LOCATION KISHWALK OR
Established Series
GDM/RWL
02/2025
KISHWALK SERIES
Landscape--foothills, mountains, canyonlands
Landform--hillslopes, canyon walls
Slope--2 to 80 percent
Parent Material--colluvium and residuum over basalt
Mean annual precipitation--about 350 mm
Mean annual air temperature--about 8 degrees
Depth class--moderately deep
Drainage class--well drained
Soil moisture regime--xeric
Soil temperature regime--mesic
Soil moisture subclass--typic
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey-skeletal, smectitic, mesic Pachic Argixerolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Kishwalk very stony loam--rangeland, on a 42 percent slope at an elevation of 570 m.
A--0 to 12 cm; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) very stony loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; soft, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; 20 percent stones, 10 percent cobbles, 10 percent gravel; pH 7.0 (neutral); clear smooth boundary
BA--12 to 35 cm; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very stony loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine roots; many very fine and fine tubular pores; 20 percent stones, 15 percent cobbles, 10 percent gravel; pH 7.0 (neutral); clear smooth boundary
Bt1--35 to 58 cm; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very stony clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 30 percent stones, 15 percent cobbles, 5 percent gravel; pH 7.0 (neutral); clear smooth boundary
Bt2--58 to 78 cm; dark brown (10YR 3/3) extremely stony clay, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; many distinct clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 40 percent stones, 15 percent cobbles, 5 percent gravel; pH 7.0 (neutral); clear smooth boundary
Bt3--78 to 96 cm; brown (10YR 4/3) extremely stony clay, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots; few very fine and fine tubular pores; many prominent clay films on faces of peds and lining pores; 50 percent stones, 20 percent cobbles, 5 percent gravel; pH 7.2 (neutral); abrupt wavy boundary
2R--96 cm; basalt
TYPE LOCATION: Wasco County (Warm Springs Indian Reservation), Oregon, about 150 m east and 365 m south of the NW corner of section 27, T.8 S., R.12 E; latitude 44.84889, longitude -121.30694, WGS84 datum (coordinates estimated from PLSS details)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Mean annual soil temperature--10 to 12 degrees C
Soil Moisture--usually moist, but are dry in all parts of the moisture control section for 60 to 90 consecutive days within the four months that follow the summer solstice
Thickness of mollic epipedon--20 to 80 cm; may include upper part of argillic horizon
Thickness of argillic horizon--40 to 75 cm
Depth to bedrock--50 to 100 cm
Reaction--pH 6.6 to 7.3 (neutral)
Stone--15 to 40 percent
Cobble--10 to 30 percent
Gravel--10 to 35 percent
Particle Size Control Section:
Clay--35 to 55 percent
Weighted Average Clay--35 to 40 percent
Total rock fragment content--35 to 85 percent
A horizon
*Value--2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
*Chroma--1 or 2
*Fine earth texture--loam, silt loam
*Clay--15 to 27 percent
*Sand--20 to 50 percent
*Organic matter--2 to 6 percent
*Gravel--5 to 20 percent
*Cobble--5 to 35 percent
*Stone--5 to 30 percent
*Reaction--neutral
*Thickness--10 to 25 cm
BA horizon
*Value--2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
*Chroma--1 or 2
*Fine earth texture--loam, silt loam, clay loam, silty clay loam
*Clay--20 to 35 percent
*Sand--15 to 45 percent
*Organic matter--1.5 to 4 percent
*Gravel--5 to 20 percent
*Cobble--10 to 35 percent
*Stone--5 to 30 percent
*Reaction--neutral
*Thickness--0 to 30 cm
Bt1,2 horizons
*Value--2 or 3 moist, 4 or 5 dry
*Chroma--1 or 2
*Fine earth texture--clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, clay
*Clay--30 to 50 percent
*Sand--15 to 45 percent
*Organic matter--1 to 3 percent
*Gravel--5 to 10 percent
*Cobble--10 to 35 percent
*Stone--15 to 40 percent
*Reaction--neutral
Bt3 horizon
*Value--4 or 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry
*Chroma--3 or 4
*Fine earth texture--clay
*Clay--40 to 55 percent
*Sand--15 to 45 percent
*Organic matter--0.5 to 1.5 percent
*Gravel--5 to 10 percent
*Cobble--10 to 35 percent
*Stone--20 to 60 percent
*Reaction--neutral
*Thickness--50 to 135 cm combined thickness of Bt horizons
COMPETING SERIES:
Dosie,
Tablerock--greater than 100 cm to bedrock
Gurdane--have a cambic horizon over an argillic horizon (2Bt) 12 to 35 cm thick
Mallory--have a mean annual soil temperature of 8 to 10 degrees C
Thiessen--have a particle-size control section containing stress oriented fabric; contain less than 15 percent stone size rock fragments
Drakce--deep to lithic contact
Zweygardt--very deep
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Elevation--550 to 1400 m
Slope--2 to 80 percent
Climate--cool wet winters, hot dry summers
Mean annual precipitation--305 to 505 mm
Mean annual air temperature--7 to 10 degrees C
Frost-free period--80 to 120 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:
Rockly-occur on patterned ground; loamy-skeletal, very shallow to bedrock
Sagley--occur on adjacent north-facing side slopes; loamy-skeletal, deep to basalt bedrock
Watama--occur on patterned ground; fine-loamy, moderately deep to bedrock
Gwinly--occur on side slopes of canyons; shallow to basalt bedrock
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage--well drained
Flooding--none
Ponding--none
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat)--moderately high to high in upper horizons, low to moderately high in lower horizons
USE AND VEGETATION:
Use--livestock grazing, wildlife habitat
Vegetation--Basin big sagebrush, Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, Thurber's needlegrass, antelope bitterbrush
Typical Ecological Site--JD Clayey South 12-16 PZ (R010XB045OR)
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
North central Oregon; MLRA 10; small extent
SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana
SERIES ESTABLISHED:
Wasco County (Warm Springs Indian Reservation), Oregon 1993
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
*Particle-size control section--35 to 85 cm
*Mollic epipedon--0 to 78 cm
*Argillic horizon--35 to 96 cm
*Pachic feature--0 to 78 cm
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.