LOCATION KINGINGHAM NV

Established Series
Rev. CEJ/GJS/JBF
03/2016

KINGINGHAM SERIES

The Kingingham series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in a thin loess mantle over alluvium derived from mixed rocks. Kingingham soils are on fan piedmonts. Slopes are 2 to 15 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 180 mm and the mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Natridurids

TYPICAL PEDON: Kingingham gravelly very fine sandy loam--rangeland. (Colors are for dry soils unless otherwise noted.) The surface is covered with approximately 20 percent gravel.

A1--0 to 8 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/3) gravelly very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate thin platy structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few fine and medium roots; many very fine and fine vesicular pores; 15 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.4); abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 13 cm thick)

A2--8 to 18 cm; pale brown (10YR 6/3) gravelly very fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) moist; strong thick platy structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine and medium roots; many very fine and fine vesicular pores; 20 percent gravel; moderately alkaline (pH 8.2); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 13 cm thick)

2Btnk1--18 to 30 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; strong medium angular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, very sticky and very plastic; common fine and medium roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on ped faces and lining pores; l5 percent gravel; common fine carbonate in seams; slightly effervescent matrix; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 15 cm thick)

2Btnk2--30 to 46 cm; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly clay, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; strong medium prismatic structure; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; common fine and medium roots; common very fine tubular pores; many distinct and prominent clay films on ped faces and lining pores; 20 percent gravel; common fine carbonate in seams; slightly effervescent matrix; strongly alkaline (pH 8.8); clear wavy boundary. (13 to 23 cm thick)

2Btnqk--46 to 56 cm; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) very gravelly clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; strong medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; few very fine tubular pores; many moderately thick clay films on ped faces and lining pores; 10 percent weakly cemented durinodes; 50 percent gravel; common fine carbonate in seams; strongly effervescent; strongly alkaline (pH 8.6); abrupt irregular boundary. (8 to 20 cm thick)

2Bqkm1--56 to 71 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) indurated duripan, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; extremely hard, extremely firm; violently effervescent. (10 to 48 cm thick)

2Bqkm2--71 to 152 cm; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) indurated duripan with thin horizontal alternating lenses that are weakly to strongly cemented, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; violently effervescent.

TYPE LOCATION: Lander County, Nevada; about 20 miles south of Battle Mountain; about 2,630 feet south and 2,630 feet east of the northwest corner of section 6, T. 30 N., R. 43 E.; USGS Antler Peak 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle; latitude 40 degrees 30 minutes 8 seconds N and longitude 117 degrees 11 minutes 0 seconds W; WGS84 Decimal Degrees 40.5022222 latitude, -117.1833333 longitude.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil moisture: Moist for short periods in winter and early spring, and dry from late May through October; typic aridic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 8 to 11 degrees C.
Depth to duripan: 50 to 76 cm.
Reaction: Moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline, increasing with depth.
Other features: Bqk horizons occur above the indurated duripan in some pedons.

Particle-size control section - Clay content: 35 to 50 percent.
Rock fragments: l5 to 35 percent when mixed, predominantly gravel.

A horizon
Value: 6 or 7 dry, 4 or 5 moist. Chroma: 2 or 3.

Bt horizon
Value: 4, 5, or 6 dry, 4 or 5 moist. Chroma: 4 through 6.
Texture: Gravelly clay loam, gravelly silty clay loam, gravelly clay or gravelly silty clay.
Exchangeable sodium: 15 to 30 percent.

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Bramlett series and the related Knott and Nemico series.

Bramlett soils have 15 to 35 percent stones and cobbles in the particle-size control section. Knott soils have an indurated duripan less than 50 cm deep. Nemico soils have an indurated duripan capping bedrock less than 50 cm deep.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kingingham soils are on fan piedmonts. They formed in a thin loess mantle over alluvium from mixed rock sources. Slopes are 2 to l5 percent. Elevations are 1,435 to 1,680 meters. The climate is cool, semiarid with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. Mean annual precipitation is 130 to 200 mm, mean annual temperature is 8 to 10 degrees C, and the frost-free season is 100 to l20 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Oxcorel and Whirlo soils. Oxcorel soils lack an indurated duripan. Whirlo soils are very deep and have loamy-skeletal particle-size control sections.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Well drained; slow or medium runoff; moderately low saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: Rangeland and wildlife habitat. The vegetation is mainly shadscale, bud sagebrush and bottlebrush squirreltail.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-central Nevada. The soil is not extensive. MLRA 28B.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Lander County, South Part, Nevada, 1985.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - The zone from the soil surface to 18 cm (A1 and A2 horizons)
Natric horizon - The zone from 30 to 46 cm (2Btnk2 horizon).
Argillic horizon - The zone from 18 to 56 cm (2Btnk1, 2Btnk2, and 2Btqk horizons).
Indurated duripan - The zone from 56 to 152 cm (the 2Bqkm1 and 2Bqkm2 horizons).
Particle-size control section the zone from 18 to 56 cm (2Btnk1, 2Btnk2, and 2Btqk horizons).

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.