LOCATION KINDY WAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial-skeletal, ferrihydritic Andic Haplocryods
TYPICAL PEDON: Kindy gravelly silt loam - on a 45 percent northeast- facing slope under a coniferous canopy of western hemlock. (Colors are for moist soils unless otherwise stated. All textures are apparent field textures.)
Oi--2 1/2 to 1/2 inch; needles and twigs. (1 to 7 inches thick)
Oa--1/2 inch to 0; decomposed forest litter. (0 to 2 inches thick)
E--0 to 4 inches; pinkish gray (5YR 6/2) gravelly silt loam, pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) dry; massive; soft, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine and common very fine roots; few very fine irregular pores; 25 percent pebbles; NaF pH less than 9.2; very strongly acid (pH 5.0); abrupt smooth boundary. (1 to 5 inches thick)
Bs1--4 to 7 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) gravelly silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic weakly smeary; common fine and very fine roots; few fine irregular pores; 25 percent pebbles; NaF pH 12.0; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear smooth boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick)
Bs2--7 to 10 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) gravelly loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic, weakly smeary; common fine and very fine and few medium roots; common fine irregular pores; 25 percent pebbles; NaF pH 12.0; strongly acid (pH 5.2) clear smooth boundary. (3 to 5 inches thick)
Bs3--10 to 24 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) very gravelly loam, brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic weakly smeary; few fine and very fine roots; few fine irregular pores; 50 percent pebbles; NaF pH 12.0; strongly acid (pH 5.2); clear smooth boundary. (10 to 17 inches thick)
BC--24 to 34 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) very gravelly loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky and moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; very few fine roots; common fine irregular pores; 60 percent pebbles; strongly acid (pH 5.2); abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
Bsm--34 inches; ortstein that breaks to very gravelly loam; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) dry; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) mottles; massive; very hard, firm, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; 45 percent angular pebbles; NaF pH 11.0; strongly acid (pH 5.4).
TYPE LOCATION: Skagit County, Washington; approximately 2,400 feet west and 2,400 feet south of northeast corner, sec. 29, T. 35 N., R. 6 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to a paralithic contact with dense till derived from mixed metasedimentary rocks is 20 to 40 inches. The mean annual soil temperature is 43 to 45 degrees F. The control section averages 30 to 45 percent sand. Rock fragments in the control section average 35 to 60 percent. The spodic horizon is 10 to 28 inches thick. Reaction is very strongly acid to strongly acid throughout.
The E horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR, value of 4 through 6 moist, 6 or 7 dry, and chroma of 2 or 3 moist or dry.
The Bs1 and Bs2 horizon have hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR, value of 3 through 5 moist, 4 through 8 dry, and chroma of 4 through 8 moist or dry. It is gravelly silt loam, gravelly loam, very gravelly silt loam, or very gravelly loam, Rock content ranges from 20 to 45 percent.
The Bs3 horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR, value of 3 or 4 moist, 5 or 6 dry, and chroma of 3 through 6 moist or 5 or 6 dry. It is a very gravelly loam or very gravelly silt loam. Rock content ranges from 35 to 60 percent.
The BC horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 moist, 5 through 7 dry, and chroma of 2 through 4 moist or dry. It is very gravelly loam or very gravelly sandy loam. Some pedons have a C horizon.
The Bsm horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 through 6 moist, 5 through 7 dry, and chroma of 3 through 6 moist or dry. It is dense glacial till that breaks to very gravelly loam, very gravelly silt loam or very gravelly sandy loam.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Whetstone series and the similar Alkiridge, Conto, Crinker, Dinzer, Esmeralda, Gilpar, Hatchet, Homestead, Howson, Kachess, Kindy, Klawatti, Lastance, Lemah, Mt. Hood, Ohana, Playco, Polallie, Ronsel, Springsteen, Tenex, Thetis, Vabus, and Waptus series. All of these soils except Vabus, Waptus, and Whetstone lack an ortstein layer. In addition, Alkiridge, Conto, Dinzer, Esmeralda, Gilpar, Homestead, Jackman, Kachess, Lastance, Lemah, Mt. Hood, Playco, Ronsel, Tenex, and Thetis soils are more than 40 inches deep. Crinker, Hatchet, Howson, Klawatti, Polallie, and Springsteen soils have a lithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches. Ohanna soils are cindery in the upper part of the spodic horizon and they have a paralithic contact with weathered bedrock. Vabus and Waptus soils have a spodic horizon less than 7 inches thick and are sandy loam in the fine earth fraction in the lower part of the particle-size control section. Whetstone soils have a lithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kindy soils are on glacially modified mountain backslopes with slopes of 3 to 65 percent. They formed in volcanic ash, loess, colluvium and mixed glacial till. Elevation ranges from 1,800 to 3,000 feet. The average annual precipitation is 75 to 90 inches and the mean annual temperature is 42 to 44 degrees F. The mean July temperature is 58 degrees F, the mean January temperature is 31 degrees F. The frost-free season is 90 to 120 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Clendenen, Gallup, Hartnit, Jug, Klawatti, Oso, Potchub, Saar, and Shuksan soils and the competing Crinker and Springsteen soils. Clendenen, Gallup, Hartnit, Potchub, and Saar soils have greater than 6 percent organic matter in the upper 4 inches of the spodic horizon. Jug soils are sandy-skeletal. Klawatti soils are loamy skeletal and are in a serpentinitic family. Shuksan soils have a subhorizon of the spodic horizon with a ratio of free iron to carbon of less than 0.2.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; slow to medium runoff; moderate permeability to the dense glacial till and very slow through it. A perched water table is as high as 1.5 to 3 feet at times from December through April.
USE AND VEGETATION: Woodland, recreation, wildlife habitat, and watershed. Vegetation is Pacific silver fir, western hemlock, western redcedar, and Douglas-fir with an undergrowth of tall blue huckleberry, salmonberry, one leaf foamflower, deer fern, bunchberry dogwood, devilsclub, red huckleberry, and salal.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: West slopes of the Cascade Mountains in northwestern Washington. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Skagit County, Washington, 1981.
REMARKS: Classification only changed 4/94 because of recent amendments to Soil Taxonomy. Partial laboratory data are available on this soil, NSSL #80T7267-7268. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are an albic horizon from the mineral surface to 4 inches, a spodic horizon from 4 to 24 inches, and a cemented spodic horizon (ortstein) at 34 inches. The spodic horizon meets chemical and morphological criteria for a spodic horizon based on laboratory data from 1 pedon from Skagit County, Washington.