LOCATION KELLOGG MI+WI

Established Series
Rev. JOW-WEF-MLK
08/2012

KELLOGG SERIES

The Kellogg series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils that formed in sandy lacustrine deposits or outwash and the underlying clayey lacustrine deposits on lake plains. Slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 762 mm (30 inches), and mean annual temperature is about 6.1 degrees C (43 degrees F).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy over clayey, mixed, active, frigid Alfic Oxyaquic Haplorthods

TYPICAL PEDON: Kellogg sand, on a 3 percent slope in a forested area at an elevation of about 344 meters (1,130 feet) above mean sea level. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Oe--0 to 5 cm (2 inches); black (N 2.5/) partially decomposed leaves, needles, and twigs; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [0 to 8 cm (3 inches) thick]

E--5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 inches); pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) sand, pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to single grain; very friable; many fine and common medium and coarse roots; about 1 percent fine gravel; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [2.5 to 15 cm (1 to 6 inches) thick]

Bs1--15 to 36 cm (6 to 14 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine to coarse roots; about 1 percent fine gravel; about 1 percent cobbles; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bs2--36 to 66 cm (14 to 26 inches); strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) sand; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine to coarse roots; about 4 percent fine gravel; about 2 percent cobbles; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. [Combined thickness of the Bs horizon is 10 to 66 cm (4 to 26 inches).]

2B/E--66 to 74 cm (26 to 29 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay (Bt); strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm; occupies about 60 percent of the horizon completely surrounded by pinkish gray(7.5YR 6/2) loamy sand, pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) dry (E); moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and common medium roots; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron throughout; about 1 percent fine gravel; slightly acid; clear irregular boundary. [0 to 20 cm (8 inches) thick]

2Bt--74 to 102 cm (29 to 40 inches); brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium and coarse angular blocky; very firm; few fine to coarse roots; many distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron throughout; slightly alkaline; clear irregular boundary. [15 to 36 cm (6 to 14 inches) thick]

2C--102 to 203 cm (40 to 80 inches); brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay; massive; very firm; few fine and medium roots in the upper 61 cm (24 inches); many fine prominent olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) and common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Crawford County, Michigan; about 14 miles southeast of the city of Grayling; 700 feet south and 400 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 13, T. 25 N., R. 2 W.; USGS Eldorado, Michigan, topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 33 minutes 44.8 seconds N. and 84 degrees 29 minutes 30 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Unless otherwise stated the depth ranges listed in this paragraph are from the mineral soil surface.
Depth to the clayey lacustrine material: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 inches)
Depth to carbonates: 61 to 152 cm (24 to 60 inches)
Rock fragment content: 0 to 10 percent gravel and 0 to 3 percent cobbles in the sandy material; 0 to 2 percent gravel in the underlying clayey material
S moisture: this soil is saturated with water in one or more layers within 102 cm (40 inches) of the mineral soil surface for 1 month or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years

O horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR, or is neutral
Value: 2, 2.5, or 3
Chroma: 0 to 2

A or Ap horizon, where present:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 2 to 4
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: sand or loamy sand
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

E horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sand or loamy sand
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

Bs1 horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3 or 4
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: sand or loamy sand
Ortstein content: 0 to 20 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid

Bs2 horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 5 or 6
Texture: sand or loamy sand
Ortstein content: 0 to 20 percent
Reaction: very strongly acid to slightly acid

Bt part of the 2B/E and the 2Bt horizon:
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 to 5
Texture: clay, silty clay, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

E part of the 2B/E horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sand or loamy sand
Reaction: slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Some pedons have an E' or E/B horizon above the 2Bt horizon. Some pedons have a 2BC horizon.

2C horizon:
Hue: 7.5YR or 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 3 or 4
Texture: clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.

Sandy substratum phases are recognized.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in this family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kellogg soils are on lake plains. Slope gradients are typically 0 to 12 percent. In MLRA 92 near Lake Superior in Northern Wisconsin, slope ranges up to 30 percent in soils on the edges of lake plains and outwash plains on old shorelines that are dissected. These soils formed in sandy lacustrine deposits or outwash and the underlying clayey lacustrine deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 686 to 813 mm (27 to 32 inches). Mean annual temperature ranges from 6.1 to 7.2 degrees C (43 to 45 degrees F).

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Allendale, Au Gres, Croswell, Leafriver, Manistee, and Wakeley soils. The somewhat poorly drained Allendale and Au Gres soils and the very poorly drained Leafriver and Wakeley soils are on lower landscape positions. The moderately well drained Croswell and the well drained Manistee soils are on similar or slightly higher landscape positions.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Moderately well drained. The depth to the top of a perched seasonal high water table ranges from 46 to 107 cm (1.5 to 3.5 feet) between October and May in normal years. The potential surface runoff is negligible or very low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is high or very high in the sandy material and moderately low or low in the clayey material. Permeability is rapid in the upper sandy material and slow or very slow in the underlying clayey material.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are forested. Pine plantations make up a small portion of this area. Common tree species include northern red oak, red pine, eastern white pine, red maple, quaking aspen, and balsam fir.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRAs 94A and 96 in the northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan and MLRA 92 in northwestern Wisconsin. This series is of moderate extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Crawford County, Michigan, 1993.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon: from the surface to a depth of 15 cm (6 inches) (Oe, E horizons).
Albic horizon: from a depth of 5 to 16 cm (2 to 6 inches) (E horizon).
Spodic horizon: from a depth of 15 to 36 cm (6 to 14 inches) (Bs1 horizon).
Glossic horizon: from a depth of 66 to 74 (26 to 29 inches) (2B/E horizon).
Argillic horizon: from a depth of 66 to 102 cm (26 to 40 inches) (Bt part of the 2B/E horizon and 2Bt horizon).

ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation record: MI0621.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.