LOCATION LATINA TX

Established Series
ACT-RM
01/2018

LATINA SERIES

The Latina series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained, slowly permeable, saline and sodic soils that formed in loamy fluviomarine deposits of Pleistocene age. These nearly level soils are low coastal plains depressions. Slope ranges from 0 to 1 percent.Mean annual precipitation is about 686 mm (27 in), and mean annual air temperature is about degrees 22.8 C (73 degrees F)

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, calcareous, hyperthermic Typic Halaquepts

TYPICAL PEDON: Latina sandy clay loam-rangeland; elevation is 2.3 m (7.5 ft). (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Az--0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) sandy clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; massive ; very hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common fine roots; few fine pores; strongly saline; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (8 to 23 cm [3 to 9 in] thick)

Bnz1--10 to 23 cm (4 to 9 in); very dark gray (10YR 3/1) sandy clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky; very hard, friable, sticky and plastic; common fine roots; few fine pores; thin patchy clay films; black organic stains on surfaces of peds; strongly saline; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (8 to 23 cm [3 to 9 in] thick)

Bnz2--23 to 41 cm (9 to 16 in); pale red (2.5YR 6/2) sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; very hard, friable, sticky and plastic; few fine pores; few patchy clay films; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; common threads of salt; strongly saline; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (13 to 23 cm [5 to 9 in] thick)

Bknz--41 to 76 (16 to 30 in); light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy clay loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak coarse angular blocky structure; very hard, friable, sticky and plastic; few fine pores; few faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; common threads and nests of salt; 4 percent masses of calcium carbonate; strongly saline; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (20 to 48 cm [8 to l8 in] thick)

BCknz--76 to 203 cm (30 to 80 in); dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) sandy clay loam, grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) dry; weak coarse subangular blocky structure, appears massive when moist; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and reddish brown (5YR 5/4) masses of iron accumulation; many masses and few concretions of calcium carbonate; strongly saline; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Cameron County, Texas; on Laguna Atascosa Wildlife Refuge 100 feet west of West Lake Road; 1.1 mile north of its intersection with General Brandt Highway. This intersection is 4.0 miles east of the junction of General Brandt and Farm Road 1847; Laguna Atascosa USGS topographic quadrangle; 26 degrees 12 minutes 21.0 seconds N; 97 degrees 23 minutes 51.3 seconds W; WGS 84.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil Moisture: An aquic soil moisture regime.
Mean annual soil temperature: 22.2 to 22.8 degrees C (72 to 73 degrees F)

Solum thickness: 152 to more than 203 cm (60 to more than 80in).
Electrical conductivity: from 40 to 60 dS/m or more (2 to 3 percent salt)throughout, except for periods following heavy rainfall when the upper 15 cm (6 in) is 15 to 40 mmhos/cm.

A Horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sandy loam or sandy clay loam
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline (7.9 to 8.4)

Bnz1 Horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
Effervescence: none to strong
Reaction: moderately alkaline (7.9 to 8.4)

Bnz2 Horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-few or common, shades-brown or yellow
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction: moderately alkaline (7.9 to 8.4)

Bknz Horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-few or common, shades-brown or yellow
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction: moderately alkaline (7.9 to 8.4)

BCknz Horizon:
Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4 or 6
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: sandy clay loam or clay loam
Clay content: 25 to 35 percent
Redox concentrations: amount-none to common, shades-brown or red
Effervescence: slight to violent
Reaction: moderately alkaline or strongly alkaline (7.9 to 9.0)

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series. Similar soils are the Arrada, Barrada, Saragosa, Saucel, and Sejita series.
Arrada and Barrada soils: do not have a calcic horizon. In addition, Barrada soils: are in the fine family.
Saragosa soils: are in a fine-silty family; have a gypsic horizon and gypsic mineralogy.
Saucel and Sejita soils: do not have a calcic horizon; in addition Saucel soils are in a coarse-loamy family and Sejita soils are in a fine-silty family.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: saline loamy fluviomarine deposits
Landscape: low coastal plains
Landform: depressions
Slope: 0 to 1 percent, but mostly less than 0.5 percent
Mean annual precipitation: 686 to 737 mm (27 to 29 in)
Precipitation Pattern: Precipitation mostly falls from Spring to Fall while the Winter months are the driest.
Thornthwaite P-E Index: 30 to 44
Mean annual air temperature: 22.2 to 23.4 degrees C (72 to 74 degrees F)
Frost-free period: 330 to 365 days
Elevation: 1.5 to 4.6 m (5 to 15 ft)

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These include the Lomalta, Point Isabel, Saucel, Sejita, and Willamar series.
Lomalta and Point Isabel soils: have more than 35 percent clay in the 25 to 100 cm (10- to 40- inch) control section; on a higher landform.
Saucel and Sejita soils: on a similar landform
Willamar soils: have an argillic horizon on a flat landform

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Permeability is slow. Runoff is negligible. These soils are rarely flooded for up to brief periods, occasionally ponded up to 15 cm (6 in) above the surface for long periods and saturated throughout from September to May mostly due to tropical storms or high rainfall.

USE AND VEGETATION: Utilized as native rangeland. Forage production is low. Vegetation consists of Gulf cordgrass, bushy sea-oxeye, shoregrass and pickleweed.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Limited to coastal fringe of the Lower Texas Gulf Coast and probably in Mexico. The series is of small extent.

MLRA SOIL SURVEY REGIONAL OFFICE (MO) RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Cameron County, Texas; l970.

REMARKS: Classification change from Aquollic Salorthids to Calcic Aquisalids based on application of the 6th edition of SOIL TAXONOMY. Classification change from Calcic Aquisalids to Typic Halaquepts based on application of the Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

Ochric epipedon: 0 to 10 cm (0 to 4 in) (Az horizon)

Calcic horizon: 76 to 203 cm (30 to 80 in) (BCknz horizon)

Cambic horizon: 10 to 203 cm (4 to 80 in) (Bnz1, Bnz2, Bknz, BCknz horizons)

Aquic conditions: 10 to 203 cm (4 to 80 in) (Bnz1, Bnz2, Bknz, BCknz horizons)

Taxonomic Version: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Twelfth Edition, 2014

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.