LOCATION KEAHUA HIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, kaolinitic, isohyperthermic Ustic Haplocambids
TYPICAL PEDON: Keahua silty clay loam - sugarcane. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted. All textures are "apparent field textures.")
Ap1--0 to 5 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) silty clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) dry; weak very fine granular and weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure with common clods up to 2 inches in diameter; soft, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; common roots; many very fine pores; common sand-size aggregates that are resistant to crushing; common fine black concretions; violent effervescence with hydrogen peroxide; slightly acid (pH 6.2); gradual wavy boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
Ap2--5 to 10 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) silty clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) dry; weak coarse and medium subangular blocky structure with common clods up to 2 inches in diameter; soft, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; many roots; many very fine pores; common sand-size aggregates that are resistant to crushing; common fine black concretions; violent effervescence with hydrogen peroxide; slightly acid (pH 6.2); clear wavy boundary. (4 to 6 inches thick)
B1--10 to 15 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) silty clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) dry; weak coarse and medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and plastic; common roots; many fine pores; few sand-size aggregates that are resistant to crushing; few fine black concretions; strong effervescence with hydrogen peroxide; slightly acid (pH 6.3); gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 7 inches thick)
B21--15 to 24 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) silty clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) dry; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and plastic; few roots; many fine and medium pores; firm in place; few sand-size aggregates that are resistant to crushing; few fine black concretions; strong effervescence with hydrogen peroxide; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 11 inches thick)
B22--24 to 33 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) silty clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) dry; moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, firm, slightly sticky and plastic; few roots; common fine and medium pores; nearly continuous pressure faces; firm in place; few fine black concretions; slight effervescence with hydrogen peroxide; slightly acid (pH 6.5); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 11 inches thick)
IIB3--33 to 62 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and plastic; few fine roots; common fine pores; nearly continuous pressure faces; firm in place; many sand-size aggregates that are resistant to crushing; neutral (pH 6.6); gradual wavy boundary. (27 to 32 inches thick)
IIC--Same as above horizon except contains 65 percent highly weathered rock fragments.
TYPE LOCATION: Island of Maui, Maui County, Hawaii; Puu O Kali Quadrangle - 20 degrees 49' 6" north latitude and 156 degrees 23' 08" west longitude; 50 feet west of flume and 100 feet east of Loop Road intersection about 0.4 mile northwest of reservoir number 42 on the Hawaiian Commercial and Sugar Company plantation.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum is more than 60 inches thick. There are cobbles and stones on the surface in a few areas. Mean annual soil temperature is 73 degrees F.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3 moist or dry and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and 2 through 4 dry.
The B horizon has value of 2 or 3 moist, 3 or 4 dry, and chroma of 1 through 4 moist or dry.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ewa, Makaweli, Uwala, Wahikuli, Waiakoa, and Waikapu series. Ewa soils lack continuous pressure faces on peds. Makaweli soils have prismatic structure in the upper part of the B horizon and have a 10R hue throughout the B horizon. Uwala soils have moderately thick patchy coatings on peds in the upper part of the B2 horizon and have strong structure in the lower part of the B2 horizon. Wahikuli soils have a clayey control section and depth to bedrock is 20 to 40 inches. Waiakoa soils have prismatic structure in the B horizon and are 20 to 40 inches deep. Waikapu soils have slickensides in the lower part of the B horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Keahua soils are on uplands. Slope is 3 to 20 percent. Elevation ranges from 600 to 1,500 feet. The soils formed in residuum from basic igneous rocks with some influence from volcanic ash. The average annual precipitation ranges from 15 to 25 inches. Mean annual temperature is about 73 degrees F; average January temperature is 70 degrees F.; and average July temperature is 76 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Haliimaile and Paia soils and the competing Waiakoa soils. Haliimaile and Paia soils have a fine-textured control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for sugarcane. The natural vegetation is buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare), feather fingergrass (Chloris virgata), ilima (Sida fallax). kiawe (Prosopis chilensis), lantana (Lantana camara), pitted beardgrass (Andropogon pertusus), redleg grass (Andropogon spp.), and uhaloa (Waltheria indica).
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Island of Maui, Maui County, Hawaii. This series is of small extent comprising 13,000 acres.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Soil Survey, Territory of Hawaii, 1955.
ADDITIONAL DATA: The described profile was sampled for soil characterization.
OSED scanned by SSQA. Last revised by state on 5/78.