, 1999; and Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 11th Edition, 2010.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.