LOCATION KEMAN ID+NV
Established Series
Rev. DL-HBM-JVC-JBF
02/2019
KEMAN SERIES
The Keman series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in till and colluvium derived from welded tuff and volcanic ash. Keman soils are on mountains. Slopes are 2 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 580 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 6 degrees C.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive Pachic Argicryolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Keman very gravelly loam--on a west-facing slope of 3 percent under at 2,179 meters elevation--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated. When described on September 22, 1981, the soil was dry throughout.)
A--0 to 13 cm; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) very gravelly loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; 50 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.6); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 20 cm thick)
AB--13 to 36 cm; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very gravelly loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine tubular pores; 50 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.8); gradual wavy boundary. (15 to 30 cm thick)
Bt1--36 to 84 cm; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very gravelly loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 55 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (30 to 60 cm thick)
Bt2--84 to 152 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) extremely gravelly clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 80 percent gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.6).
TYPE LOCATION: Twin Falls County, Idaho; about 26 miles southwest of Rogerson and about 0.75 mile north of the Idaho-Nevada state line between Chimney Creek and Wilson Creek; about 2,400 feet north and 1,050 feet west of the southeast corner of section 26, T. 16 S., R. 12 E.; USGS Curtis Draw 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 42 degrees 0 minutes 18 seconds N and longitude 115 degrees 0 minutes 48 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 42.0050000 latitude, -115.0133333 longitude.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Usually moist in the moisture control section during late fall, winter, and spring; dry during summer and early fall; xeric soil moisture regime that borders on aridic.
Mean annual soil temperature: 4 to 6 degrees C.
Mean summer soil temperature: 13 to 14 degrees C.
Mollic epipedon thickness: 76 to 127 cm; includes the Bt1 horizon.
Depth to base of argillic horizon: 150 cm or more.
Depth to bedrock: 150 cm or more to welded tuff or volcanic ash.
Reaction: Strongly acid through slightly acid.
Base saturation in the upper 100 cm: 50 to 70 percent.
Particle-size control section - Clay content: Average 18 to 27 percent.
Rock fragments: Average 40 to 75 percent. Lithology of fragments is welded tuff.
A horizon
Value: 3 through 4 dry, 1 through 3 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist
Organic matter content: 3 to 7 percent.
Bt1 horizon
Value: 3 through 5 dry, 2 or 3 moist.
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist.
Texture: Very gravelly loam or extremely gravelly loam.
Clay content: 18 to 24 percent.
Rock fragments: 40 to 70 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles.
Clay films: Few to common on faces of peds and lining pores.
Organic matter content: 3 to 7 percent.
Bt2 horizon
Value: 4 through 6 dry, 2 through 4 moist.
Chroma: 3 or 4, dry or moist.
Texture: Very gravelly loam or extremely gravelly clay loam.
Clay content: 24 to 34 percent.
Rock fragments: 40 to 65 percent gravel, 0 to 15 percent cobbles, 0 to 5 percent stones.
Clay films: Few to many, faint to distinct on faces of peds and lining pores.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Angelwhine,
Aspetill,
Badwater,
Bickmore,
Blackbear,
Bluebell,
Booneville,
Buena Vista,
Dab,
Dailybasin,
Delhew,
Geemore,
Hawkinspeak,
Igor,
Littlemud,
Lostcannon,
Monibasin,
Panin,
Parkalley,
Parkay,
Rangertaft,
Redbird,
Rutherford,
Sweetmount, and
Woodhurst series.
Angelwhine soils have mollic epipedons that are 40 to 60 cm thick.
Aspetill soils are dominated by cobbles in the particle-size control section and have mean summer soil temperature of 8 to 11 degrees C.
Badwater soils are dominated by boulders in the particle-size control section.
Blackbear,
Bickmore,
Bluebell,
Buena Vista,
Hawkinspeak,
Littlemud,
Panin,
Rangertaft,
Rutherford, and
Woodhurst soils are moderately deep.
Booneville soils are dominated by cobbles in the particle-size control section, have mean summer soil temperature of 10 to 13 degrees C, and have thin O horizons.
Dab soils have mean annual soil temperature of 6 to 7 degrees C and have mollic epipedons that are 40 to 60 cm thick.
Dailybasin and
Igor soils have a ustic soil moisture regime.
Delhew soils have less than 18 percent clay, are dominated by fine gravel (2 to 5 mm diameter) in the particle-size control section, and have rock fragments that are granitic rocks.
Geemore soils have calcic horizons and horizons with secondary silica and average 27 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section.
Lostcannon soils have less than 18 percent clay in the particle-size control section and have rock fragments that are granitic rocks.
Monibasin soils are dominated by stones in the particle-size control section and have mean annual soil temperature of 6 to 8 degrees C.
Parkalley soils have mollic epipedons that are 40 to 76 cm thick, have the base of the argillic horizon between 70 and 90 cm from the soil surface, and are dominated by flagstones.
Parkay soils average 27 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section and are neutral through slightly alkaline.
Redbird soils average 27 to 35 percent clay in the particle-size control section and have horizons with identifiable secondary carbonates within 100 cm of the soil surface.
Sweetmount soils are deep to paralithic contacts and have subhorizons of the argillic horizon with 35 to 50 percent clay.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Keman soils are on mountains. They typically occur on all slope positions. These soils formed in till and colluvium derived from welded tuff and volcanic ash. Slopes are 2 to 50 percent. Elevations range from 1,895 to 2,300 meters. The mean annual precipitation is 400 to 640 mm, the mean annual temperature is 4 to 7 degrees C, and the frost-free period is 20 to 50 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Amboat,
Brose,
Dehana,
Hogmalat, and
Kavon soils and the competing
Rutherford soil. Brose and Hogmalat soils are shallow, and occur on summits and shoulders. Amboat soils are clayey-skeletal, and occur on lower summits. Dehana soils are not skeletal, and occur on footslopes, backslopes, and breaks. Kavon soils are on summit footslopes, and have a base saturation of less than 15 percent.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; medium or high surface runoff; moderately high saturated hydraulic conductivity.
USE AND VEGETATION: Keman soils are used for rangeland. Native vegetation is mountain big sagebrush, Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, Columbia needlegrass, Nevada bluegrass, and arrowleaf balsamroot.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southwestern Idaho and northeastern Nevada. These soils are moderately extensive. MLRA 25.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Elko County (Northeastern Part), Nevada, 1986.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 84 cm (A, AB and Bt1 horizons).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 36 to 152 cm (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons).
Particle-size control section - The zone from 36 to 86 cm (Bt1 horizon and part of the Bt2 horizon).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.