LOCATION LATANIER LA+AR+OK

Established Series
Rev. MB:CH:EM:MJB
01/2017

LATANIER SERIES

The Latanier series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils. These nearly level to very gently sloping soils are on natural levees on alluvial plains, and formed in reddish clayey Holocene alluvium overlying Holocene loamy alluvium, of the Arkansas and Red Rivers. Slope ranges from 0 to 3 percent. Mean annual air temperature is about 19.0 degrees C (66.2 degrees F), and mean annual precipitation is about 1465 mm (57.7 in).

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Clayey over loamy, smectitic over mixed, superactive, thermic Oxyaquic HapludertS

TYPICAL PEDON: Latanier clay, 0.5 percent slope in pasture; elevation is 18.9 m (62 ft). (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 15 cm (0 to 6 in); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) clay; strong coarse subangular blocky structure; very firm; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (Thickness of the A horizon is 10 to 20 cm [4 to 8 in])

Bss1--15 to 64 cm (6 to 25 in); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) clay; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and fine angular blocky; firm; very hard; 30 percent (common) distinct slickensides (pedogenic); slightly effervescent by HCl, 1 normal; slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bss2--64 to 76 cm (25 to 30 in); dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) silty clay; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; 10 percent (few) distinct slickensides (pedogenic); 20 percent (few) distinct pressure faces on faces of peds; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bss horizon is 41 to 81 cm [16 to 32 in])

2C1--76 to 104 cm (30 to 41 in); light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) silt loam; massive; friable; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.

2C2--104 to 114 cm (41 to 45 in); reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silty clay loam; massive; moderately plastic; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (Thickness of the C horizon is 51 to 127 cm [20 to 50 in])

2C3--114 to 203 cm (45 to 80 in); reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silt loam; massive; very friable; 10 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of oxidized iron with clear boundaries throughout; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Rapides Parish, Louisiana; about 1.4 miles southeast of Chambers; 100 feet east of drainage ditch; 400 feet north of the southeast corner of Spanish Land Grant section 54, T. 2N., R. 1 E.

USGS Topographic Quadrangle: Woodworth East, LA
Latitude: 31 degrees, 10 minutes, 35 seconds N
Longitude: 92 degrees, 24 minutes, 7.33 seconds W

Decimal Degrees:
Latitude: 31.17638889 degrees
Longitude: -92.40203611 degrees
Datum: NAD 83

UTM Easting: 556980.4 m
UTM Northing: 3449304.4 m
UTM Zone: 15N

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Solum thickness and depth to contrasting texture: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in)
Depth to cambic horizon: 10 to 20 cm (4 to 8 in)
Depth to redox concentrations: 114 to 203 cm (45 to 80 in)
Depth to loamy discontinuity: 51 to 102 cm (20 to 40 in)
Depth to calcareous horizons: 20 to 91 cm (8 to 36 in)
Vertic features: Slickensides at 10 to 64 cm (4 to 25 in)

Particle-size control section (weighted average):
Clay content: 36 to 70 percent
Sand content: 3 to 16 percent

A or Ap horizon:
Hue: 5YR or 7.5YR
Value: 3
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Clay content: 30 to 70 percent
Effervescence: none
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

Bss horizon:
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: clay or silty clay
Clay content: 40 to 70 percent
Redoximorphic features: amount-none to common; size-fine or medium; contrast-distinct or prominent; color-black; kind-manganese; moisture state-moist; shape-irregular; boundary-diffuse; location-on ped faces
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-none to common; size-fine; kind- masses; location-throughout
Effervescence: very slight to violent
Reaction: slightly acid to moderately alkaline

2Bt horizon (where present):
Hue: 2.5YR or 5YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: monotextured or stratified very fine sandy loam, silt loam or silty clay loam
Clay content: 15 to 40 percent
Clay films: distinctness-distinct or prominent; location-on faces of peds
Redoximorphic features: amount-few to common, size-fine or medium, contrast-distinct or prominent, color-black; kind-manganese; moisture state-moist; shape-irregular; boundary-diffuse; location-on ped faces
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, size-fine or medium, contrast-distinct; color-shades-brown; boundary-diffuse; location-in matrix
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-none to common; size-fine; kind-carbonate masses; location-throughout
Effervescence: very slight to violent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

