LOCATION KENTLAND IN
Established Series
Rev. LCO-TRZ
09/2012
KENTLAND SERIES
The Kentland series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils that formed in eolian sandy sediments with a thin layer of organic material on lake plains. Permeability is rapid in the sandy portion and moderate in the organic portion. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 37 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 51 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy, mixed, mesic Typic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Kentland mucky fine sand - on a nearly level area in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; black (10YR 2/1) mucky fine sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; 10 percent organic matter; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--9 to 12 inches; black (N2/) mucky fine sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; common fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak medium platy structure parting to weak fine granular; very friable; many fine and medium roots; 15 percent organic matter; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizons is 10 to 18 inches.)
2Oa--12 to 16 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) broken face sapric material containing marl; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) rubbed; 20 percent fiber; 3 percent rubbed; weak medium platy structure; friable; few fine roots; many very pale brown (10YR 7/3), light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and white (10YR 8/2) accumulations of marl; mostly herbaceous fiber; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick.)
3C1--16 to 22 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sand; single grain; loose; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
3C2--22 to 27 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sand; common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) mottles; single grain; loose; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
3C3--27 to 47 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) fine sand; single grain; loose; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
3C4--47 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) fine sand; many coarse faint light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) mottles; single grain; loose; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Newton County, Indiana; about 3 miles north and 2 miles east of Enos. 150 feet south and 400 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 13, T.30 N., R. 9 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to the organic material and free carbonates, and thickness of the overlying sandy sediments are 10 to 18 inches. Redoximorphic depletions are masked by colors of stripped sand grains in the 3C horizons that have chromas more than 2.
The upper part of the series control section (A) has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1, or has neutral hue and value of 2. Organic matter content is 8 to 16 percent. Reaction is slightly acid or neutral depending on liming history.
The second part of the series control section (2Oa) has hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is dominantly sapric material, but contains 20 to 30 percent marl, mostly as pieces. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
The lower part of the series control section (C) has hue of 2.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 8. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Granby,
Loup,
Maumee, and
Ophir series. These soils do not have an organic layer in the second part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kentland soils are on nearly level or slightly depressional lake plains. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent. They formed in eolian sandy sediments with a thin layer of organic material. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 35 to 39 inches, and mean annual temperature ranges from 50 to 52 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Conrad,
Tedrow, and
Zaborosky soils. The very poorly drained Conrad soils are on similar topographic positions and have dark colored epipedons less than 10 inches thick and do not have an organic layer. The somewhat poorly drained Tedrow and Zaborosky soils are on slightly higher landscape positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Runoff is very slow or ponded. Permeability is rapid in the sandy portion and moderate in the organic portion.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas are drained and used to grow corn, soybeans, and small grain. The native vegetation is prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Indiana. These soils are not extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Newton County, Indiana, 1990.
REMARKS: It is hypothesied that this soil developed as the result of windblown sand accumulating over sandy sediments which had an organic layer at the surface. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: the zone from 0 to 12 inches (Ap and
A horizons); Aquic Moisture Regime: distinct mottles in the lower part of the mollic epipedon.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.