LOCATION KROME                   FL

Established Series
Rev. CN-MFV-AMS
12/2025

KROME SERIES

MLRA(s): 156A
Soil Survey Regional Office (SSRO) Responsible: Auburn, Alabama
Depth Class: Very shallow
Drainage Class: Moderately well drained
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity: Moderately low to moderately high in the limnic material and negligible in the rock material
Parent Material: Loamy-skeletal residuum weathered from oolitic limestone bedrock
Slope: 0 to 5 percent
Elevation: 1 to 7 meters above mean sea level.
Mean Annual Air Temperature: 24 degrees C (75 degrees F)
Mean Annual Precipitation: 1345millimeter (53 inches)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, carbonatic, isohyperthermic Lithic Haprendolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Krome very gravelly loam on a low rise in a cropped field. (Colors are for moist unless otherwise stated.)

Akp--0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches); dark brown (10YR 3/3) very gravelly loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak medium granular structure; very friable, soft; 40 percent limestone gravel; finely disseminated carbonates; strongly effervescent with 1N HCl; slightly alkaline (pH 7.6); abrupt irregular boundary. [5 to 25 centimeters 2 to 10 inches) thick]

R--18 centimeters (7 inches); weakly to strongly cemented rippable oolitic limestone; solution holes up to 61 centimeters (24 inches) or deeper can be filled with similar material.

TYPE LOCATION: Dade County, Florida; USGS quadrangle Grossman Hammock, FL.
Latitude: 25.5053861
Longitude: 80.5449639
Datum: WGS84
Estimated from other source

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness: 25 centimeters or less
Depth of mollic epipedon: 10 to 25 centimeters (4 to 10 inches)
Depth to limestone bedrock: 5 to 25 centimeters (2 to 10 inches)
Depth to endosaturation: 107 to 152 centimeters (42 to 60 inches) and is within the limestone bedrock
Reaction: slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline throughout (pH 7.4 to 8.4)
Calcium carbonate equivalence: 40 to 80 percent or more
EC (mmhos/cm): 4 to 32 or more
Sodium Absorption Ratio: 5 to 15 percent or more
Exchangeable Sodium Percent: 0 to 13 percent or more


Particle-size control section (weighted averages):
Clay content: 8 to 40 percent, but averages less than 35 percent
Sand content: 30 to 60 percent
Silt content: 20 to 40 percent

Ak or Akp horizon(s):
Hue: 10YR to 5YR
Value: 2 to 3 moist, 3 to 5 dry
Chroma: 1 to 3 moist or dry
Texture: very gravelly loam, clay loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or loamy sand

Rock fragments: 35 to 50 percent gravel


R horizon: weakly to strongly cemented porous rippable oolitic limestone.

COMPETING SERIES: This is the Keyvaca series.
Keyvaca soils: have 5 to 25 percent rock cobble size fragments within the control section, have water tables at depths of less than 100 centimeters, and are subject to rare flooding from hurricanes, and occur on the islands of Key West.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Landscape: Lower Coastal Plain
Landform(s): low broad flats and low rises on the Miami ridge
Parent material: loamy-skeletal residuum over oolitic limestone bedrock
Mean annual temperature: 23 to 27 degrees C (73 to 81 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 940 to 1570 millimeters (37 to 62 inches)
Frost-free period: 365 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Biscayne, Chekika, Opalocka, Pennsuco and Perrine soils.
Biscayne, Pennsuco, and Perrine soils: lack more than 15 percent limestone fragments, have more than 50 percent silt by average, and are poorly or very poorly drained and occur on lower positions.
Chekika soils: are somewhat poorly drained and occur on similar positions.
Opalocka soils: have sandy textures throughout, do not have a dark soil surface, and occur over limestone bedrock on low broad ridges or hills of the Miami Ridge.

DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY:
Drainage class: Moderately well drained, the water table in areas of the Krome soils is within the limestone bedrock.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity (KSAT): Moderately high to high
Runoff: high to very high
Depth to seasonal high-water table: 100 to 150 centimeters (40 to 60 inches) and is within the limestone bedrock

USE AND VEGETATION:
Major uses: citrus, avocadoes, subtropical fruits, truck crops, and urban land.
Dominant vegetation: scattered slash pine and saw palmetto. The understory vegetation includes various grasses and shrubs.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT:
General area: Florida Everglades and associated areas
Land Resource Region: U - Florida Subtropical Fruit, Truck Crop and Range Region
Major Land Resource Area: 156A
Extent: Moderate

SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (SSRO) RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Miami-Dade County, Florida; 1990.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this Pedon:

Particle-size control section: 0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches)
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches) (Akp horizon)
Lithic contact: 18 centimeters (7 inches) (R horizon)
Skeletal feature: more than 35 percent limestone fragments - 0 to 18 centimeters (0 to 7 inches) (Akp horizon)
Calcium carbonate equivalence: greater than 40 percent.

This soil was mapped as Rockdale fine sandy loam, level phase-Limestone complex and Rockdale fine sandy loam, undulating phase-Limestone complex in the 1947 soil survey. This soil was unclassified.

ADDITIONAL DATA:
Laboratory data is available on the National Soil Survey website at: http://ncsslabdatamart.sc.egov.usda.gov/querypage.aspx

OSD User Site ID: 2020FL686001

OSD User Pedon ID: 2020FL686001
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National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.