2C horizon:
Hue: 5YR
Value: 4 to 6
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: monotextured or stratified very fine sandy loam, silt loam or silty clay loam; thin strata of clay or silty clay are between the depths of 127 to 152 cm (50 to 60 in) in some pedons
Clay content: 15 to 40 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common; size-fine or medium; contrast-distinct; color-shades-brown; boundary-diffuse; location-in matrix
Identifiable secondary carbonate: amount-none to common; size-fine; kind-carbonate masses; location-throughout
Effervescence: very slight to violent
Reaction: neutral to moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family. Similar series are the Bowdre (MS), Moreland (LA), Newellton (LA) and Tunica (MS) series.
Bowdre soils: is grayer and has a loamy discontinuity within a depth of 51 cm (20 in)
Moreland soils: has a very-fine textured control section.
Newellton and Tunica soils: have lighter colored epipedons and are not as red

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: clayey and loamy Holocene alluvium from sedimentary rock of the Arkansas and Red Rivers
Landscape: alluvial plain
Landform: natural levee
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Soil moisture: Udic soil moisture regime
Mean annual soil temperature: 17 to 22.3 degrees C (62.5 to 72 degrees F)
Mean annual air temperature: 12 to 25 degrees C ( 54 to 77 degrees F)
Mean annual precipitation: 1069 to 1537 mm ( 42 to 60.5 in)
Precipitation Pattern: July through September are the driest months, while October through June are the wettest months
Frost-free period: 219 to 315 days
Elevation: 10 to 40 m (32.8 to 131 ft)
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 81 to 128

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Moreland (LA) series and the Coushatta (LA), Lela (OK), Oklared (OK) and Redlake (OK) series.
Coushatta soils: are fine-silty throughout and is higher on the natural levee
Lela soils: have no strongly contrasting particle-size class in the control section and are on lower positions on the flood plain
Oklared soils: are coarse-loamy throughout and on flood plains
Redlake soils: have no strongly contrasting particle-size class within the control section, and are on flood plains

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: somewhat poorly drained
Permeability: very slow
Runoff: high on slopes less than 1 percent and very high on slopes over 1 percent
Seasonal high water table: a water table is present from 0 to 91 cm (0 to 36 in) from December through April in normal years; the surface is saturated for more than 30 cumulative days in normal years
Flooding frequency: subject to rare to frequent flooding during December through April in normal years

USE AND VEGETATION: Used for cultivation in areas protected by levees. Principal crops are cotton, soybeans, corn, rice and small grains. Native vegetation consists of mixed hardwoods.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Alluvial plains of the Arkansas and Red Rivers in Arkansas, Louisiana and Oklahoma; Land Resource Region O; MLRA 131B and 131C; the series is of large extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES PROPOSED: Rapides Parish, Louisiana; 1970. The name is from a nearby community.

REMARKS: The series was formerly included in the Alluvial great soil group.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle-size control section: 25 to 100 cm (10 to 40 in) (Bss1, Bss2, 2C1 horizon)
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 64 cm (0 to 25 in) (Ap, Bss1 horizons)
Cambic horizon: 15 to 76 cm (6 to 30 in) (Bss horizons)
Vertic features: presence of slickensides at 15 to 76 cm (6 to 30 in) (Bss horizons)
Lithologic discontinuity: upper boundary of the 2C1 horizon

Additional Comments:
The presence of cracks at 0 to 64 cm (0 to 25 in) during dry periods. (Ap, Bss horizons)

The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is inferred from lab data from S65LA-41-5 from Red River Parish, Louisiana.

Edited 01/2017 (JAD-MJB) Changed to tabular format. Updated pedon description, range in characteristics, and other sections.

ADDITIONAL DATA: Particle-size analysis were performed at the project office on nine pedons.

Taxonomic version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.