LOCATION KINMAN                  CA

Established Series
Rev. JWH/SAA/
04/2016

KINMAN SERIES

The Kinman series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in material weathered from sandstone, mudstone, and siltstone. Kinman soils are on mountains and have slopes of 2 to 50 percent. The mean annual precipitation is about 1400 millimeters and the mean annual temperature is about 11 degrees C.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquultic Argixerolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Kinman silt loam on a west facing convex slope of 22 percent under grassland, at an elevation of 792 meters. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted.) When described on June 15, 2010, the soil was moist throughout.

A1--0 to 15 cm; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; 26 percent clay; strong medium granular structure; firm, hard, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots throughout; common very fine tubular pores; 3 percent strongly cemented gravel; noneffervescent; moderately acid, pH 5.8; clear smooth boundary. (15 to 27 cm thick)

A2--15 to 33 cm; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; 28 percent clay; strong medium granular structure; firm, hard, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine roots throughout; 3 percent strongly cemented gravel; noneffervescent; moderately acid (pH 5.8); abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 25 cm thick)

Bt1--33 to 60 cm; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) clay, olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) moist; 40 percent clay; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; extremely firm, extremely hard, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 15 percent faint clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent fine prominent irregular gray (10YR 5/1) moist, iron depletions with diffuse boundaries in matrix and 10 percent fine prominent irregular yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist, iron-manganese concretions with diffuse boundaries in matrix; noneffervescent; moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--60 to 95 centimeters; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)clay, olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) moist; 42 percent clay; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; extremely firm, extremely hard, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine tubular pores; 15 percent faint clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent fine prominent irregular gray (10YR 5/1) moist, iron depletions with diffuse boundaries in matrix and 10 percent fine prominent irregular yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist, iron-manganese concretions with diffuse boundaries in matrix; noneffervescent; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons is 50 to 120 cm)

Cg1--95 to 110 centimeters; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) broken face clay, olive brown (2.5Y 4/3)broken face, moist; 40 percent clay; structureless massive; firm, hard, moderately sticky and very plastic; 70 percent prominent pressure faces on faces of peds; 5 percent fine prominent irregular yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), moist, iron-manganese concretions with diffuse boundaries in matrix; noneffervescent; neutral (pH 7.0); gradual smooth boundary.

Cg2--110 to 150 centimeters; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) moist; 37 percent clay; structureless massive; firm, hard, moderately sticky and very plastic; 70 percent pressure faces throughout; 5 percent fine prominent irregular yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist, iron-manganese concretions with diffuse boundaries in matrix; 5 percent moderately cemented shale fragments; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); gradual smooth boundary.

Cg3--150 to 180 centimeters; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam, dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) moist; 37 percent clay; structureless massive; firm, hard, moderately sticky and very plastic; 70 percent pressure faces throughout; 5 percent fine prominent irregular yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist, iron-manganese concretions with diffuse boundaries in matrix; 10 percent moderately cemented shale fragments; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6). (Combined thickness of the C horizons is 30 to 110 cm)

TYPE LOCATION: Humboldt County, California; about 2.2 kilometers west of Kneeland airport; USGS 7.5 minute quadrangle Iaqua Buttes, California; WGS84 Decimal degrees 40.7126389 latitude, -123.9516389 longitude; UTM zone 10 419619mE, 4507294mN, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture: The soil moisture control section is dry in all parts for 45 or more consecutive days after the summer solstice and moist in all parts from November through May. The soil has a xeric soil moisture regime.

Soil Temperature: The mean annual soil temperature at 50 centimeters is 12 to 13 degrees C. The difference between mean summer and mean winter temperature is 6 degrees or more C. The soil has a mesic soil temperature regime.

