LOCATION KINZEL OR
Established Series
Rev. AON/JGM/KMS
02/2025
KINZEL SERIES
Landscape--northwestern Middle Cascade glaciated mountains
Landform--mountain slopes, broad ridgetops on mountains, side slopes of canyons in mountains, colluvial aprons in U-shaped valleys
Slope--2 to 90 percent
Parent material--colluvium and till derived from basalt and andesite mixed with volcanic ash
Mean annual precipitation--about 2800 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 6 degrees C
Depth class--very deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--udic
Soil temperature regime--cryic
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial-skeletal, amorphic Typic Fulvicryands
TYPICAL PEDON: Kinzel gravelly medial silt loam, forested
Oi--0 to 4 cm; slightly decomposed plant material consisting of needles, twigs, cones, and leaves
A1--4 to 8 cm; gravelly medial silt loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry, black (10YR 2/1) moist; many clean light gray silica sand grains; weak very fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many roots; many very fine and fine irregular and tubular pores; 15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid (pH 4.6); abrupt wavy boundary
A2--8 to 37 cm; gravelly medial silt loam, brown (7.5YR 4/3) dry, very dark brown (7.5YR 2/2) moist; moderate very fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine tubular and irregular pores; many roots; 20 percent gravel and 5 percent cobbles; strongly acid (pH 5.5); gradual smooth boundary
Bw1--37 to 60 cm; extremely cobbly medial silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, brown (7.5YR 4/3) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common roots; 20 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles, and 15 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary
Bw2--60 to 75 cm; extremely cobbly medial silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry, dark brown (10YR 3/3) moist; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; soft, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common roots; 20 percent gravel, 30 percent cobbles, and 20 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.8); clear wavy boundary
Bw3--75 to 100 cm; extremely cobbly medial silt loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common roots; 30 percent gravel, 35 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; moderately acid (pH 5.6); clear wavy boundary
C--100 to 150 cm; extremely cobbly medial sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; 30 percent gravel, 35 percent cobbles, and 5 percent stones; many very fine and fine tubular pores; common roots; moderately acid (pH 5.7)
TYPE LOCATION: Multnomah County, Oregon, 90 m east of the north corner of Bull Run Lake; in the SE1/4 of the SW1/4 of section 21, T. 1 S., R. 8 E., Willamette Meridian; latitude 45.4627, longitude -121.8370, datum WGS 84 (coordinates estimated from PLSS details)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--5 to 8 degrees C
Dry days--less than 45 consecutive days following summer solstice
Thickness of umbric epipedon--25 to 50 cm
Clay content--10 to 20 percent
Estimated properties of layers with andic soil properties
*Thickness of andic soil properties--greater than 150 cm
*Phosphate retention--85 to 100 percent
*Ammonium oxalate extractable Al plus 1/2 Fe--2.0 to 4.0 percent
*15-bar water retention--30 to 70 percent (undried samples), greater than 15 percent (dried samples)
*Particles 0.02- to 2.0-mm diameter--greater than 30 percent of the fine-earth fraction
*Volcanic glass content in 0.02- to 2.0-mm fraction--5 to 30 percent
O horizons
*Composition--slightly to moderately decomposed plant material
*Combined thickness--0 to 10 cm
A1 horizon
*Hue--10YR
*Value--2 or 3 moist, 3 to 5 dry
*Chroma--1 or 2 moist or dry
*Fine-earth texture--medial loam, medial silt loam
*Total fragment content--15 to 50 percent
*Gravel content--10 to 45 percent
*Cobble content--0 to 15 percent
*Organic carbon content--6 to 12 percent
*1/3-bar bulk density--0.45 to 0.75 g/cm3
*Reaction--pH 4.5 to 6.0
A2 horizon
*Hue--10YR, 7.5YR, variegations of 5YR in some areas
*Value--2 to 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
*Chroma--2 or 3 moist or dry
*Fine-earth texture--medial loam, medial silt loam
*Total fragment content--15 to 50 percent
*Gravel content--10 to 45 percent
*Cobble content--0 to 15 percent
*Organic carbon content--4 to 9 percent
*1/3-bar bulk density--0.5 to 0.8 g/cm3
*Reaction--pH 4.5 to 6.0
*Combined thickness of A horizons--25 to 50 cm
Bw horizons
*Hue--7.5YR, 10YR
*Value--4 moist, 5 or 6 dry
*Chroma--3 or 4 moist or dry
*Fine-earth texture--medial loam, medial silt loam, medial sandy loam
*Total fragment content--35 to 80 percent
*Gravel content--15 to 40 percent
*Cobble content--10 to 40 percent
*Stone content--0 to 20 percent
*1/3-bar bulk density--0.6 to 0.9 g/cm3
*Reaction--pH 5.1 to 6.0
*Thickness--30 to 100 cm
C horizon
*Hue--7.5YR, 10YR
*Value--4 moist, 5 or 6 dry
*Chroma--3 or 4 moist or dry
*Fine-earth texture--medial loam, medial silt loam, medial sandy loam
*Total fragment content--35 to 80 percent
*Gravel content--15 to 60 percent
*Cobble content--15 to 50 percent
*Stone content--5 to 20 percent
*1/3-bar bulk density--0.6 to 1.1 g/cm3
*Reaction--pH 5.1 to 6.0
COMPETING SERIES:
Stahl--50 to 100 cm to lithic contact
Talapus--50 to 100 cm to firm till (not root-restricting)
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--850 to 1600 m
Climate--cold, wet winters; mild, dry summers
Mean annual precipitation--1800 to 3600 mm
Mean annual air temperature--3 to 7 degrees C
Frost-free period--10 to 90 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Lastance--contains an albic horizon and a spodic horizon; located on mountain slopes and broad ridgetops
Talapus--50 to 100 cm to firm till (non-root restricting); located on mountains and mountain slopes
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class--well drained
Saturation during normal years--none
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--high
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--timber production, wildlife habitat, recreation
Potential natural vegetation--Pacific silver fir, Douglas-fir, western hemlock, Alaska huckleberry, bunchberry dogwood, sweet after death, white insideout flower
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Cascade Mountains of northwestern Oregon; MLRA 3; moderate extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Clackamas County, Oregon (Bull Run, Sandy Area); 1976
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and other features in this pedon
*Particle-size control section--zone from 4 to 104 cm
*Umbric epipedon--zone from 4 to 37 cm
*Cambic horizon--zone from 37 to 100 cm
*Andic soil properties--zone from 4 to 150 cm
*Volcanic glass--zone from 4 to 150 cm
09/2023--all mineral horizons meet criteria #3 for andic soil properties in the 13th edition of Keys to Soil Taxonomy. All pedons have third-bar bulk density low enough to also meet criteria #2 (no ash required) throughout the umbric epipedon, and some pedons meet criteria #2 throughout the profile. Clean silt grains in the A1 horizon and "variegations of 5YR in some areas" described for the A2 horizon could be evidence of podzolization. However, evidence is insufficient to reclassify to Spodosols at this time.
The soils are derived dominantly from rock of the Cascade Andesite Formation (olivine basalt and olivine-bearing andesite); however, they are derived from rock of the Columbia River Basalt Formation in some areas.
11/2000--Andic soil properties to a depth of 150 cm are based on guidelines developed from laboratory data for soils recognized in the western Oregon Cascades .
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.