LOCATION KIAN TX
Established Series
HFM-JKW-RM
07/2014
KIAN SERIES
The Kian series consists of very deep, poorly drained soils that formed in loamy alluvial deposits of Holocene age. These soils are meandering channels of creeks and streams. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent but mainly less than 1 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 20 degrees C (67 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 1422 mm (56 in).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, acid, thermic Aeric Endoaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Kian loam, on a 0.1 percent slope--in forest. When described, the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 8 cm, (0 to 3 in); brown (10YR 4/3) loam, brown (10YR 5/3), dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine to coarse roots throughout; common fine interstitial pores; 2 percent fine worm casts; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (8 to 26 cm [3 to 10 in] thick)
Bw1--8 to 41 cm,(3 to 16 in); brown (10YR 5/3) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine to medium roots throughout; common very fine and fine interstitial pores; 2 percent fine distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries on surfaces along root channels; 8 percent medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix surrounding redox concentrations; 3 percent medium worm casts; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 31 to 73 cm [12 to 29 in])
Bw2--41 to 68 cm,(16 to 27 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; common very fine and fine tubular; 10 percent medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries lining pores; 15 percent medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix surrounding redox concentrations; 1 percent silica concretions; very strongly acid ; gradual smooth boundary.
Bg1--68 to 95 cm,(27 to 37 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular; 3 percent fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries lining pores; 10 percent medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries in matrix; 30 percent coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries in matrix; 1 percent silica concretions; very strongly acid ; gradual smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the Bg horizons is 102 to 179 cm [40 to 72 in])
Bg2--95 to 123 cm,(27 to 49 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine roots; common very fine pores; 2 percent medium prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) iron-manganese nodules; 10 percent medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with sharp boundaries in matrix; 15 percent coarse prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions with clear boundaries in matrix; 1 percent silica concretions; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bg3--123 to 181 cm,(49 to 71 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loamy sand; weak fine granular structure; loose; 10 percent medium prominent pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions with diffuse boundaries in matrix; 30 percent coarse prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) with diffuse boundaries in matrix; 10 percent coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries in matrix; 8 percent 6 to 10 mm silica concretions; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
Bg4--181 to 203 cm,(71 to 80 in); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) sand; weak fine granular structure; loose; 5 percent medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries in matrix and 10 percent coarse prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of oxidized iron with diffuse boundaries in matrix; 5 percent 3 to 7 mm silica concretions; very strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Polk County, Texas; from intersection of Farm Road 943 and Farm Road 1276; 0.6 mile northeast on Farm Road 1276 to north side of Big Sandy Creek bridge; 350 ft west in forest.(Segno NE USGS quad; Latitude: 30 degrees 34 minutes 40.40 seconds north; Longitude: 94 degrees 37 minutes 52.10 seconds west; WGS84)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An aquic soil moisture regime. .
Mean annual soil temperature: 20.6 to 21.7 degrees C (69 to 71 degrees F)
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 7 to 14 percent
A Horizon
Hue: 10YR
Value: 4 or 5
Chroma: 1 to 3
Texture: loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content: 4 to 19 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-0 to 10 percent, shades-brown or yellow
Reaction: very strongly acid to moderately acid
Bw Horizons
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1to 3
Texture: loamy fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content: 6 to 19 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-5 to 45 percent, shades-brown or yellow
Redox depletions: amount-0 to 5 percent, shades-gray
Reaction: very strongly acid or strongly acid
Bg Horizons
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 to 7
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
Clay content: 4 to 22 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-10 to 45 percent, shades-brown, yellow, or red
Redox depletions: amount-0 to 10 percent, shades-gray, blue or green
Reaction: extremely acid to moderately acid
Some pedons have thin stratified layers.
COMPETING SERIES: These are no series in the same family. Similar soils include the
Briscot (WA),
Cranmore (TN), Hockinsom (WA),
Lim (CT),
Potobac (MD),
Rippowam (CT),
Rumney (ME),
Tyndall (CA), and
Worswick (CA) soils.
All of these series have mixed mineralogy and are in a cooler soil temperature regime.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy alluvium derived from igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock of Holocene age.
Landscape: coastal plains
Landform: flood plains
Microfeature: channels
Slope: 0 to 1 percent slopes
Mean annual air temperature range: 19.5 to 20.6 degrees C (67 to 69) degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation range: 1219 to 1473 mm (48 to 58 in)
Precipitation Pattern: Rainfall is fairly uniform throughout the year
Frost-free period: 240 to 300 days
Elevation: 6 to 46 m (20 to 150 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 76 to 80
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are
Gowker (TX),
Hatliff (TX),
Kaman (TX)),
Nahatche (TX),
Pluck (TX) and
Voss (TX) series.
Gowker soils: a mollic epipedon; on a higher position on the same landform
Hatliff soils: are better drained; on a higher position on the same landform
Kaman soils: are clayey throughout
Nahatche soils: are somewhat poorly drained; on a higher position on the same landform
Pluck soils: are in a fine-loamy family; on a similar landform
Voss soils: sandy throughout; bars adjacent to stream channels.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained. Runoff is high. A water table is at or near the surface during the winter and spring months. Frequently flooded for brief to long periods throughout normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of Kian soils are mixed hardwood and pine cut-over forest. A few areas have been cleared and are used for pasture of bahiagrass or improved bermudagrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern coastal plains of southeast Texas and Louisiana. Land Resource Region T; MLRA 152B; the soils of this series are moderately extensive.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Polk and San Jacinto Counties, Texas; 1983.
REMARKS: Kian soils were formerly included in the Bibb series. The original series description was erroneously located in an area not indicative of the series. The location was changed to this pedon during the update of MLRA 152B. This site represents the series concept well. The classification was changed during the update of MLRA 152B to reflect current taxonomy.
Diagnostic horizons and features of this soil are:
Ochric epipedon -0 to 8 cm (0 to 3 in) (A horizons)
Cambic horizon- 8 to 203 cm (3 to 80 in) (Bw and Bg horizons)
Aquic conditions-41 to 203 cm (16 to 80 in)( Bw2 and Bg horizons)
ADDITIONAL DATA: Particle-size analysis and pH tests were performed at the project office on the series type location. Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory data available on pedon S12TX373024 from the typical pedon in Polk County, Texas.
Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Eleventh Edition, 2010.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.