LOCATION KIEV MT+UT
Established Series
Rev. CNS-RJE-EMM
01/2013
KIEV SERIES
The Kiev series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in alluvium. These soils are on stream terraces, alluvial fans, fan remnants and foothills. Slopes are 0 to 55 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 15 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 43 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Calciustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Kiev loam in native grass (colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).
A--0 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure in the upper part grading to moderate medium granular in the lower part; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine roots; many vesicular pores; 5 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Bw--5 to 14 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocks; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and very fine roots; common fine and very fine pores; 5 percent gravel; disseminated lime, slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of A and Bw horizons is 7 to 18 inches.)
Bk1--14 to 28 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay loam, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common fine and very fine roots; common fine and very fine pores; 5 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; common fine masses of lime; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 40 inches thick)
Bk2--28 to 60 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, moderately sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and very fine roots; common very fine pores; violently effervescent; common medium masses of lime; strongly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
TYPE LOCATION: Pondera County, Montana; 400 feet east and 2,600 feet south of the NW corner of sec. 19, T. 28 N., R. 7 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil temperature - 42 to 47 degrees F.
Moisture control section - between 4 and 12 inches.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 7 to 16 inches.
Control section - 18 to 35 percent clay.
Depth to calcic horizon - 7 to 18 inches.
Organic matter content decreases regularly with increasing depth and is lower than 0.5 percent at a depth of 50 inches.
Soil phases - cobbly, stony, bedrock substratum, calcareous
A horizon
Hue: 5Y, 2.5Y, 10YR, or 7.5Y
Value: 3 or 4 dry, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist
Texture: loam or silt loam
Clay content: 18 to 27 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent--0 to 20 percent cobbles and stones, 0 to 25 percent gravel
Effervescence: slightly to strongly
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 7.9
Bw horizons
Hue: 5Y, 2.5Y, 10YR, or 7.5YR
Value: 4, 5, or 6 dry; 3, 4, or 5 moist
Chroma: 2 or 3, dry or moist
Texture: loam, clay loam, or silt loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 25 percent--0 to 10 percent cobbles, 0 to 15 percent gravel
Effervescence: slightly to violently
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 8.4
Note: Some pedons do not have a Bw horizon.
Bk horizons
Hue: 5Y, 2.5Y, 10YR, or 7.5Y
Value: 5, 6, 7, or 8 dry; 4, 5, or 6 moist
Chroma: 2, 3, or 4, dry or moist
Texture: loam, silt loam, or clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 0 to 25 percent--0 to 10 percent cobbles, 0 to 15 percent gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 15 to 30 percent
Effervescence: strongly or violently
Reaction: pH 7.4 to 9.0
COMPETING SERIES:
Beanlake (MT) - have 1 to 3 percent gypsum in the lower part, have moderately slow permeability; a bulk density of more than 1.6 grams per cubic centimeter; and formed in till.
Ipano (MT) and
Mudcree (UT) - have a paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Minnimaud (UT) - have a paralithic contact at depths of 40 to 60 inches.
Mudcree (UT) - have a paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 30 inches.
Osote (UT) - Have an organic matter content that decreases irregularly with increasing depth or remains higher than 0.5 percent at depths of 50 inches.
Roundor (MT) - have a paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Zahl (ND) - are glacial till in the lower part of the series control section and have moderately slow permeability.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landform - stream terraces, alluvial fans, fan remnants and foothills near the mountains.
Elevation - 3,500 to 5,300 feet.
Slope - 2 to 25 percent.
Parent material - alluvium.
Climate - cold, dry winters and warm, moist summers.
Mean annual precipitation - 12 to 19 inches.
Mean annual temperature - 40 to 45 degrees F.
Frost-free period - 80 to 125 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: None listed.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Kiev soils are used mainly for irrigated and nonirrigated cropland and for range. Potential native vegetation is mainly western wheatgrass, prairie junegrass, needleandthread, and blue grama.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Kiev soils are moderately extensive mainly along the Rocky Mountain Front in central and west-central Montana. MLRAs 43B, 44B, and 46.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Glacier County (Blackfeet Reservation-Cut Bank Area), Montana, 1969.
REMARKS: Soil interpretations record: MT0454, MT0842, MT1068.
Diagnostic horizons and feature recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - from the soil surface to 14 inches (A, Bw horizons);
Calcic horizon - from 14 to 60 inches (Bk1, Bk2 horizons);
Particle-size control section - from 10 to 40 inches.
Kiev soils have a frigid temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.