LOCATION KAZUL                   NV

Established Series
Rev. EWB-TM-JVC-JBF
03/2017

KAZUL SERIES

The Kazul series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils that formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Kazul soils are on stream terraces. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 230 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Torrifluventic Haploxerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Kazul loam--hayland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.)

Ap--0 to 20 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak thick platy structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky and weak fine granular; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine through medium roots; many very fine interstitial pores; neutral (pH 6.8); clear smooth boundary. (15 to 25 cm thick)

A--20 to 38 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine through medium roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; neutral (pH 6.7); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 23 cm thick)

Bw--38 to 97 cm; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and common fine roots; few very fine and few fine tubular pores; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (25 to 66 cm thick)

C1--97 to 122 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; few very fine and fine interstitial pores; many fine to coarse faint very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist, zones of iron depletion; neutral (pH 6.6); abrupt smooth boundary. (20 to 50 cm thick)

2C2--122 to 152 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly sand, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; single grain; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; very few fine roots; many fine to coarse interstitial pores; many fine and medium prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) and yellowish red (5YR 5/6) moist, masses of iron accumulation; 40 percent gravel; neutral (pH 7.0).

TYPE LOCATION: Douglas County, Nevada; immediately south of the town of Gardnerville and west of U.S. Highway 395; 150 feet south and 1,840 feet east of the northwest corner of section 4, T. 12 N., R. 20 E.; USGS Gardnerville 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 38 degrees 56 minutes 21 seconds N and longitude 119 degrees 44 minutes 42 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 38.9390667 latitude, -119.7450000 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually moist in the moisture control section in winter and spring, dry in summer and fall unless irrigated; aridic soil moisture regime that borders on xeric.
Mean annual soil temperature: 9 to 12 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 25 to 48 cm.
Depth to base of cambic horizon: 50 to 100 cm.
Depth to strongly contrasting sandy-skeletal material: 100 to 127 cm.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 18 to 25 percent.
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent. Lithology of fragments is mixed rocks.

Ap and A horizons
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.

Bw horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Loam or sandy loam.
Clay content: 18 to 25 percent.
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent.
Consistence: Slightly hard or hard dry, very friable or friable moist.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.

C1 horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Loam, silt loam, or sandy loam.
Clay content: 18 to 25 percent.
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent.
Structure: Subangular blocky or is massive.
Consistence: Slightly hard or hard dry, very friable or friable moist.
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral.
Redoximorphic features: Redox concentrations occur as masses of iron accumulation and redox depletions occur as zones of iron depletion.

2C2 horizon
Value: 5 or 6 dry, 3 or 4 moist.
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Very gravelly sand or very gravelly loamy sand.
Clay content: 1 to 5 percent.
Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent, dominantly gravel.
Redoximorphic features: Redox concentrations occur as masses of iron accumulation.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Etta, Harpt, Juab and Okerland series.

Etta and Okerland soils have 27 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section. Harpt and Juab soils do not have very gravelly textures in the C horizons.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kazul soils are on stream terraces. These soils formed in alluvium derived from mixed rocks but with a strong influence from granitic rocks. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. Elevations range from 1,420 to 1,450 meters. The climate is semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. The mean annual precipitation is 200 to 250 mm, the mean annual temperature is 8 to 11 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 90 to 110 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Henningsen and Morwen soils. These soils are coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained; low surface runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity. Endosaturation is present with an apparent seasonal high water table between 122 and 150 cm (deep free water occurrence class) from December through June. Cumulative annual duration classes are Common or Persistent. These soils are susceptible to rare flooding for very brief periods year-round.

USE AND VEGETATION: Kazul soils are used for irrigated pasture and hayland. The present vegetation is mainly pasture or alfalfa hay.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Nevada. These soils are not extensive. MLRA 26.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Douglas County, Nevada, 2012.

REMARKS: This soil was formerly recognized as the East Fork variant in the Soil Survey of Douglas County Area, Nevada. The original classification concept of this variant was that of a Cumulic subgroup.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 38 cm (Ap and A horizons).
Cambic horizon - The zone from 38 to 97 cm (Bw horizon).
Major lithologic discontinuity - The 122 cm (between the C1 and 2C2 horizons).
Endosaturation feature - The condition of ground water with an upper boundary between 122 and 152 cm at certain times during normal years (2C2 horizon).
Particle size control section - The zone from 25 to 100 cm (Bw horizon and parts of the A and C1 horizons).

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.