LOCATION LAMOINE ME+MA VT
Established Series
Rev. GBJ-PAH-WDH-NRB
04/2016
LAMOINE SERIES
The Lamoine series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils formed in glaciolacustrine or glaciomarine deposits on coastal lowlands and river valleys. Slope ranges from 0 to 15 percent. Permeability is moderate or moderately slow in the surface horizon, moderately slow or slow in the upper part of the subsoil, and slow or very slow in the lower part of the subsoil and in the substratum. Mean annual temperature is about 7 degrees C, and mean annual precipitation is about 1118 mm at the type location.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, illitic, nonacid, frigid Aeric Epiaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Lamoine silt loam, on a 3 percent slope in an abandoned hayfield. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Ap--0 to 18 cm; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate fine granular structure; friable; many very fine and common fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (13 to 31 cm thick)
Bw1--18 to 23 cm; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; many very fine and few fine roots; few fine prominent light olive gray (5Y 6/2) iron depletions, and common fine and medium distinct olive (5Y 5/3) and common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Bw2--23 to 30 cm; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) silt loam; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine roots; common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation, and common medium prominent light olive gray (5Y 6/2) iron depletions; olive (5Y 5/3) faces of peds; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Bw3--30 to 43 cm; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine roots between peds; few medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation, and common medium prominent gray (5Y 6/1) and many coarse prominent light olive gray (5Y 6/2) iron depletions; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) faces of peds; few prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) manganese coats on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bw horizons is 23 to 71 cm.)
BCg--43 to 53 cm; olive (5Y 4/3) silty clay loam; strong very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak thin and medium platy; firm; few very fine roots between peds; common medium faint olive gray (5Y 5/2) iron depletions and common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; olive gray (5Y 5/2) faces of peds within prisms; gray (5Y 6/1) faces of prisms; common prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) manganese coats on faces of peds within prisms; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 41 cm thick)
Cg1--53 to 81 cm; olive (5Y 4/3) silty clay; strong very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak thin and medium platy; firm; few very fine roots between peds; common medium distinct gray (5Y 5/1) iron depletions; olive gray (5Y 4/2) faces of peds within prisms; gray (5Y 6/1) faces of prisms; many prominent black (5YR 2/1) manganese coats on faces of peds within prisms; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulations associated with the manganese coats; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Cg2--81 to 127 cm; olive (5Y 5/3) silty clay; weak thin platy structure; firm; common coarse distinct gray (5Y 5/1) iron depletions and common coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; olive gray (5Y 5/2) faces of peds; many prominent black (5YR 2/1) manganese coats on faces of peds; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulations associated with the manganese coats; neutral; diffuse wavy boundary.
Cg3--127 to 165 cm; olive (5Y 5/3) silty clay; weak thin platy structure; firm; common medium faint olive gray (5Y 5/2) iron depletions; olive (5Y 4/3) faces of peds; many prominent black (5YR 2/1) manganese coats on faces of peds; common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulations associated with the manganese coats; neutral.
TYPE LOCATION: Hancock County, Maine; City of Ellsworth; west of Union River, 1,300 feet north of junction of U.S. Route 1A and Gilpatrick Brook, in an abandoned hayfield between a gravel road and the railroad track; USGS Ellsworth topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 34 minutes 25 seconds N. and long. 68 degrees 27 minutes and 24 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges from 41 to 140 cm. Depth to bedrock is more than 152 cm. Rock fragment content throughout the soil is less than 5 percent by volume. Stones cover from 0 to 3 percent of the surface. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid in the surface, unless limed, from strongly acid to neutral in the subsoil, and from moderately acid to neutral in the substratum.
Some pedons have an O horizon.
The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, with value and chroma of 2 to 4. Undisturbed areas have an A horizon 3 to 15 cm thick, that has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 2 to 4 and chroma of 1 to 4. They are silt loam or silty clay loam. They have moderate or strong, very fine to medium granular structure. Consistence is very friable or friable.
The B horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 3 to 7 and chroma of 2 to 6. It is silt loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay. It has weak to strong, fine or medium granular, very fine to coarse subangular blocky, or medium or thick platy structure, or has primary structure that is coarse or very coarse prismatic. Consistence is friable or firm.
The BC horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 1 to 4. It is silt loam, silty clay loam or silty clay. It has blocky or platy structure or has primary structure that is prismatic. Consistence is firm or very firm.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y or is neutral, value of 3 to 6 and chroma of 1 to 4. It is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. It has blocky, platy, or prismatic structure, all of which are considered inherited, or the horizon is massive. Consistence is firm or very firm. Common or many black to dark reddish brown oxide coats are on faces of peds. Some pedons have films on faces of peds that appear to be fine silt.
COMPETING SERIES: There are currently no other series in the same family. The
Roundabout,
Swanton and
Swanville series are similar soils in related families. Roundabout soils have a coarse-silty particle-size class. Swanton soils have a coarse-loamy over clayey particle-size class, and Swanville soils have a fine-silty particle-size class.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lamoine soils are on coastal lowlands and river valleys. Slope ranges from 0 to 15 percent. The soils formed in medium, moderately fine and fine textured glaciolacustrine or glaciomarine sediments. The climate is humid and cool temperate. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 864 to 1219 mm, and mean annual temperature ranges from 6 to 8 degrees C. The frost-free season ranges from 90 to 160 days. Elevation ranges from 2 to 274 meters above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Biddeford,
Boothbay,
Buxton,
Scantic, and
Swanville soils. The very poorly drained Biddeford soils are in depressions on the landscape. The moderately well or somewhat poorly drained Boothbay soils are in similar and higher positions on the landscape and have a fine-silty particle-size class. The moderately well drained Buxton soils are in higher positions on the landscape. The poorly drained Scantic and Swanville soils are in lower positions on the landscape.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Surface runoff is medium. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderately high in the surface horizon, moderately low to moderately high throughout the remainder of the solum, and low to moderately low in the substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Cleared areas are used mainly for hay or pasture. The remaining areas are forested. Common tree species include eastern white pine, balsam fir, red spruce, white spruce, eastern hemlock, red maple, yellow birch, gray birch, paper birch, sugar maple, alders and aspen.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Maine and Vermont. (MLRAs 142, 143, 144A, 144B and 145) The series is of large extent.
MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Amherst, Massachusetts
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hancock County, Maine, 1988.
REMARKS: 1. This revision reflects a change in classification from Aeric Haplaquepts to Aeric Epiaquepts to conform with Keys to Taxonomy, sixth edition, 1994.
2. Some soils formerly mapped as Buxton will now be included with the Lamoine series.
3. Some pedons have been described with a bisequum profile.
4. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
a. Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 18 cm (Ap horizon).
b. Cambic horizon - the zone from 18 to 43 cm (Bw1, Bw2, and Bw3 horizons).
c. Aeric feature - matrix with chroma of 3 or more between the A or Ap horizon and 76 cm.
d. Aquic conditions-Redoximorphic features at 18 cm.
e. Episaturation - a perched water table.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil interpretation record numbers for the Lamoine series are: Lamoine, ME0108; Lamoine, stony, ME0130.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.