Depth to Redoximorphic Features: 25 to 50 centimeters

Particle size control section (weighted average):
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Pararock fragments: 0 to 10 percent
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent

Mollic epipedon: 25 to 50 centimeters thick

A horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 5, 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1 to 3, dry or moist
Texture: silt loam
Rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent gravel
Clay content: 20 to 27 percent
Reaction: moderately acid

Bt horizon
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 through 6, 2 through 4 moist
Chroma: 1 through 4, dry or moist
Texture of fine earth: clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, and clay
Rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent gravel
Clay content: 35 to 45 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to neutral

Redoximorphic Features: fine and medium iron-manganese masses
Quantity: few to many
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y moist
Value: 3 through 6 moist
Chroma: 3 through 6 moist

Redoximorphic features: fine and medium iron depletions
Quantity: few to common
Hue: 10YR to 2.5Y moist
Value: 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2 moist

C horizon (when present)
Hue: 10YR through 5Y
Value: 4 through 6, 2.5 through 4 moist
Chroma: 1 through 3, dry or moist
Texture of fine earth: gravelly clay loam, silty clay, silty clay loam, and clay
Rock fragments: 5 to 25 percent gravel, 0 to 10 percent cobbles
Pararock fragments: 0 to 34 percent paragravel
Clay content: 30 to 45 percent
Reaction: moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Redoximorphic Features: fine and medium iron-manganese masses
Quantity: few to many
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y moist
Value: 3 through 6 moist
Chroma: 3 through 6 moist

Redoximorphic features: fine and medium iron depletions
Quantity: few to common
Hue: 10YR to 2.5Y moist
Value: 4 through 6 moist
Chroma: 1 or 2 moist

COMPETING SERIES: Dupee, Linslaw, Santiam, and the Zing series. The Dupee, Linslaw, and Santiam soils have ochric epipedons. Zing soils formed in colluvium derived from igneous rocks.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Kinman soils are on mountain slopes. Slopes range from 2 to 50 percent. Kinman soils are on concave to slightly convex slopes. Elevations range from 600 to 1100 meters. These soils formed in slow-moving earthflows. Landscapes dominated by Kinman soils have hummocky relief, slips, and intermittent springs. The climate is subhumid with warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters. Mean annual precipitation is 1300 to 1650 millimeters. Mean January temperature is about 6 degrees C, mean July temperature is about 17 degrees C., and the mean annual temperature is 8 to 13 degrees C. Frost free period is about 200 to 280 days.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Elkcamp and Airstrip soils. Airstrip soils are on convex positons, contain more than 35 percent coarse fragments, and have lithic contact between 50 and 100 centimeters. Elkcamp soils contain less than 35 percent clay and are on hummocky slopes.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained; very high runoff; moderately low saturated hydraulic conductivity.

USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used for livestock grazing, watershed, and wildlife habitat. Vegetation is annual and perennial grass and forbs including soft brome, bristly dogstail grass, wildrye, medusahead, and western rush.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Siskiyou-Trinity Area; MLRA 4B. The soils are not extensive.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Davis, California

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Humboldt County Soil Survey, Central Part, California, 2014. The name is coined.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon - the zone from 0 to 33 centimeters (A1, A2 horizons)
Argillic horizon - the zone from 33 to 95 centimeters (Bt1, Bt2 horizons)
Particle size control section - the zone from 33 to 83 centimeters (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons)
Aquultic subgroup - the zone from 33 to 180 cm (Bt1, Bt2, C1, C2, C3 horizons)
The type location was moved in 2014 from UTM Zone 10 399562mE, 4478145mN to locate the series in an area with somewhat poorly drained soils.
Kinman was proposed in the 1959 State Cooperative Soil-Vegetation Survey. The soil was formerly classified in the Prairie group. Lab data from three soils(Peaked 07N0346, Forhaux 07N0347, and Pigtoe 07N0348) near the original type location all have BS below 50% (NH4OAc) at the surface, superactive CEC activity classes, and less than 75% BS (sum of cations) in some horizon above 75 cm. However, pH of most soils indicates higher B.S. and parent material in area is weathered from gouge material of chloritic schist. The original Kinman was moderately well to somewhat poorly drained. Minerology was changed from vermiculitic to mixed because of a preponderance of local lab data. The soil temperature regime was changed from isomesic to mesic because of a preponderance of soil temperature data.


ADDITIONAL DATA:

NASIS User Pedon ID 10CA600678

Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 12th edition

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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.