LOCATION KEENO MOEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, active, mesic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Keeno gravelly silt loam - on a 4 percent slope in pasture; at an elevation of 1,170 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1--0 to 17 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) gravelly silt loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; moderate very fine granular structure; friable; common fine roots; 25 percent chert gravel; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
A2--17 to 22 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) very gravelly silt loam; brown (7.5YR 5/2) dry; moderate very fine subangular blocky and granular structure; friable; common fine roots; 50 percent chert gravel; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizon is 10 to 30 inches.)
Bt--22 to 30 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) very gravelly silty clay loam; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct reddish brown (5YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; 55 percent chert gravel; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
2Ex--30 to 37 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) extremely gravelly silt loam; weak medium platy structure; very firm; about 65 percent brittleness; few distinct clay films in cracks of lower part; common medium prominent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) and common medium distinct dark brown (10YR 3/3) masses of iron accumulation; few fine faint light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions; few fine black manganese concretions; 70 percent chert gravel; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
2Btx--37 to 45 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) extremely gravelly silt loam; massive parting to weak platy structure; very firm; about 60 percent brittleness; few distinct clay films; common medium prominent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and pale brown (10YR 6/3) masses of iron accumulation; few fine prominent light gray (10YR 7/1) iron depletions; few fine black manganese concretions; 70 percent chert gravel; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 14 inches thick)
3Bt--45 to 72 inches; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) extremely gravelly clay; moderate very fine and fine angular blocky structure; very firm; 70 percent chert gravel, some of which are in horizontal beds; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Lawrence County, Missouri; about 5 miles west and 1 mile south of Mt. Vernon; 2,900 feet east and 100 feet south of the NW corner of sec. 5, T. 27 N., R. 27 W.; USGS Stotts City, Missouri quadrangle, lat. 37 degrees 5 minutes 16 seconds N and long. 93 degrees 54 minutes 22 seconds W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The dark colored surface horizons range from 10 to 30 inches in thickness and in some pedons include all or part of the argillic horizon above the fragipan. Base saturation is less than 50 percent in part of the argillic horizon above the fragipan.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR; value of 2 or 3 (3 to 5 dry); and chroma of 2 or 3. It is the gravelly or very gravelly analogues of silt loam or loam. It is very strongly acid to neutral.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR to 5YR; value of 3 to 5 (5 to 7 dry); and chroma of 2 to 8. It is very gravelly or extremely gravelly analogues of silty clay loam or clay loam. It is extremely acid to slightly acid.
The 2Ex and 2Btx horizons have mottled colors of red, gray, and brown. They are very gravelly or extremely gravelly analogues of silt loam, silty clay loam or clay loam. Reaction is extremely acid to strongly acid.
The 3Bt horizon has hue of 10R to 5YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam or their very gravelly or extremely gravelly analogues. It is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Wilderness series. Similar series are the Nixa and Scholten. These soils do not have the dark colored (Mollic) surface layer.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Keeno soils are on uplands and formed in residuum from cherty limestone. Slopes range from 2 to 14 percent. Mean annual temperature ranges from 56 to 58 degrees F, and mean annual precipitation ranges from 40 to 44 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Carytown, Creldon, Eldon, and Gerald soils. Carytown and Eldon soils do not have fragipans. Carytown soils are less sloping. Eldon soils are on similar or more sloping positions. Creldon soils and Gerald soils have less than 35 percent rock fragments above the fragipan and are on similar positions.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Runoff is medium. Permeability is moderate above the fragipan and slow in the fragipan. The saturated hydraulic conductivity is low.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of these soils are in pasture or hayland. Native vegetation is tall prairie grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Springfield Plain area (MLRA 116B) of southwestern Missouri. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Barton County, Missouri, 1969.
REMARKS: This soil was previously classified as a Mollic Fragiudalf, but changes in the "1998 Keys to Taxomony" required that it be changed to the current classification.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 22 inches (A1 and A2 horizons); the soil is not a mollisol because of base saturation in the argillic horizon is too low;
particle-size control section - the zone from approximately 22 to 30 inches (Bt horizon);
fragipan - the zone from approximately 30 to 45 inches (Ex and Btx horizons).